Test 1 Lab Values Flashcards
(119 cards)
0
Q
RBC Female
A
4.1-5.1 x10^6 cell/microL
1
Q
RBC Male
A
4.5-5.9 x10^6 cell/microL
2
Q
Hgb male
A
14-17.5 g/dL
3
Q
Hgb female
A
12.3-15.3 g/dL
4
Q
Hct male
A
42-50%
5
Q
Hct female
A
36-45%
6
Q
MCV
A
80-96 fL/cell
7
Q
WBC
A
4.4- 11.3 x10^3 cells/microL
8
Q
Plt
A
140-440 x10^3 cell/microL
9
Q
Normal INR
A
0.9-1.1
10
Q
Normal aPTT
A
21-45 sec
11
Q
INR with therapy
A
2-3
12
Q
aPTT with therapy
A
1.5-2.5 times control
13
Q
Neutrophils
A
45-73%
14
Q
Bands
A
3-5%
15
Q
Lymph
A
20-40%
16
Q
Monocytes
A
2-8 %
17
Q
Eosinophils
A
0-4%
18
Q
Basophils
A
0-1%
19
Q
ANC Equation
A
ANC=10xWBCx (%bands+%segs)
20
Q
Normal FPG
A
<100
21
Q
Pre-diabetes FPG
A
100-125
22
Q
Diabetes FPG
A
> 126
23
Q
2-hr post prandial glucose diagnostic of diabetes
A
> 200
24
Self monitoring whole blood glucose
80-120
| Bedtime: 100-140
25
Self monitoring plasma glucose
90-130
| Bedtime 110-140
26
A1c normal
4-5.6%
27
Pre diabetes
FPG 100-125
2 hr post prandial 140-199
A1c 5.7-6.4%
28
Diabetes
FPG >126
2 hr post prandial >200
A1c >6.4%
Random plasma glucose >200
29
Green
Well controlled
| >80% of best PEFR
30
Yellow
Symptomatic
| 50-80% of best PEFR
31
Red
Worsened symptoms
No relief from meds
<50% of best PEFR
32
FEV1/FVC normal
>70%
33
FEV1/FVC COPD
<70%
34
FEV1 normal
>80%
35
FEV1 abnormal/obstruction
<80%
36
COPD Severity ranges
```
FEV1
Mild >80%
Moderate 50-80%
Severe 30-50%
Very severe <30%
```
37
SCr
0.6-1.2 mg/dL
38
BUN
8-23 mg/dL
39
BUN/SCr indicative if decreased renal perfusion & dehydration
>20:1
40
BUN/SCr indicative of intrinsic kidney damage
10:1-20:1
41
Hypovolemic due to
Extrarenal loses: GI, skin, lungs
| Renal losses, Diuretics, adrenal insufficiency
42
Hypervolemic due to
CHF
Cirrhosis
Nephrosis
43
Euvolemic due to
Exclude hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism, renal failure, SIADH
Primary polydipsia, low solute intake
44
Hypovolemia clinical signs
BP drops, HR goes up, dry mucus membranes, decreased capillary refill, decreased blood volume
FENaNa retention
45
Euvolemia clinical signs
Normal blood volume
46
Hypervolemis clinical signs
Increase blood volume, edema, elevated JVD
47
Na
135-145 mEq/L
48
K
3.5-4.5 mEq/L
49
Cl
95-103 mEq/L
50
Drugs that increase ADH
Carbamazepine, chlorpropamide, oxcabaxepine -> syndrome if inappropriate anti diuretic hormone (SIADH)
51
Peaked T waves
#hyperkalemia
52
Loop diuretics are notorious for causing:
Hypokalemia
53
TSH
0.5-5.0 milliunits/L
54
Anti thyroid antibodies positive of hashimotos or graves
>1:1000
55
ACTH <5
ACTH independent
56
ACTH 5-10
Need CRH test
57
ACTH >10
ACTH dependent
58
Primary hypothyroidism
Failure of thyroid to produce TH
59
Secondary hypothyroidism
Failure if anterior pituitary to secrete TSH
60
Tertiary hypothyroidism
Failure if hypothalamus to produce TRH
61
Free T4 test
Represents level of hormone available for uptake.
| Used in conjunction with TSH
62
Total t4 test
Influenced by concentration if binding affinity of thyroid binding protein.
