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Environmental Ethics > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fred VanDyke was important in ethics when

A

19??-present

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2
Q

Who is Fred VanDyke

A

conservation biologist, executive director of Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, author

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3
Q

When was George Perkins Marsh Important

A

1801-1882

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4
Q

Who is George Perkins Marsh

A

naturalist, lawyer, diplomat, businessman

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5
Q

What did Fred VanDyke do

A

professor at wheaton college, director of environmental studies, author of between heaven and earth

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6
Q

What did George Perkins Marsh do

A

author of the book Man and Nature

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7
Q

What did the book Man and Nature point out

A

human impacts on natural ecosystems (past and present) and warned of the dangers of modern industrialization and consequences of ecosystem destruction.

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8
Q

What did the book Man and Nature launch

A

conservation movement

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9
Q

When was John Muir involved

A

1838-1914

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10
Q

Who is John Muir

A

America’s most influential naturalist and preservationist. Founder of the sierra club/ president until his death

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11
Q

What did John Muir do

A

Influenced President Roosevelt’s conservation programs. Wilderness was John Muir’s Bible, where wisdom and truth could be discovered daily.

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12
Q

To Muir why did wilderness preservation seem essential

A

as essential as formal religion, but wilderness for its appreciation requires an openness of spirit that he did not see in most Americans

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13
Q

Who did John Muir dispute with

A

Pinchot

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14
Q

What did John Muir and Pinchot dispute over

A

damming of Hetch Hetchy valley in Yosemite

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15
Q

When was Gifford Pinchot involved

A

1865-1946

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16
Q

Who was Gifford Pinchot?

A

first Chief of the Division of Forestry (US Forest service)

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17
Q

What did Gifford Pinchot do

A

worked with Roosevelt to acquire lots of Western Lands for preservation and created the Society of American Foresters. stewardship is for the purpose of betterment of mankind

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18
Q

What were Gifford’s three principles

A

common good
development
preservation

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19
Q

What are the two pillars of his Resource Conservation Ethic

A

equity and efficiency

20
Q

What did Gifford Pinchot recognize the need for

A

environmental protection for the future generations and believed it was wrong to waste resources

21
Q

When was Theodore Roosevelt influential

A

1857-1919

22
Q

Who was Theodore Roosevelt

A

26th president of the United States (1901-1909)

23
Q

What did Theodore Roosevelt do

A

achievements were in conservation, add enormously to the national forests, reserved lands for public use, fostered great irrigation projects. Signed legislation adding 5 national parks and 18 national monuments, 100,000 acres of national forests

24
Q

What did Theodore Roosevelt promote

A

conservation of resources for the common good and preservation of the beauty of the land for future generations, a concern that reflected his own interest

25
Q

When was Aldo Leopold influential

A

1887-1948 (most in 1960s)

26
Q

Who was Aldo Leopold

A

conservation ethicist, wildlife ecologist, forester, philosopher, educator, writer

27
Q

What did Aldo Leopold do

A

collection of essays was published as Sand County Almanac. His Land Ethic which extended moral standing to non-human creatures and even soils, water, and the land.

28
Q

How did Aldo Leopold view humans

A

plain members of society

29
Q

When was Lynn White Jr influential

A

1907-1987 (most in 1960s)

30
Q

Who was Lynn White Jr

A

Professor of Medieval History, studied Western Christianity

31
Q

What did Lynn White Jr do

A

Wrote The Historical roots of our ecologic crisis which stated christianity is declared to be anthropocentric in its claims of dominion over nature, cause of ecological crisis

32
Q

When did Francis Schaeffer influential

A

1912-1984

33
Q

Who was Francis Schaeffer

A

pastor, theologian, philosopher

34
Q

What did Francis Schaeffer do

A

Wrote a book, pollution and the death of man, arguing against those who said that ecologic crisis was caused by Christians but also not letting the church off the hook. Argued for active Christian involvement in politics and culture

35
Q

When was joseph sittler influential

A

1904-1987

36
Q

Who was joseph sittler

A

preacher ( americal lutheran theologian)

37
Q

What did joseph sittler do

A

preacher and taught at divinity school of the university of chicago. credited with pioneering the links between Christian theology and ecological thought

38
Q

What did joseph sittler insist

A

care for the earth and its environment is central concern of the Christian reglion

39
Q

Who did joseph sittler insist received moral standing

A

non humans on biblical grounds and affirmed the concept of cosmic redemption

40
Q

When was calvin Beisner influential

A

19??-present

41
Q

Who was Calving Beisner

A

theologian and economist (author, pastor, college professor, seminar speaker)

42
Q

What did Calvin Beisner find

A

the Cornwall alliance for the stewardship of creation

43
Q

What did Calvin Beisner draft

A

the cornwall declaration on environmental stewardship

44
Q

What did Calvin beisner believe

A

humanity alone of all the created order is capable of developing other resources and can thus enrich creation. Humans are most valuable resource on earth. God can be glorified through a world in which humans care for all creatures, widespread economic freedom.

45
Q

When was Wendell Berry influential

A

1934-present

46
Q

Who was Wendell Berry

A

prolific writer cultural and economic critic, farmer

47
Q

What did Wendell Berry do

A

Proponent of sustainable agriculture, living in community, connection to place, local economics, value of work. criticizes christian organizations that are complacent about environmental degradation. destruction of nature is the most horrid blasphemy

Environmental Ethics (2 decks)

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