Who wrote “I wondered lonely as a cloud”?
Wordsworth
Who wrote “My Heart Leaps up”?
Wordsworth
Who wrote “the world is too much with us”?
Wordsworth
Who wrote “Tintern abbey”?
Wordsworth
Who wrote “bright star”?
Keats
Who wrote “ode on melancholy”?
Keats
Who wrote “Mutability”?
Percy Shelley
Who wrote Frankenstein?
Mary Shelley
In “My Heart Leaps up” the speaker gets excited by what?
a rainbow
In “my heart leaps up” the rainbow makes the speaker think about these times in his life:
past, present, future
In “my heart leaps up” the speaker wants to die if he can’t:
appreciate nature (specifically rainbows)
In “my heart leaps up” the speaker wants:
his heart to feel wander at the sight of nature (or specifically rainbows)
In “my heart leaps up” because of his response to rainbows, the speaker wants his days connected by:
natural piety
In “my heart leaps up” the speaker’s response to a rainbow connects child and man because:
the speaker is reminded of different times in his own life, reminiscing on his past from the perspective of a man seeing the same beauty in nature he did as a child
In “my heart leaps up” the speaker says his “heart leaps up” when he sees a rainbow because:
he is reminded of the wander he felt when he was young and simultaneously looks forward to the future z
What word indicates romanticism in Wordsworth’s phrase, “I wandered lonely as a cloud”? Why?
wander; there’s no destination, which is impt to romantic mindset (which is opposite of enlightenment, which is about the destination); Romantics big on wandering as a metaphor for a journey or process
Overall, Wordsworth is appreciating what in “I wondered lonely as a cloud”?
nature
What does Wordsworth indicate when he says he’s “Lonely as a cloud”?
he’s by himself, because clouds don’t have goals and go wherever nature takes them, he goes wherever nature takes him
How many daffodils are mentioned in “i wondered lonely as a cloud”?
a whole bunch
In “i wondered lonely as a cloud” the “dancing” daffoldils are
moving in the breeze
In “ i wondered lonely as a cloud” how Wordsworth play with our expectations to make a point?
we expect motion from water, not flowers, but the motion of the flowers is more beautiful
what does jocund mean?
cheerful
What does the colon at the end of stanza 3 in “i wondered lonely as a cloud” do?
it makes “wealth” more than just moment seeing flowers, but remembering daffodils makes him continuously happy and there’s more than just the moment with the flowers and in nature
What’s the theme of “i wondered lonely as a cloud”?
there’s pleasure to be gained in reflection :
pleasure from nature isn’t just one moment, but it can be remembered again and again and can give pleasure for a lifetime, BEYOND ACTUAL EXPERIENCE
Why is the message in “i wondered lonely as a cloud” a big deal?
- experience allows us to connect with Words. experience
- reminds us of nature in midst of industrial revolution, it’s the romantic’s response to the industrial revol
- people are so caught up in manmade devices, not nature
What’s the backdrop for Wordsworth and other romantics?
people are so caught up in manmade devices, not nature
Why do romantics become troubled?
it’s harder to find true, wild, unmaintained, unkept nature
What’s an explanation of “I wondered lonely as a cloud”?
timeless and seemingly simple, yet about lasting power of simplicity during a time when society began working harder to innovate to create joy, yet joy can be created
Poetry can have what kind of agenda? What’s an example?
a political agenda, ex: “i wondered lonely as a cloud” says people need more pretty flowers, not just in the moment, but for a lifetime
To romantics, the world is:
Regarding nature, romantics want us to:
- immoral and distrustful
2. regain capacity to worship nature
In “the world is too much with us” what phrase does wordsworth use to clearly make point?
“It moves us not”
In “the world is too much with us” why isn’t nature described as calm and peaceful?
