Test 1 - esophagus

Question 1

difficulty swallowing due to parasym disfunction

Answer 1

dysphagia

Question 2

heartburn causes what

Answer 2

lower esophageal tissues to change to columnar

Question 3

non neoplastic constriction of the lumen

Answer 3

stenosis (most often acquired)

Question 4

webs occuring in the upper esophagus

Answer 4

plummer vinson syndrome

Question 5

rings occuring in the lower esophagus

Answer 5

schatzski rings

Question 6

failure to relax the lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 6

achalasia

Question 7

axial or sliding of the stomach into the chest cavity

Answer 7

hiatal hernia

• symptoms: increase with coughing, being in lying position, bending over

Question 8

outpouching of the layers of the esophageal wall

Answer 8

diverticulosis

Question 9

pulsion diverticulum occurs where

Answer 9

upper esophagus

Question 10

traction diverticulum occurs where

Answer 10

hilum of the lung

Question 11

tear or cut in the esophagus

Answer 11

lacerations

5-10% upper GI bleeding

Question 12

varicose veins in the lower esophagus

• 2/3 cases result from cirrhosis
• produces massive hemorrhage and hemetemesis (vomiting blood)

Answer 12

esophageal verices

Question 13

inflammation of the esophagus

• most often involves reflux esphagitis
• may be causes by other systemic conditions: decrease in LES tone

Answer 13

esophagitis

Question 14

squamous epithelium is replaced by metaplastic (columnar) epithelium

• results from esophagitis
• complicates peptic ulcer and adenocarcinoma

Answer 14

barret’s esophagus

Question 15

most common tumor of esophagus

usually occurs in middle 1/3

cells are well differentiated with keratin pearls

Answer 15

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 16

reflux esophagitis -> barrets esophagus -> ______

distal 1/3 of esophagus

later appears polypoidal, infiltrative and ulcerative

Answer 16

adenocarcinoma