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Embalming II > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Fluids that are mixed with water inside the reservoir of the machine are

A

Vascular/Arterial Fluids

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2
Q

Vascular/ Arterial are classified by

A

Index (the number of grams of formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100ML of water)

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3
Q

The index of fluid that causes rapid tissue coagulation, a definite degree of firmness and is used most often on “special” cases (decomposition, edema, outgoing etc.)

A

Strong 28-36 index

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4
Q

The index of the fluid that is sometimes referred to as semi-firming or cosmetic fluid, that results in a moderate firming of tissues is

A

Medium 19-27 index

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5
Q

The index of the fluid that produces a minimum firming of tissue is

A

Weak 1-10 index

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6
Q

Chemicals which inactivate saprophaytic bacteria, rendered unsuitable for nutrition the media upon which bacteria thrive, and which will arrest decomposition by altering enzymes of the body tissue to form a less susceptible to decomposition are known as

A

Preservatives

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7
Q

The two examples of preservatives include

A

Aldehydes and Glutaraldehyde

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8
Q

The aldehyde example that is a colorless gas, has an irritating and unpleasant odor, is freely soluble in water, combines with tissue protein, is a monoaldehyde and also a dehydrating chemical is

A

Formaldehyde (produced by the partial oxidation of methyl alcohol)

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9
Q

The Aldehyde that is also classified as a dialdehyde and reacts with protein over a wide pH range is

A

Glutaraldehyde

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10
Q

The group with the general formula R-OH with name ending in –OL is

A

Alcohols

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11
Q

The alcohol that is used commercially or manufacteurally to produce formaldehyde, used as an anti- polymerizing (continuous chains of polymers) agent is

A

Methyl Alcohol (methanol or wood alcohol)

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12
Q

Obtained by the distillation of coal tar, used to prevent leakage is

A

Phenol

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13
Q

Chemicals added for the purpose of destroying disease causing microorganisms are known as

A

Supplementary Germicides

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14
Q

Two examples of supplementary germicides are

A

Glutaraldehyde and Quaternary ammonium compounds

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15
Q

Agents that are usually used for disinfection of the skin, instruments, oral and nasal cavities are known as

A

Quaternary Ammonium compounds

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16
Q

Two examples of Quaternary Ammonium compounds include

A

Benzalkonium chloride and Zephrian choldride

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17
Q

Chemicals which retards the tendency of blood to become more viscous by natural posts mortem processed or prevent adverse reactions between blood or the embalming chemical
• Also known as water conditioners or water softeners
• These chemicals keep blood in a liquid state

A

Anticoagulants

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18
Q

The two examples of anticoagulants include

A

Sodium Citrate and Sodium Salt of EDTA

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19
Q

The substance that presents itself in greater quantity that acts as the solvent, liquids that serve as a solvent for the numerous ingredients that are incorporates in to embalming fluids, they must serve as the carriers of the components found in the arterial solution are called

A

Vehicles

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20
Q

Two examples of vehicles are

A

Water and Alcohol (tinksher solution)

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21
Q

Chemicals having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one are

A

Perfuming Agents, Deodorants or masking agents

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22
Q

The four examples of perfuming agents, deodorants or masking agents include

A

Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen)
Benzaldehyde (oil of almonds)
Oil of sassafras
Oil of cloves

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23
Q

Do perfuming agents eliminate the effect formaldehyde has on the operator

A

No

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24
Q

Substances which will, upon being dissolved, impart a definite color to the embalming solution and/or body tissues are known as

