Test 1-4 Flashcards
Prep for my first test (172 cards)
1
Q
Por qué
A
Why
2
Q
Cuál
A
Which
3
Q
Son
A
Are/It’s
4
Q
Mes
A
Month
5
Q
Unos y unas
A
Some
6
Q
Son las ocho menos diez
A
7:50
7
Q
Es la una y diez
A
1:10
8
Q
Son las cinco y veinte
A
5:20
9
Q
Son las once y media de la noche
A
It’ 11:30pm
10
Q
A
A
At/to/of
11
Q
A qué hora es la clase?
A
(At) what time is class?
12
Q
La cocina
A
Kitchen
13
Q
El tiempo
A
Time
14
Q
Así
A
So,thus
15
Q
Para
A
For, in order to
16
Q
Pero
A
But
17
Q
Aquí
A
Here
18
Q
Vioso
A
Nervous masc
19
Q
Artículos
A
Articles
20
Q
Mucho gusto
A
pleased to meet you
21
Q
Abajo
A
Down
22
Q
Arriba
A
Up
23
Q
Lo siento
A
I am sorry
24
Q
Tambien
A
Me too, also, as well
25
Contesto
Answer, reply
26
llegar
Get, arrive, come through
27
Nuevas
New plural
28
Buscar
Search for, seek
29
Pasar
Pass, move
30
Tomar
Take,
31
Tienes
You have
32
Escuela
School
33
Cosas
Stuff, belongings
34
Desayuno
Breakfast
35
primer (o/a)
first
36
segundo (a)
second
37
tercer (o/a)
third
38
Último (a)
last
39
Vamos
lets go, we are going
40
present participle: speaking
hablando
41
past participle spoken
hablado
42
Present and past participle endings
-ndo and -do
43
The majority of spanish adjectives are singular and end in what letter? How do you make them plural?
end in masculine -O and are made plural by adding -S. example: un muchacho alto y unos muchachos altos.
44
Where do you put descriptive adjectives in a sentence? What about limiting adjectives (including numbers and unstressed possessives)?
Descriptive adjectives come after the noun and limiting adjectives before the noun.
45
What form do most non masculine singular adjectives follow?
They use the same ending for the feminine and add -s or -es for plural.
46
primos
cousin-prima, primo
47
sobrinos
sobrina, sobrino- niece and nephew
48
hijos
hija, hijo daughter and son
49
bonito (a)
pretty
50
feo (a)
ugly
51
alto/a y bajo/a
tall and short
52
joven y viejo/a
young and old
53
delgado/a
slender
54
How do you order and information gathering question?
Interrogative element, conjugated verb, subject, and other elements (emphasis determines importance and the most prominent should come last)
55
To form a plural noun, how do vowels endings differ from consonants?
Vowels add s, consonants add es
56
How do you pluralize nouns ending in s in an unstressed syllable?
There is no change example: el miércoles and Los miércoles
57
The number and gender of a noun are reflected in the article accompanying it. name some definite and indefinite articles.
Indefinite: un and una can mean: one, a, or an.
Definite: el and la= the
58
Spanish infinitives always end in what letter preceded by which other letters?
R, preceded by a,e, or I. Tomar, comer, and Samir are some examples.
59
You place "no" before what to make something negative?
The verb
60
The idea "to be" ser vs estar vs hay, what's the difference?
Ser: characteristics and identifiers (more intrinsic things that tend to be permanent)
Estar: locations and conditions (more impermanent or transient)
Hay: there is or there are denotes existence NOT location.
61
How do you denote that something is happening on a particular day of the week?
Use el, el lunes, or Los lunes. Only sábado y Domingo need s added for plural.
62
How do you say 21 year vs 21 houses? How do you change the number with gender?
Vientiún años, Vientiuna casas. The ending UNO changes to un or una depending on the gender of the noun.
63
La calle
Street
64
How do you ask. What is you address, and what is your phone number?
Cuál es tu direcćion, y cuál es tu teléfono?
65
Fecha
Date
66
Spanish uses cardinal numbers for all dates except which? How do you say it?
The first: el primero
67
El Partido
Game
68
Todo
All, everything
69
Un lápiz dos lápices
A pencil, two pencils. This can also mean one pencil, and the word ending is a good example of z changing to c, and then becoming plural using the consonant ending es.
70
Una pluma
A pen or one pen
71
Una Mochila
A backpack or one backpack
72
Una hoja de papel
A sheet of paper
73
Varios
Several (think variety)
74
If asked: cuànto dinero tienes make sure to respond by using the proper gender and plurality. You could respond by saying Tengo poco where poco agrees with dinero.
How would respond to cuántas clases tienes?
Tengo pocas/muchas/varias . Be careful not to use pocos/muchos/varios when dealing with the feminine cuántas.
75
Puertas
Doors
76
Ventanas
Windows
77
Luces
Lights
78
Pared y paredes
Wall and walls
79
Asientos
Seats
80
Pizzaras
Blackboards
81
Comida
Food
82
Comprar
To buy
83
Leer
To read
84
Jugar
To play
85
Andar
To go around, walk
86
Salir
To go out, leave
87
Te gustan_______?
Qué te gusta hacer?
Qué vas a hacer?
Do you like
What do you like to do?
What are you going to do?
