Test 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is power? What do powerful people have in common?
Power is the ability to affect the actions through the use of rewards and punishments.
What are the characteristics of power?
Its influence relies on rewards and punishments, it relies on a variety of resources, it is unequally distributed, and it’s a relationship (poor cannot exist without rich).
What is society?
Group of individuals who share space, cultivate relationships, and are subject to similar cultural and authoritative expectations.
What is agency as it apply to human behavior?
It is the ability to act freely and make your own choices.
What are social structures?
Social norms, social networks, social institutions. Influence and limit choices available to people in a society.
What are institutions?
patterns of rule-governed behavior. State, religion, family, education.
What is authority?
Power exercised legitimately.
What are ideologies?
systems of ideas about values and the ideal role of social institutions. Rationalize the exercise of power.
How do ideologies influence behaviors?
Affect perception, influence lifestyles, provide motivation, and define a standard.
Extremist Ideologies
Ideologies that influence the hurt of other people.
Superiority
Agism, sexism, ethnocentrism, classism, and racism.
What can beliefs about superiority result in?
Terrorism, genocide, and ethnic cleansing.
Social Sciences
concerned with human behavior and relationships. Explores patterns and relies on empiricism and interpretation (observation, experimentation, and social critique).
What is culture?
The learned and shared patterns of behaviors characteristic or a group of people.
Symbolic-creates connections.
Shared-facilitates interaction
Learned-enculturation
Anthropology
Study of humans and their ancestors, and human cultural and biological variation.
What are the four fields of anthropology?
Archeology, cultural, linguistic, and physical.
What does a range of variation in power structures do?
Organizes tasks, maintain peace, and it’s a means of defense.
Psychology
The study of human behavior, interpersonal behavior, learning, and the influence of biology and evolution on behavior. Has to do with personality and power.
Sociology
The study of social institutions and relationships. It registers on the personal level, societal level, and global level.
Women’s and Gender Studies
Investigation into women’s contributions to society, experiences, and their perspectives. Uses a 2-pronged approach, so it is INTERDISCIPLINARY.
Identity
Individual characteristics of person or group,
Levels of Analysis of Identity
Micro, macro, and meso. Micro is individual and mess is community. Macro is global, and national.
Scientific Approach
Gain information through observation and hypothesis testing. It is used to explain and predict behavior.
Humanistic-Interpretive Approach
Seeks to account for human variability and uniqueness. Looks for value and meaning. Realizes that human behavior may not be predictable or functional.
