test 1

Question 1

template model for patterns

Answer 1

• like barcode, scantron

- inefficient, irregular world, strict match

Question 2

feature model of patterns

Answer 2

• neisser, spot the z study
• lettvin, frogs eye
• hubel and wiesel, cats eye

Question 3

top down processing

Answer 3

• process whole object first
• influenced by knowledge
• avant and lydall, easier to mask yob than boy
• reicher, word superiority effect
• top down overrides repetition blindness

Question 4

object recognition model of patterns

Answer 4

• objects made up of geons which we match to memory
• bottom up
• experience affects perception
• whole can be processed as fast as parts

Question 5

prosopagnosia

Answer 5

• cant recognize faces

- the man who mistook his wife for a hat

Question 6

apperceptive agnosia

Answer 6

cannot recognize whole patterns

Question 7

associative agnosia

Answer 7

can combine features into whole but not associate with meaning

Question 8

space based endogenous attention

Answer 8

internally direct attention

Question 9

space based exogenous attention

Answer 9

attention directed by external cue

Question 10

object based attention

Answer 10

lavie and driver, processed faster if on same line, overrides space based attention

Question 11

filter (broadbent) vs attentuation (treisman) theory

Answer 11

• only process information we are attending to (disproved by shadowing task)
• significant words will be processed regardless of whether you’re paying attention

Question 12

mental lexicon

Answer 12

-made up of logogens (word genesis), one for each word we know

Question 13

how many neurons are in the brain

Answer 13

100 billion

Question 14

parts of a neuron

Answer 14

nucleus>soma>axon(transfers information)>myelin sheath(insulator with gaps called nodes of ranvier>dendrite>synapse(where axon and dendrites connect)

Question 15

action potential

Answer 15

electrical change from negative to positive

Question 16

long term potentiation

Answer 16

change in the ease that connected neurons fire

Question 17

thalamus

Answer 17

gateway to cortex, all messages pass through

Question 18

corpus callosum

Answer 18

bridge between left and right hemisphere of brain

Question 19

4 lobes of cortex

Answer 19

frontal- executive function, keeping track of information
parietal- attention
occipital- vision
temporal- language

Question 20

contralaterality

Answer 20

control of each side of body is by opposite hemisphere

Question 21

left hemisphere of brain controls

Answer 21

language, reading, etc

Question 22

right hemisphere controls

Answer 22

patterns, faces, spatial, etc

Question 23

dorsal stream vs ventral stream

Answer 23

where vs what

Question 24

most cones are found in

Answer 24

foveal area

Question 25

saccades

Answer 25

movement of eyes from one fixation point to another

Question 26

fixation

Answer 26

eyes pause to foveate and gather information

Question 27

how long does it take to encode something in sensory memory

Answer 27

1/20th of a second, 50 milliseconds

Question 28

how long do sensory memories last

Answer 28

1/4 of a second, 250 milliseconds

Question 29

energy mask

Answer 29

- flash of light, white noise | - occurs with monocular and binocular but not dichoptic (mask on one eye, target on other)

Question 30

pattern mask

Answer 30

- has features | - effective with mono, bi and dichoptic

Question 31

backward masking

Answer 31

target then mask

Question 32

forward masking

Answer 32

mask then target

Question 33

when is energy masking strongest

Answer 33

when shown at same time as target

Question 34

when is pattern mask strongest

Answer 34

backward masking | 100 ms after target

Question 35

resource theory of attention

Answer 35

yerkes-dodson law (performance/arousal) | kahneman (limited, flexible)

Question 36

automaticity schneider schiffrin

Answer 36

automatic (fast, does not require resource, shmoop, can have multiple tasks going, can improve with practice) controlled (require resources, multiple tasks will interfere with each other)