test 1

Question 1

occupation

Answer 1

activity in which one engages

Question 2

therapy

Answer 2

treatment of an illness or disability

Question 3

Goal

Answer 3

end toward which effort is directed

Question 4

activity

Answer 4

state or condition of being involved

Question 5

independence

Answer 5

state or condition of being self-reliant

Question 6

function

Answer 6

action for which a person is specifically fitted

Question 7

Occupational therapy

Answer 7

a practice that uses goal-directed activity to promote independence in function

Question 8

Areas of occupation

Answer 8

various life activities, including activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living, education, work, play, leisure, and social activity

Question 9

Occupational performance

Answer 9

The ability to carry out activities of daily life

Question 10

Purposeful activity

Answer 10

An activity used during intervention that is goal-directed and may or may not be viewed as meaningful to the client. These activities typically involve an end product and are goal-directed.

Question 11

Occupational therapy practitioner refers to two different levels of clinicians: an _____ and an _____

Answer 11

Occupational therapist, Occupational therapist assistant

Question 12

It is important to develop a _____ with the client which is a relationship of _____

Answer 12

rapport, mutual trust

Question 13

occupations are ____ that have ____ and give people ____. For example, cooking is an ____ associated with the _____ of being a mother.

Answer 13

activities, meaning, identity, activity, occupation

Question 14

Tasks refer to the ________. For example mixing the batter is a task associated with cooking.

Answer 14

basic units of action

Question 15

In a hospital or rehabilitation setting you use the term ____. When working in a mental health facility or training center you use the term ____.

Answer 15

patient,client

Question 16

OT practitioners use ____ activity (activities that are ___ to clients) to help clients regain skills and abilities or compensate for changes in abilities so that they may engage in occupations.

Answer 16

purposeful, meaningful

Question 17

Intervention may begin with ___, which help get the client ready for the purposeful activity.

Answer 17

preparatory activities

Question 18

____ activities are made-up activities that may include some of the same skills required for the occupation. These activities are used to help ______ the actual activity and may help get the client ____.

Answer 18

Contrived, simulate, ready

Question 19

Occupation-centered activities are performed in the ___ setting. Clients retain skills better and are more motivated when performing the actual ____.

Answer 19

natural, occupation

Question 20

____ refers to the objects and materials the practitioner uses to facilitate ___.

Answer 20

media, change

Question 21

In the 18th and 19th centuries, this awakening brought previously ignored and cruel practices to light, one of which was the _____ of those with _____

Answer 21

treatment, mental

Question 22

____ was grounded in the philosophy, that all people, even the most challenged, are entitled to ____ and human ____

Answer 22

Moral treatment, consideration, compassion

Question 23

Two men were credited with conceiving the moral treatment movement: ____ & _____

Answer 23

Philippe Pinel, William Tuke

Question 24

Philippe Pinel introduced “____” for the insane in the late 1700s.

Answer 24

work treatment

Question 25

Philippe Pinel used ____ to divert the patients' minds away from their _____ disturbance and toward ___ their ____

Answer 25

occupation, emotional, improving, skill

Question 26

William Tuke founded the York Retreat, and both he and Thomas Fowler believed that _____ was preferable to using _____ & _____

Answer 26

moral treatment, restraints, drugs

Question 27

_____ was the first physician to institute Moral Treatment practices

Answer 27

Benjamin Rush

Question 28

In the early 20th century, in reaction to the expanding use of tools and machines, the _____ movement developed in England

Answer 28

Arts and crafts

Question 29

The Arts and Crafts movement was led by _____ & _____

Answer 29

John Ruskin, William Morris

Question 30

Proponents of the Arts & Crafts movement were opposed to the production of items by ____, believing that it alienated people from nature and their own creativity.

Answer 30

machines

Question 31

Adapting the Arts and Crafts movement for medical purposes was a treatment concept developed by ____

Answer 31

Herbert Hall

Question 32

Founders of the profession (7 of them)

Answer 32

Herbert Hall, George Edward Barton, Dr.William Rush Dunton, Jr., Eleanor Clarke Slagle, Susan Tracy, Susan Cox Johnson, Thomas Kidner

Question 33

Herbert Hall's alternative to the ___ cure was ___ & ___ activities. He called this approach the ____ cure.

Answer 33

rest, arts, crafts, work

Question 34

in 1914, ____ opened the consolation house for covalescent patients

Answer 34

George Edward Barton

Question 35

____ studied rehabilitation courses available at the time and made contact with people dedicated to reforming conditions in asylums many of whom were influenced by the moral treatment movement

Answer 35

george edward barton

Question 36

____ was considered the father of occupational therapy

Answer 36

Dr. William Rush Dunton, Jr.

Question 37

___ was known for his writings on the value of occupation for treatment.

Answer 37

Dr. William Rush Dunton, Jr.

Question 38

____ is known as the mother of occupational therapy

Answer 38

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Question 39

___ was asked by Adolf Meyer to direct a new occupational therapy department. This is where she developed the area of work known as ____

Answer 39

Eleanor Clarke Slagle, habit training

Question 40

_____ is described as a "re-education program designed to overcome disorganized habits, to modify other habits, and to construct new ones, with the goal of restoring and maintaining health.