WW wants to reveal power in nature, and that, even when nature puts on a show, society doesn’t pay attention
In “the world is too much with us” the phrase “great God” is an example of:
irony
In “the world is too much with us” Wordsworth wants to see:
nature personified, but REALLY spiritual connection in nature; overall, he wants to return to a relationship with nature that is bigger (more worthy of respect and awe) than pure scientific fact
What does, kind of according to WW in “the world is too much with us” a “sense of wander” require?
a sense of innocence
Overall, what does WW wish for himself and for the world in “the world is too much with us”?
the ability to see beyond the superficial
In “my heart leaps up” what does WW mean by “natural piety”?
devotion (not necessarily to God)
Is it possible to reference stories and ideas without believing in them? AKA:
yes, don’t assume author had christian faith
What does WW mean in “my heart leaps up” by the phrase, “bound each to each by natural piety”?
his life is bound together (connected) by devotion to nature
What is a visible sign of WW’s devotion to nature in “my heart leaps up”?
WW’s excitement over the rainbow
What does WW mean by the phrase “the child is father of the man” in “my heart leaps up”?
what shaped him as a child shapes him as an adult
What is main theme of “my heart leaps up”?
don’t lose sight and devotion for nature as you (and the world/society) mature and develop
What does WW believe is the way not to grow old and senile, according to “my heart leaps up”?
have natural piety, which apparently comes natural to us
What is the speaker doing in Keats’ “Bright Star”?
listening to love breathing while she sleeps; he’s staring at a star
In “bright star” the star is :
the speaker wishes he was :
constant (same for both)
In “bright star”, by Keats, the star is:
not only alone, but someone set apart for religious purposes
In “bright star” Keats wants :
the star’s qualities without the star’s circumstances
The hermit reference in “bright star” allows Keats to build :
vivid contrast between the star and himself
Why is “bright star” different than other love poems?
it’s about speaker, not celebration of loved one
In the Enlightenment, thinkers dealt with the :
more about the :
objective (facts, details), community
Romantics dealt with the :
more about:
subjective, personal, (not about community)
What’s an example of subjective thinking?
The same things can happen in a classroom, but indiv experience varies
What did Romantics also value? What did they assume?
emotion, assumed 1 person’s subjective experience has universal appeal
Is “bright star” a love poem?
sorta… it’s more about MOMENT the speaker loves, that the girlfriend happens to be in
Why does speaker want to die in “bright star” ?
after the moment, everything pales in comparison
The speaker loves:
not necessarily :
(in “bright star”)
feeling of loving girl, not necessarily girl
in “bright star” the star is equally as devoted to watching:
as speaker is to watching:
earth, witnessing moment
What’s a contrast that can be made between the speaker and the star in “bright star”?
speaker’s feelings are a physical sensation/experience, while the star is separate to the things he watches over
What could be argued about the speaker’s experiences in “bright star”?
that they are holy
In “bright star” is the girl participating?
no
Is the speaker in “bright star” lonely?
no, there’s a difference between being lonely and being alone (but perhaps the speaker was lonely at one time)
What does the simplicity of “bright star” offer?
multiple ideas of backstory and meaning
What’s melancholy?
being down, sadness
What’s the main point of the poem “Ode to Melancholy” by Keats?
when you’re sad, don’t kill yourself
What’s the main point of stanza two of “ode to melancholy”?
look at beautiful things in nature
What does Keats liken melancholy to?
rain, which helps flowers bloom
AKA: something beautiful comes out of rain/melancholy
What does Keats say to do when sad (if girlfriend’s around)?
says to hold girlfriend’s hands and stare at beauty of her eyes and don’t necessarily listen to her when she’s angry FOCUS ON BEAUTY BEHIND ANGER
What’s the big idea of Keats’ “ode to melancholy’?
when sadness falls, find something beautiful to focus on
Whats the main point of stanza 3 of Keats “ode to melancholy”
Why is this applicable?
beauty, joy, pleasure, delight all live with sadness
hard to tell if something is good/beautiful if you don’t have opposite to compare it to. AKA while sadness is fleeting, beauty and happiness are also fleeting
According to Keats in “ode to melancholy” what happens if you overdo it?
good thing will no longer be good
What’s an example of something that doesn’t last forever in Keats “ode to melancholy”?
squishing grape in mouth
Overall takeaway for “ode to melancholy”?
appreciate melancholy because it won’t last forever but also, happiness won’t as well
How did keats treat sadness as in ode to melancholy?
