Test 1 C11-16 (Bush) 20-23 (C&A)

Question 1

A CD, DVD, hard drive, flash drive, or cloud-based is used to _____________.

Answer 1

archive files

Question 2

The _____ represents zero or one.

Answer 2

bit

Question 3

In computer language, a byte is _________.

Answer 3

8 bits

Question 4

MAC-OS and Windows are two different __________ systems.

Answer 4

operating

Question 5

A computer first uses its ________________ program when it is turned on.

Answer 5

bootstrap

Question 6

What is the form of radiology that allows for the transfer of images to remote sites for interpretation?

Answer 6

teleradiology

Question 7

T or F: Word, Excel, iTunes, and Spider Solitaire are application programs.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

T of F: In computer language a single binary digit, 0 or 1, is called a byte.

Answer 8

false

Question 9

Computed radiography screens respond to radiation with ______________________.

Answer 9

photostimulable luminescence

Question 10

A photostimulable phosphor in a metastable state will emit light ________________.

Answer 10

immediately, when stimulated by light, and over time

Question 11

The computed radiography cassette is called a(n) ______________ receptor.

Answer 11

imaging

Question 12

The four steps of creating an image with computed radiography are ______________.

Answer 12

metastable state, stimulate, read, and erase

Question 13

The output signal from the photostimulable phosphor plate is converted from analog to digital by the ________________.

Answer 13

computer controls

Question 14

The principal source of noise in computed radiography is ____________________.

Answer 14

scatter radiation

Question 15

The computed radiography image has _____________________.

Answer 15

wide exposure latitude and improved contrast resolution

Question 16

The laser beam must be less than 100 µm in diameter in order to maintain ________.

Answer 16

high spatial resolution

Question 17

_____________ is prevented by flooding the erased imaging plate with bright light.

Answer 17

ghosting

Question 18

T or F: IPs should be used soon after the erase cycle has been completed.

Answer 18

true

Question 19

Digital radiography is best described by which three elements?

Answer 19

Capture, coupling, and collection

Question 20

In digital radiography, the visible image results when the _______________ is scanned by a laser beam.

Answer 20

pixel detector

Question 21

In digital radiography, the brightness of the image is determined by _______________.

Answer 21

pixel values

Question 22

In CR, the capture element is the _____________.

Answer 22

photostimulable phosphor (PSP)

Question 23

What is the most recent development in digital radiography image receptors?

Answer 23

Direct capture solid state devices

Question 24

In digital radiography, spatial resolution is improved with increased _____________.

Answer 24

matrix size

Question 25

The dynamic range determines the degree of __________________ in the image.

Answer 25

contrast resolution

Question 26

Spatial resolution is determined by the ratio of ________________ to ____________.

Answer 26

field of view; matrix size

Question 27

One advantage of DR over scanned projection radiography is __________________________.

Answer 27

shorter exposure time

Question 28

T or F: Digital radiography is best described by three elements—capture, archiving, and storage.

Answer 28

false

Question 29

T or F: CsI/CCD is an indirect DR process by which x-rays are converted first to light and then to an electronic signal.

Answer 29

true

Question 30

T or F: CsI/a-Si is an indirect DR process by which x-rays are converted first to light and then to an electronic signal.

Answer 30

true

Question 31

T or F: Spatial resolution in DR is pixel unlimited.

Answer 31

false

Question 32

The two principal characteristics of a medical image are _______________________.

Answer 32

spatial resolution and contrast resolution

Question 33

Spatial frequency is used to describe the quality of spatial resolution in terms of _____________.

Answer 33

line pairs

Question 34

In digital imaging, spatial resolution is ultimately limited by ___________________.

Answer 34

pixel size

Question 35

As spatial frequency increases, the object size _____ and the spatial resolution _____.

Answer 35

decreases; increases

Question 36

If there were such thing as a perfect imaging system, the MTF would be equal to ________.