Answer 40

habit training

Question 41

____ organized the first professional school for OT practitioners

Answer 41

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Question 42

_____'s home was the association's first unofficial headquarters

Answer 42

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Question 43

_____ was the director of occupations at the New York State Department of Public charities

Answer 43

Susan Cox Johnson

Question 44

_____ joined the faculty of Teachers College in the department of nursing and health, where she taught occupational therapy

Answer 44

Susan Cox Johnson

Question 45

____ was influential in establishing a presence for occupational therapy in vocational rehabilitation and tuberculosis treatment

Answer 45

Thomas Kidner

Question 46

As a canadian architect, _____ was recognized for constructing institutions for individuals with physical disability

Answer 46

Thomas Kidner

Question 47

In many of his architectural drawings for facilities, ____ included workshops for occupational therapy

Answer 47

Thomas Kidner

Question 48

_____ was an advocate for high educational standards and for the training of competent practitioners versus training large numbers of practitioners

Answer 48

Susan Cox Johnson

Question 49

On March 15th, 1917, a small group of people from varied backgrounds convened the initial organizational meeting and produced the Certificate of Incorporation of the _____

Answer 49

National Society for the promotion of Occupational therapy

Question 50

_____, a Swiss physician, expressed a point of view that eventually formed the philosophical base of the profession

Answer 50

Adolf meyer

Question 51

_____ was committed to a _____ perspective and developed a the psychobiological approach to mental illness. He advocated that each individual should be seen as a complete and unified whole, not merely a series of parts or problems to be managed. He maintained that involvement in meaningful activity was a distinct human characteristic. Further, he believed that providing an individual with the opportunity to participate in purposeful activity promoted health.

Answer 51

adolf meyer, holistic

Question 52

The ____, established a program of vocational rehabilitation for soldiers disabled on active duty

Answer 52

Soldier's rehabilitation act

Question 53

The _____ provided federal funds to states on a 50-50 matching basis to provide vocational rehabilitation services to civilians with physical disabilities

Answer 53

civilian vocational rehabilitation act

Question 54

The time from 1942 to 1960 is often called the period of the _______

Answer 54

rehabilitation movement

Question 55

_____ was enacted in 1965 and increased the demand for occupational therapy services. Under its guidelines, those who are 65 years of age or older or those who are permanently or totally disabled receive assistance in paying for their health care. It covers occupational therapy services in the inpatient settings. In 1988, legislation granted OTs the right to Medicare provider numbers, permitting direct reimbursement for occupational therapy services.

Answer 55

Medicare

Question 56

The ______ act of 1973 established several important principles. It emphasized priority service for persons with the most severe disabilities/ would place the most severely disabled person first for service.

Answer 56

rehabilitation

Question 57

The _______ act of 1975 establishes the right of all children to a free and appropriate education , regardless of handicapping condition. This law includes occupational therapy as a related service

Answer 57

education for all handicapped children

Question 58

The ______ act was passed in 1986 as an amendment to the education for all handicapped children act. It extends the provision to include children from 3 to 5 years of age and initiates new early intervention programs for children from birth to 3 years of age

Answer 58

Handicapped infants & toddlers

Question 59

The _____ act of 1988 addresses the availability of assistive technology devices and services to individuals with disabilities. Many OT practitioners are involved in providing these services.

Answer 59

technology related assistance for individuals with disabilities

Question 60

The _____ act of 1990 provides civil rights to all individuals with disabilities

Answer 60

Americans with disabilities act

Question 61

The Education for all Handicapped Children Act got renamed the ________ Act

Answer 61

individuals with disabilities education act

Question 62

The intent of the ____ Act of 1997 was to reduce medicare spending, create incentives for the development of managed care plans, encourage enrollment in managed care plans, and limit-fee-for-service payment & programs.

Answer 62

Balanced Budget Act

Question 63

____ refers to questions concerned with the nature of humankind

Answer 63

Metaphysical

Question 64

____ is related to the "nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge" and investigates questions such as "How do we know things?" and "How do we know what we know?"

Answer 64

Epistemology

Question 65

______ is concerned with the study of values

Answer 65

Axiology

Question 66

The US health care system uses a ____ approach, wherein human kind is reduced to separately functioning body parts

Answer 66

reductionistic

Question 67

Since its beginning, OT has used a _____ approach. This perspective can be traced to Adolf Meyer.

Answer 67

holistic

Question 68

Occupational Therapy views humans as _____. Humans are actively involved in controlling and determining their own behavior and are capable of changing behavior as desired

Answer 68

active beings

Question 69

______ is the ability to carry out activities of daily life

Answer 69

occupational performance

Question 70

_________ is the use of a specific occupation to bring about change in the client's performance. When it is used as this it may be equivalent to activity.

Answer 70

occupation as a means

Question 71

______ is the desired outcome or product of intervention and is derived from the person's values, experiences, and culture.

Answer 71

occupation as an end

Question 72

individual ______ is a change in function that promotes survival and self-actualization

Answer 72

Adaption

Question 73

What is meaningful and that which provides satisfaction to the individual is ______

Answer 73

phenomenological

Question 74

_____ is the unselfish concern for the welfare of others

Answer 74

Altruism

Question 75

______ are considered the basic units of behavior and are the simplest form of an action

Answer 75

tasks

Question 76

_____ describes a general class of human actions that are goal directed

Answer 76

activities

Question 77

_____ is the need for all OT practitioners to abide by the law that govern the practice and to respect the legal rights of the client

Answer 77

justice

Question 78

Through the value of ____, the uniqueness of each individual is emphasized

Answer 78

dignity

Question 79

______ is a value demonstrated through behavior that is accountable, honest, and accurate and that maintains one's professional competence

Answer 79

truthfulness

Question 80

_____ is the ability to demonstrate sound judgement, care, and discretion

Answer 80

prudence