A

Dyes/ coloring agents

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25
The type of dye that will impart a color to the body tissue are known as
Active cosmetic dyes
26
The type of dye that will stain the concentrated arterial fluid are known as
Inactive non-cosmetic dyes
27
The three examples of dyes include
Eosin Ponceau red Erythrosine
28
A chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures , used in promoting fluid diffusion, chemicals seen in dishwashing detergents that prevent spots on glasses, also called- surface tension reducers, wetting agents, surface active agents are known as
Surfactants
29
The two examples of surfactants include
Sulfonate and Sodium lauryl sulfate
30
Chemicals added to the embalming solution to deal with varying demands based upon the type of embalming, the environment, and the embalming fluid to be used as well as chemicals which control the rate and extent of the embalming operation are
Modifying agents
31
Two modifying agents used in embalming fluids are
Humectants and Buffers
32
Also called “moisture retainers” a chemical that increases the ability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture (chemical that helps to control dehydration) are
Humectants
33
Four examples of humectants include
Glycerol Sorbitol Lanolin’s (emollients) skin moisturizers Glycols (antifreeze)
34
The chemical that will affect the acid- base balance (pH) within embalming solutions and in the embalmed tissue are
Buffers
35
The four examples of buffers include
Borax Citrates Sodium salt of edta Sodium phosphates
36
Formulated to produce maximum disinfection and preservation with a minimum amount of fluid are known as
Cavity fluids
37
The four elements included in the composition of cavity fluids include
Preservatives Germicides Vehicle Perfuming Agents
38
Fluid injected primarily to prepare the vascular system and body tissues for the injection of the preservative vascular solution and will also keep the blood in a liquid state are known as
Pre-injection Fluids
39
The six components of pre- injection fluids include
Anticoagulants: loosens up any blood clots present Surfactants Humectants: helps to replenish moisture Vehicle: diluted with water inside the reservoir Water condition agents: water is softer No concentration of preservative: use to flush the vascular system
40
The pre-injection fluid used primarily to supplement and enhance the action of the vascular system is known as a
Co-injection fluid
41
A special vascular fluid with special bleaching and coloring qualities for use on bodies with liver failure; usually with a low formaldehyde content are known as
Jaundice fluids
42
The three components of jaundice fluid include
Bleaching agents High concentration of cosmetic dyes Low formaldehyde content
43
A chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb and as has a limited amount of disinfection ability, used to prevent leakage of bodily fluids are known as
Hardening Compounds
44
The four components of hardening compounds include
Plasters of Paris Paraformaldehyde Wood powder Alum
45
The dehydrating compound found in hardening compounds is
Plaster of Paris
46
The disinfectant, white powdery substance, primary component of preservative powders found in hardening compounds is
Paraformaldehyde
47
The dehydrating agent, brown in color (sawdust) found in hardening compounds is
Wood powder
48
The dehydrating agent, white in color, found in deodorants such hardening compound is
Alum
49
A chemical in powder form; typically used for surface embalming of remains, will help to control maggots and vermin, usually has a high concentration paraformaldehyde doesn't have the absorbent and drying qualities are known as
Preservative powders
50
Any substance that imperials/ hinders health or life when absorbed into the body is a
Poison
51
A poisonous substances produced by high plants, animals, or bacteria that is toxic or poisonous to humans is a
Toxin
52
The toxin that produces a poisonous substance released outside of the body is known as a
Exotoxin
53
The toxin that produces a poisonous substance only released from within the cell when the organism producing it is destroyed is a
Endotoxin
54
Cholera, staph “ptomaine” food poisoning, tetanus, diphtheria, botulism are examples of
Exotoxins
55
Meningitis is an example of a
Endotoxin
56
“ Lethal dose 50%” the amount of a poison or radiation that will kill 50% of the group to which it’s been given is known as
LD-50
57
“Minimum lethal dose” the smallest dose of a poison or radiation on record that causes death is known as
MLD
58
Used to remove fingernail polish, as a solvent (removing fingerprint ink, removing fingerprints from wax) is
Acetone
59
Used commercially to manufacture formaldehyde and as an anti-polymerizing agent to stop it from converting itself to its solid form is
Methanol (wood ALCOHOL)
60
Vehicle in cavity fluids, only alcohol fit for human consumption is
Ethanol (grain ALCOHOL)
61
Chemicals which have the presence of at least one atom of a halogen (salt former) “carbon tetrachloride” used as a solvent are
Alkyl halides
62
Also called red-dye #2
Amaranth
63
The white crystal solid that is used as an herbicide (hardening compound and preservative powder) is
Amitrole
64
Has a unique odor, active ingredient in disinfectants, used to neutralize formaldehyde and cavity fluid spills is
Ammonia
65
Also found in "Lysol" kills bacteria and disinfects is
Cresol
66
The light brown powder used as a fungicide often added to preservative powders (kills and prevents mold growth) is
Dichlorophene
67
The colorless liquid used as a solvent is
Diethanol amine and Toluene
68
The colorless oily liquid used as a solvent is
Diethyl formamide
69
The clear liquid that has a fruit like odor sometimes used as a perfuming agent is
Ethyl acetate
70
Can be used ethier as an anticoagulant or a buffer
EDTA (sodium salts)
71
Identified by index (highest is 36) 37% by weight 40% by volume original form is a gas, is soluble in water creates an aqueous solution, major preservative used in embalming and is a known carcinogen
Formaldehyde
72
A colorless liquid that’s used as a solvent has a pH below 7, (found in fire ant bites and bee strings) is
Formic acid
73
One of the two supplementary germicides, better used as a disinfectant than a preservative is
Glutaraldehyde
74
Used as humectants/ moisture retainers in embalming fluids for dehydrated or emaciated cases also called “dyhydroxy alcohols” are
Glycols
75
"Bleaches such as Clorox” 1:10/ 10% bleach solution, used to scrub prep room floors, not to be used undiluted cavity fluid spill are
Hypochlorites
76
Substance used as a propellant in aerosol spray products is
Isobutane
77
A colorless liquid similar to acetone used as a solvent is
Methyl ethyl ketone
78
"Turpentine/ paint thinner” used to clean cosmetic brushes in between uses is
Mineral spirits
79
Common name for “tissue builder”, used to replace moisture and or tissue lost is
Nitrocellulose
80
The colorless liquid used as an insecticide, sometimes added in preservative powders is
Orthodicholorbenzene
81
The colorless solid that is used as a stripping agent (pH below 7, corrosive to metal) (nail polish remover) is
Oxalic acid
82
A mold preventative agent, used in moth balls is
Paradichlorobenzene
83
The white solid form of formaldehyde, major preservative used in preservative powders is
Paraformaldehyde
84
Used as a cauterizer (prevent leakage) and bleaching agent (never to be applied topically/ but injected under the skin) is
Phenol/ phenolic compound
85
The primary dehydrating agent of hardening compounds, most kept in solid granular form, used to make cast to set bone is
Plaster of Paris
86
Used primarily for heating or powering gas grills or generators is
Propane
87
Finishing powder (white/ flesh color) applied with a brush to remove the shine of cosmetics is
Quartz/ Talc
88
The supplementary germicides (benezolconium chloride or zephren chloride) are known as
Quaternary ammonia compounds
89
Materials used to provide a barrier or seal against any type of leakage of fluid or blood are called
Sealing Agents
90
The four different types of sealing agents are
Powder Spray Liquids Putty
91
Comes in either in a liquid or gel form, used to dry and harden lesions, excisions and cavities "posting gel/ sin gel" are known as
Surface Applications
92
A fluid used primarily to supplement and enhance the action of the vascular (arterial) solution is known as a
Co-injection fluid

Embalming II (2 decks)

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