didn’t wallow in it, believed in moving on
What’s mutability?
changeability
What’s the main point of stanza 1 of “mutability?
beauty of clouds (like ourselves) doesn’t last forever
What kind of lyre is Shelley talking about in stanza 2 of “mutability”?
acolian harp, (outside, like windchimes, moved through wind to make noise)
What’s the main point of stanza 2 of mutability?
everything changes, nothing is like the last
What’s stanza 3 of mutability talking about?
a dream that flits through your head and you can’t quite let go of it, don’t meditate on thought though
According to Percy shelley in mutability, what’s the one thing we can count on?
change
Compare Mutability to Ode to Melancholy
Keats (OTM): structure, all leaves, but all possible, purpose: to persuade someone not to kill themselves because life can be great too
Shelley (M): random, more negative “life sucks…then you die”, purpose: to educate on life
What are similarities between Ode to Melancholy and Mutability?
we’re isolated, even girlfriends are props in our lives
What does sublime mean?
inspires great admiration and awe
What is WW doing in first stanza of Tintern Abbey?
setting scene
What’s important in the first stanza of Tin Abb?
five years have passed
What have the years been like for WW in Tin Abb?
they haven’t been very good, very long
What did the memory of nature do for WW in Tin Abb?
brought him peace (bc he’s not a city person) and allowed him not to be so burdened by the world
How do you know the extent to how much nature shapes WW in Tin Abb?
repetition of “felt”, “felt”, and “feeling” , AKA nature permeated him so much he doesn’t remember everything that has shaped him (he doesn’t have to)
What kind of a person did nature make WW in Tin Abb?
a moral one, not by doing big things, but small things that simply make him better (such as smiling more at people)
Contrast Tin Abb with “the world is too much with us”
WITMWU: shows negative side and frustration
Tin Abb: more positive, nature helps with these negative feelings
WW, in Tin Abb, basically says the recollecting nature allows sense of () to become (), AKA he becomes () and can see () AKA nature () him
calm, spirit, liven soul, life of things, awakens
What is WW getting from moment with sister in Tin Abb?
he knows he enjoys moment then and that he’ll be able to enjoy it for years to come
Compare the first time WW was at Tin Abb to the next five years later
first time: he was restless, frenzy, not savoring, doesn’t realize future pleasure to come
second time: lost overwhelming frenzy, doesn’t need to escape humanity, he gets how everything fits (nature and humanity) therefore, can see into “life of things”
What is it that nature does for him? (WW in Tin Abb)
anchors him to moral being, teaches him to be moral
In Tin Abb. what creates our experience? How?
What’s an ex?
auditorial and visual senses; what we create when we create experience is bc of how we observe (visually and auditorally) what’s around us
We can all be in the same place and have a different experience
What does senses in Tin. Abb relate to?
subjective vs. objective
Did Romantic writers believe in objective experiences?
yes, it’s not that they didn’t happen, but the subjective is just more impt
When speaker in Tin. Abb looks at sister’s experience, he sees:
himself
What is sister’s name in Tintern Abbey?
Dorothy
What does WW claim happens if you appreciate nature in Tin Abb?
you’ll become impervious to other people’s nasty qualities
In Tinn Abb, what happens if you recieve and love nature?
letting go just kinda happens
What does WW do at the end of Tin Abb?
he promises dorothy (sister) that she’ll learn to look back and recollect nature she’s seen
In Tinn Abb, what does WW claim Dorothy will learn from nature? What does this reinforce?
she’ll learn that this will take her through difficult parts of life, idea that this will be beneficial to him as well
How does Tin Abb relate to Ode to Mel?
when melancholy hits, look at nature (or gf, if you’re keats, but only in the moment and only if you’re mad at her)
What does Keats do in “bright star” regarding experiences?
takes experience about 2 ppl and makes it about 1
Where did romantics get idea that “nature makes us better”?
nature is constant and perpetual, therefore, if you observe it, it must be good and improve morals (this connects to belief shared by romantics that ppl are inherently good at birth
Why does Justine say she lied? How does she feel about this?
bc priest scared her bc the evidence was so strong, says it weighs on her heavier than anything else
How is Elizabeth and Victor selfish in last scene with Justine?
instead of making justine feel better, they focus on their own sorry. Eliz says she’d rather die herself
Who is the only character, basically, with a grip on reality?