88
Cuarto
Quarter, roommate
89
Los deportes
Sports
90
Me gustan los películas
I like movies
91
Películas
Movies
92
Pasado mañana
day after tomorrow
93
Es cierto, cierto
(It's) true, certain
94
A qué hora vs qué hora es
At what time vs what time is it?
95
Seguro
Sure
96
Recibir
To receive
97
Ir
To go
98
Venir
To come
99
What does the suffix mente mean and how do you use it properly?
Translates to -ly in English. It makes adverbs out of adjectives, by adding it to the feminine form of the adjective. It receives its own stress. Example: rápido-rápida-rápedamente.
100
Haber
To be (there) there is,was, were, are...
101
Hacer
to be hot (climate) or a certain amount of time
102
Dónde y adónde
Where and "to where, or where to" adónde is usually used with verbs of motion to indicate destination such as adónde regresas "where do you return to"
103
La oficina
The office
104
El centro
Downtown
105
La sala
The living room
106
Idiomas
Languages
107
Nueva
New
108
Padres
Parents
109
Horas
Hours
110
How does a infinitive verb change in future tense when there is some reference to the future?
It doesn't. There does need to be an explicit word indicating the future though.
111
Sobre
About (someone) talking about frank
112
Menudo
Often
113
alumno/a
student, pupil
114
la llave
the key
115
el lugar
the place
116
el puesto
vendors stand (kiosk, sort of)
117
el tema
theme, subject
118
la tienda
store
119
esperar
to wait for, hope
120
terminar
to finish
121
arrancar
to start
122
ejercer
to practice (at a profession)
123
ganar
to win, earn
124
pagar
to pay (think bugger, when you have to pay for a flat tire)
125
adj: duro/a
hard, harsh (think enduro/endure)
126
adj: fácil
easy
127
mayor
older, oldest; larger, largest
128
menor
younger, youngest; smaller, smallest
129
tanto/a
so much, so many
130
suyo/a
his/hers/yours
131
aburrido/a
boring, bored
132
What is a transitive verb?
It is a verb that takes a direct object; by naming an object that will recieve the action of the verb. This direct object is a noun or noun equivalent (pronoun or infinitive).
A transitive verb will sound incomplete without a direct object for example: Yo voy (I'm going) requires more for the sentence to make sense.
133
What is an intransitive verb?
It is a verb that expresses a complete idea without a receiver of the action. The verb denotes the motion of the subject rather than the action that it performs on an object.
An intransitive verb such as Comino does not reequire a direct object to make sense by itself. Saying I walk, doesn't demand a location.
134
How are intransitive verbs linked with nouns?
With prepositions which sit before a noun or pronoun to show its relationship to another word in the sentence. (describes anywhere a mouse can go). In, on around...
135
How are persons and things distingushed as direct objects?
A direct object referring to a definite person is preceded by an "a" This "a" is not a true preposition but merley a sign of the personal direct object.
136
When using the word quién how do you determine if an "a" should proceed it?
Quién asks for a subject who performs an action and a quién asks for a direct object who receives the action.
137
What are the four rules of object pronouns?
1) They follow and are attached to infinitives
2) They come immediatley before personal verb forms (this is convention when responding to someone regarding a direct object-I think)
3) Their position is optional in verb phrases that have both a personal form and an infinitive.
4) No precedes object pronouns
138
decir
to say, to tell (conjugate)
139
poner
to put (conjugate)
140
ver
to see (conjugate)
141
saber means what, and is different from conocer in what way?
to know facts/about things, whereas conocer means to be familiar with.
142
querer
to want
143
volver
to return
144
seguir
to follow
145
Ir
To go
146
Saber
To know (facts), to find out, to know how
147
Conocer
To know (be familiar with), to meet, become aware of.
148
Querer
To want (e-ie)
149
Seguir
To follow (e becomes I)
150
Llover
Rain
151
Parece
Seems, appears
152
Demonstrative adjectives: near the speaker: this (s) or these (P) (masc and feminine)
este coche y estos coches (MS and MP)
| esta cas y estas casas (FS FP)
153
siempre
always
154
aveces
sometimes
155
de vez en cuando
once in a while
156
nunca/jamás
never
157
raras veces
rarley
158
el helado
ice-cream
159
frito
fried
160
el pastel y la torta
cake
161
la manzana
apple
162
el jamón
Ham
163
el lugar can be used in what context? What is another acceptable substitution for it?
El lugar: the place, can be used to reference a specific unnamed place such as this place, or that place. You can also substitute "instead of" for "in place of."
164
How is Donde different from A donde?
Donde: is a more open ended "where" like when you ask someone "where is frank?, or where can I get a good hug" It's not location driven.
A donde: Is used when you know a person is going somewhere specific because you know their situation or you see them headed toward a destination.
165
Quién vs A quién
Quién: like donde quién is more open ended. You could be asking "who can run a mile that fast?" Which is somewhat non-specific.
A quién: is used when looking for one specific person or thing. For example: who killed the cat? Where by virtue of your question you're searching for a specific answer/person.
166
Jugar vs tocar
Jugar means to play outside and have fun
| tocar means to play/touch an instrument
167
algún and unos y unas
Algún (any) used in both sentences and questions
| Unos y unas (some) is only used in sentences
168
las joyas
the jewels
169
las verduras
the vegetables
170
los papeles
the papers
171
la droga
the medicine
172
How do you indicate that a product is sold in a particular shop? example: what is the word for shoe store, or vegetable store?
add ería to the end of the word. zapateria or verduleria
