Test 1 #4

Question 1

The dura surrounding the spinal cord is called the _____, and ends at vertebral level ______

Answer 1

dural sac, S2

Question 2

Coccygeal ligament is aka _____ and is made up of _____ & ______

Answer 2

filum terminale externa, dura, pia

Question 3

The spinal ____ mater suspends the spinal cord in CSF

Answer 3

arachnoid

Question 4

The lumbar cistern runs from ____ to ____ vertebral level

Answer 4

L2, S2

Question 5

At the bottom of the pia mater in the spinal cord, it continues as the _____ and merges/fuses with the ______

Answer 5

filum terminale, coccygeal ligament

Question 6

____ is the caudal extension of pia mater, _____ are the lateral extensions of pia mater

Answer 6

Filum terminale , dentate ligaments

Question 7

There are _____ pairs of dentate ligaments that attach to the _______ and resemble a _____ or ______

Answer 7

21, dura mater, shark’s tooth, ribbon

Question 8

CSF is formed by the _____

Answer 8

choroid plexus

Question 9

Choroid plexus is made up of _____ and ______

Answer 9

capillaries, ependymal cells

Question 10

There is _____ mL of CSF in the body at any given time, but we produce _____ mL per day

Answer 10

150 mL, 800 mL

Question 11

CSF is high in _____ molecules and low in _____ molecules

Answer 11

small(sodium, potassium, etc), large(proteins, epithelial cells, etc)

Question 12

Function of CSF (3)

Answer 12

cushions brain
removes waste
provides nutrients

Question 13

Lateral ventricles have 2 sides, and each lateral ventricle has 3 horns:

• the anterior horn extends into the _____ lobe
• the posterior horn extends into the _____ lobe
• the inferior horn extends into the _____ lobe

Answer 13

frontal
occipital
temporal

Question 14

4th ventricle has the Foramen of _____

Answer 14

Magendie

Question 15

The _____ is the outermost layer of the cerebrum

Answer 15

cerebral cortex

Question 16

More than half of the cerebral cortex is hidden within the sulcus, the rest creates _____

Answer 16

gyrus

Question 17

The gray matter outer coating of the cerebral cortex is _____mm thick

Answer 17

2-4mm

Question 18

Cerebral cortex deals with (3)

Answer 18

thought
emotion
voluntary movement

Question 19

There are ___ layers of the cerebral cortex, the more developed the area, the more layers

Answer 19

5-6

Question 20

Cerebral cortex is divided into 3 layers

Answer 20

Archycortex
Paleocortex
Neocortex

Question 21

Archycortex contains the (2)

Answer 21

hypocampus

parahypocampus

Question 22

_____ is the oldest layer
_____ contains the olfactory system
_____ is most of the cerebrum

Answer 22

Archycortex
Paleocortex
Neocortex

Question 23

The functional structure of the cerebral cortex is _____ in shape

Answer 23

columnar

Question 24

Basic cell types of the cerebral cortex (3)

Answer 24

Pyramidal
Stellate
Bipolar

Question 25

Pyramidal is _____in nature

Answer 25

excitatory

Question 26

Stellate has 2 types and are ______

Answer 26

1) Spiny stellate 2) Smooth Stellate interneurons

Question 27

Spiny stellate is _____in nature | Smooth Stellate is _____in nature

Answer 27

excitatory | inhibitory

Question 28

Bipolar cell is a ____ neuron and can be either excitatory or inhibitory

Answer 28

relay

Question 29

The stellate cells are found mostly in the _____ & _____ layers while bipolar cells are found in the ______ layer

Answer 29

outer, inner granular, innermost

Question 30

Staining techniques (3)

Answer 30

Golgi Nissl Weigert

Question 31

_____ stains fibers _____ stain ribosomes _____ stains a complete neuron

Answer 31

Weigert Nissl Golgi

Question 32

General classifications of fibers in cerebrum (3)

Answer 32

Projection Commisural Associational

Question 33

Projection fibers are ____ fibers, and they _____ the cortex

Answer 33

afferent, leave

Question 34

______ fibers go from one hemisphere of the cerebrum to another hemisphere Ex: corpus callosum

Answer 34

Commisural

Question 35

____ fibers join one part of the cortex to another in the same cortex.

Answer 35

Associational

Question 36

______ associational fibers go from one lobe to another, ______ associational fibers stay with the lobe

Answer 36

Long, short

Question 37

______ fiber is from the hypothalamus and brainstem to the cortex

Answer 37

Neuroaxial

Question 38

Afferent is _____ , efferent is _____

Answer 38

towards, away

Question 39

Pierre Brodman is the most common ________

Answer 39

brain map

Question 40

Somatosensory cortex is found in the areas _____ at the _____

Answer 40

1, 2, 3 (Brodma's area), postcentral gyrus

Question 41

Supplemental sensory area is found in area ____

Answer 41

1

Question 42

Visual cortex is found in area ____ mostly, but the visual associational area are in areas _____. Lies on either side of the _____

Answer 42

17, 18 & 19, calcarine sulcus

Question 43

Primary hearing cortex is found in areas _____ and is located at the ______, and the associational area is in area ____ and is located at the ______

Answer 43

41 & 42, transverse temporal gyri, 22, superior temporal gyrus

Question 44

Primary motor field is in area _____ and is located at the ______, premotor field is in area _____, primary motor eye field is in area _____

Answer 44

4, precentral gyrus, 6, 8

Question 45

If you are right handed, motor fibers start on the _____ side

Answer 45

left (opposite)

Question 46

Brocca's area are the areas _____ and is located at the (2)

Answer 46

44 & 45 pars triangularis pars opercularis

Question 47

Problems with Brocca's area (2)

Answer 47

stuttering | know what to say, just can't spit words out

Question 48

Wernicke's area is at area _____ and is located around the ______

Answer 48

22, transverse temporal gyrus

Question 49

Problem with Wernicke's area

Answer 49

knows what to say, but say or write the wrong words

Question 50

Angular gyrus is in area ______

Answer 50

39

Question 51

Problems with angular gyrus

Answer 51

Know words but can't understand what to read or write

Question 52

_____ connect Brocca to Wernickes

Answer 52

Arcuate fibers