Justine
What is an example of Romanticism’s subjective experience? This is an example of what?
eliz and victor, who will be fine, are the 2 who are oblivious to actual tragedy happening to Justine, Shelley showing negative side of romanticism
Why would Shelley want to show negative side of romanticism?
show that characters lack keeping, or perspective
How does Walton apply the idea of lacking keeping to himself?
he doesn’t know how to balance his ideas; he has huge dreams but puts too much energy into executing and not enough into thinking through
How does Victor lack keeping?
he doesn’t know how to balance life with his family and his dedication to his dreams
Who at least recognizes that they need balance?
Walton
Who has keeping in the novel?
Justine
Henry lacks keeping, but it’s because of:
Victor has what kind of lacking of keeping?
external forces, self-inflicted
Why can’t the first mate be Walton’s friend?
he’s uneducated and uncultured; he has wisdom but not knowledge
What does Shelley question shapes somebody?
nature vs nurture
born the way you are vs what you’re shaped into
What was an idea that was impt to Shelley and to other romantics?
nature vs nurture
Who did Romantics look to as noble?
tribal people because they lived closer to nature
What’s an example of a gender dynamic in Frankenstein?
eliz is seen as selfish ;
a man like Victor: driven and passionate
woman like Victor: a bitch
What’s Caroline’s story?
Beaufort (her father) fell into troubles and was selfish and made her work and then Alfonse literally rescued her at her lowest point, comemorates this moment in a painting (kinda like a constant reminder that she owes him)
What is the creature shaped by?
his emotional response to his experience; “feelings which have made me what I am.”
Regarding feelings, what was an important ideal in Romanticism? Who kinda coined this?
feeling is to exist, feelings are supreme, they come first; Rousseau
The creature says he’ll be a better person if he has:
a companion
What’s a possible theme of Frankenstein?
kindness and love accessible to those who give kindness and love to those around them
What does the creature prove through his story?
he has choices
How does Shelley get away with telling her story nature vs nurture?
sets up variables of next best thing, infant mentality in adult superhuman in order to explore nature vs nurture
Romantics thought humans were:
good
Where does creature get idea of romantic relationship?
Felix and Safie, Adam and Even: parallels that show happiness form female companion and love interest
Why don’t Walton and Victor want female companions?
more int in validation from men, not women
don’t believe women can give them intellectual companionship
Why does the creature want a female companion?
females stereotypically provide kindness and softness, which he wants
How does Safie have agency/take responsibility for her life?
escapes father’s plan for her, brings resources with her
could be a model for what women could do for herself, rather than act on wishes of men
Shelley believes that parents have :
great influence on their children
Victor is motivated by what, instead of cruel actions?
pride
Why did Victor destroy the female companion?
doesn’t want them to breed, female could reject the creature, no guarantee the companion would want to be a companion
What are readers possibly supposed to feel for the creature?
sympathy
What idea does Walton become enamoured with? How does he view Victor? Why is he shut down?
granduer of accomplishment, God-like, because he’s not Henry
Why does Walton go home with his crew despite not wanting to?
he’s afraid of a mutiny
What’s the difference between Walton and Victor’s keeping in the end?
they’re both arrogant, but Walton somewhat puts his life into perspective when he turns back (even though it isn’t to find true happiness)
What does the nurse basically tell Victor in the prison? What does she do more than any other character?
life sucks and will get worse, and it’s your fault; she tells Victor the truth, giving him a reality check
What are possible themes of the novel? (4)
dangers of pride
humans can have dual natures
action and consequence
potential to do good vs worst qualities overcoming potential
How does Frankenstein relate to nature?
look to nature for solace, Victor uses nature to escape
How does creature and romantic ideas about nature tie together?
connects to belief that Rom thought ppl are inherently good at birth; creature is a good person until he’s corrupted by human beings