Answer 36

one

Question 37

A _______________ test tool is used to acquire data for an MTF curve.

Answer 37

bar pattern

Question 38

The human visual system can distinguish ________ shades of gray.

Answer 38

30

Question 39

The number of gray shades that an imaging system can reproduce is called its ________________.

Answer 39

dynamic range

Question 40

The bit capacity of each pixel identifies the ___________ of a digital imaging system.

Answer 40

dynamic range

Question 41

The ________________ digital imaging system uses the highest dynamic range.

Answer 41

mammography

Question 42

The portion of useful image-forming x-rays is referred to as the ___________.

Answer 42

signal

Question 43

Recent studies have shown that denser breast tissue is best imaged with _____________________.

Answer 43

digital mammography

Question 44

As mAs is increased the signal-to-noise ratio is ____________.

Answer 44

increased

Question 45

Image detail is also called _______________________.

Answer 45

spatial resolution

Question 46

Of all radiographic imaging systems, _____________ has the best contrast resolution.

Answer 46

computed tomography

Question 47

It is __________of the scope of practice of a radiologic technologist to use post-exposure shuttering, cropping, electronic collimation or electronic masking to eliminate any anatomical information.

Answer 47

outside

Question 48

any part of the radiographic image that is not part of the signal is known as what?

Answer 48

noise

Question 49

What are the prime exposure factors?

Answer 49

kVp, mAs, and SID

Question 50

Changes in kVp affect all of the following, except _______________.

Answer 50

number of electrons boiled off the filament

Question 51

An increase in mAs causes ______________ in beam quality and ___________ in beam intensity.

Answer 51

no change; an increase

Question 52

There is a direct relationship between the quantity of x-rays and the _______________.

Answer 52

milliamperage

Question 53

If mAs is increased from 20 mAs to 40 mAs, the patient dose will _____________.

Answer 53

be doubled

Question 54

Beam penetrability is increased if ________ is/are increased.

Answer 54

kVp

Question 55

At least a _____% change in mAs is necessary to produce a visible change in the image.

Answer 55

30

Question 56

Patient thickness should be measured with the _______.

Answer 56

caliper

Question 57

The small focal spot will provide a _______.

Answer 57

finer detail of image

Question 58

Added filtration has the effect of __________ the beam quality and ________ patient dose.

Answer 58

increasing; reducing

Question 59

List the following tissues in order from the most radiolucent to the most radiopaque.

Answer 59

lung, fat, muscle, bone

Question 60

Which medical condition may require a lower technique?

Answer 60

emphysema

Question 61

When only the intensity needs to be changed, only the _______ should be adjusted.

Answer 61

mAs

Question 62

Sharpness of detail can be improved by increasing _________.

Answer 62

SID

Question 63

Foreshortening is caused by a(n) _________________________________.

Answer 63

angled body part when the beam is perpendicular to the image receptor

Question 64

With automatic exposure techniques the exposure is terminated when the optimum _____ is reached.

Answer 64

OD (optical density)

Question 65

Patient factors include ___________________.

Answer 65

anatomical thickness and body composition

Question 66

Which body habitus indicates an average patient?

Answer 66

sthenic

Question 67

Patient thickness affects radiographic technique by affecting ____________.

Answer 67

mAs and kVp settings

Question 68

A high quality radiographic image should always demonstrate ____________.

Answer 68

structures and tissues

Question 69

_________ is defined as the ability to image two separate objects and visually detect one from the other.

Answer 69

Resolution

Question 70

What is the formula for the magnification factor?

Answer 70

MF = (SID/SOD)

Question 71

Subject contrast is affected by ___________.

Answer 71

patient thickness

Question 72

T or F: Radiographic technique charts embedded in the operating console are based on hypersthenic patients.

Answer 72

false

Question 73

T or F: Patient thickness should not be guessed.

Answer 73

true

Question 74

T or F: Foreshortening of the image is when the anatomical part appears smaller than normal.

Answer 74

true