Test 1: lecture 2

Question 1

4 common respiratory diseases of poultry

Answer 1

Infectious Laryngotracheitis
Avian Pox
Infectious Bronchitis

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (bacteria like organism)

Question 2

infectious laryngeotracheitis is caused by

Answer 2

Gallid herpesvirus type 1 (GaHV-1)

carrier state in the trachea and trigeminal ganglia

attacks chicken, pheasant and peacocks

Question 3

symptoms of infectious laryngotracheitis

Answer 3

decrease in egg production
(no shell quality issues)
high mortality

mild:
mild respiratory disease
conjunctivitis
mucus in trachea

severe:
caseous material or hemorrhage in trachea
peeling of lining of epithelium

intranuclear inclusions

occurs in 3 weeks or older birds

Question 4

peeling of epithelium and caseous material and hemorrhage in the trachea with no shell quality issues in birds older then 3 weeks old

Answer 4

infectious laryngotracheitis

herpes virus

Question 5

what disease

Answer 5

INFECTIOUS LARYNGOTRACHEITIS

caused by herpes virus

causes caseous material, hemorrhage and peeling of epithelial layer of trachea
causes respiratory disease, conjunctivitis

older then 3 weeks old

intranuclear inclusion

decreased egg production

Question 6

what respiratory disease has intranuclear inclusions

Answer 6

infectious laryngotracheitis

herpes virus

Question 7

transmission of infectious laryngotracheitis

Answer 7

poor biosecurity
can flare up with stress

no treatment caused by herpes virus

Question 8

prevention of infectious laryngotracheitis

Answer 8

vaccination of long lived birds (breeders and layers)

maternal antibodies not protective

vectored not as effective as killed or live vaccine

CEO: eyedrop, spray or water; can revert
to virulence and spread; carrier state

TCO: eyedrop, “no spread”; carrier state; low potential to revert to virulence

Recombinant pox vectored or HVT vectored (Marek’s vaccine): injection or in ovo – does not cause a carrier state; no increase in pathogenicity; no transmission between birds

Question 9

types of vaccines for infectious laryngotracheitis

Answer 9

vaccines grown in chicken embryo origin (CEO) and Tissue Culture Origin (TCO)

engineered vaccines: pox vector (does not work as well)

Question 10

Answer 10

dry pox

Question 11

types of poxvirus infect —

Answer 11

different species

Turkey pox / turkeys
* Fowl pox / chickens
* Quail pox / quail
* Pigeon pox / pigeons

Question 12

two forms of avian pox

Answer 12

Diphtheritic (wet pox) – trachea/esophagus

Cutaneous (dry pox)

Question 13

histopath of avian pox

Answer 13

Intracytoplasmic
eosinophilic inclusion bodies

Question 14

what respiratory disease has Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies

Answer 14

avian pox

Question 15

transmission of avian pox

Answer 15

horizontal

Laceration/injury of the skin

Biting insects: e.g., mosquitoes

Mechanical transmission: Artificial
Insemination in turkeys

Contaminated environment - scabs

Question 16

control of avian pox

Answer 16

live vaccincation

wingweb application in chickens

thigh application for turkeys

fowl + pigeon pox for varient strains

Question 17

signs of infectious bronchitis

Answer 17

Respiratory – Dyspnea, nasal exudate

Renal – High mortality, watery diarrhea/ diuresis, depression

Reproductive – Loss of egg production, wrinkled shelled eggs

caused by gamma coronavirus

Question 18

lesions caused by infectious bronchitis

Answer 18

Respiratory – Mucoid tracheitis

Renal - Swollen kidneys, excessive urates

Reproductive – decreased ova development (wrinkled shelled eggs)

caused by coronavirus

Question 19

what respiratory disease

Answer 19

infectious bronchitis

1st exposure leads to foamy

can then get 2ndary bacterial infection→ caseous material around heart and liver

Question 20

what happens to egg during infectious bronchitis

Answer 20

pale wrinkled eggs

white very “watery”

Question 21

what caused this

Answer 21

infectious bronchitis

attacks the kidneys and causes urate formation

Question 22

how to cause false layer syndrome

Answer 22

bronchitis that infects very young birds and causes damage to ovoduct

Question 23

transmission of infectious bronchitis

Answer 23

NOT vertical

aerosol, shed from cecal tonsils in
carrier birds for months

Question 24

treatment for infectious bronchitis

Answer 24

none- coronavirus

can try to prevent secondary bacterial infections

Question 25

vaccination for infectious bronchitis

Answer 25

type of corona virus- mutates frequently will vaccinate layers and breeders with live and killed vacines broilers: will do hatchery vaccination

Question 26

what are some common vaccine reactions---

Answer 26

reaction to live vaccines foamy air sacs caseous plugs in the trachea

Question 27

--- is a bacterial like organism with no cell wall

Answer 27

mycoplasma gallisepticum

Question 28

which respiratory disease is spead by vertical transmission

Answer 28

mycoplasma gallisepticum

Question 29

what to do with broilers that are infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum

Answer 29

depopulate

Question 30

what to do with turkeys that are infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum

Answer 30

depopulate

Question 31

what to do with layer breeder that are infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum

Answer 31

depopulate

Question 32

what to do with pullets that are infected with mycoplasma gallisepticum

Answer 32

vaccinate before travel to layer farm that has history of + mycoplasma

Question 33

grossly what will mycoplasma gallisepticum look like

Answer 33

caseous material in air sacs, and trachea

Question 34

what happens to turkeys with mycoplasma

Answer 34

infectious sinusitis infraorbital sinus filled with mucous

Question 35

treatment for mycoplasma

Answer 35

depopulation medications- still carriers vaccinations: live vaccine more effective then killed

Question 36

3 live vaccines for mycoplasma

Answer 36

Live vaccines: F strain 6/85 Ts-11 killed- not used, not as effective

Question 37

spread of mycoplasma

Answer 37

wild birds (finches) vertical transmission horizontal transmission poor bio security