Initial screening
Definite diagnosis of thyroid failure with TSH
63
Total T3 test
Primarily used as an indicator of hyperthyroidism.
Not reliable for hypo.
TBP influences measurement
Diagnose hyper/ severity of hyper
64
TSH test
Usually first indicator of thyroid failure.
Used to adjust dosage.
Wait 6-8 weeks
Identifies problem with pituitary
65
TRH test
Measures ability if exogenous TRH. To stimulate pituitary release TSH.
TRH given IV.
Differentiate secondary from tertiary
66
Decreased cortisol
Addison's
67
Increased cortisol
Cushings
68
Facial plethora
Moon face
69
24 hour urine cortisol
Most specific
Best for screening
Requires serial testing for confirmation
70
Salivary cortisol
Good sensitivity
| Home test performed at midnight
71
Dexamethasone suppression test
Test for cortisol issues.
| Fasting cortisol is drawn
72
Mg
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
73
Ca
9.2-11 mg/dL
74
Phosphate
2.3-4.7 mg/dL
75
Torsades
#hypomagnesemia
76
Amphotericin B causes
Hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia
77
PTH
Increase serum Ca
| Decrease serum phosphate
78
Vitamin D
Increase serum Ca
| Increase phosphate
79
Calcitonin
Decease Ca
| Decease phosphate.
80
Chvostek's and Trousseau's sign
Signs of hypocalcemia
81
Primary volatile acid in the body
CO2
82
Primary base (and buffer)
Bicarbonate
83
What regulates bicarbonate?
Kidneys
84
What regulates PaCO2?
Lungs!
85
Excretion rate of CO2 is dependent on:
Respiration rate & tidal volume
86
Carbonic acid
Respiratory
87
Bicarbonate
Metabolic
88
Metabolic acidosis
Deficit of bicarbonate
89
Metabolic alkalosis
Excess bicarbonate
90
Respiratory acidosis
Excess CO2; lungs fail to excrete CO2
91
Respiratory alkalosis
Deficit of CO2; lungs excrete too much CO2
92
Metabolic
PH & PaCO2 saME direction
93
Respiratory
Ph and PaCO2 diffERent directions
94
Anion Gap calculation helps to:
Determine cause of metabolic acidosis
95
AG EQUATION
AG= Na -(Cl +HCO3-)
96
Normal AG
3-16 mEq/L
97
RBC
1-3/HPF
98
WBC
0-2/HPF
99
Protein
0-trace
100
Urine pH
4.6-8.0
101
Blood, glucose, ketones, leukocyte esterase, nitrite
Negative
102
Leukocyte esterase and nitrite in urine indicates
UTI
103
Ketones in urine indicates
Diabetes or starvation.
104
MCV>100
Macrolytic anemia
| Caused by: b12 deficiency or folate deficiency
105
MCV 81-99
Normolytic anemia
| Caused by: acute blood loss, hemolysis, chronic illness
106
MCV <80
Microlytic anemia
| Caused by iron deficiency
107
ABG
pH/PaCO2/PaO2/HCO3-
108
pH for ABG
7.35-7.44
109
PaCO2
36-44 mmHg
110
PaO2
80-100 mmHg
111
HCO3- ABG
24-30 mmHg
112
CO2
24-30 mEq/L
113
Anion gap
3-16 mEq/L
114
Lactate
0.6-2.2 mEq/L
115
SvO2
>70 mmHg
116
O2 sat
>94%
117
Elevated AG
Mudpies
118
Non elevated AG
Used car
