Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANAP 520 > TEST 1: MICROCIRCULATION > Flashcards

TEST 1: MICROCIRCULATION Flashcards

(74 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Blood vessels are divided into 3 layers called _____

A

Tunics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Outer most layer of the blood vessel

A

Tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Middle layer of the blood vessel is the tunica _______

A

Tunica Media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inner most layer of the blood vessel is the Tunica ______

A

Tunica Intima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Large blood vessels need their own blood supply which is called what?

A

Vaso vasorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Type of nerve that innervates the smooth muscle of blood vessels

A

Sympathetic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Made up of connective tissue; anchors the blood vessel down

A

Tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

These two things make up the tunica media

A

External elastic membrane

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Allows BV to recoil to original state; keeps elastic/firm

A

External elastic membrane (of tunica media)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Smooth muscle of the tunica media is what gives the ability for the BV to _______ and _________.

A

Dilate and Constrict

More muscle = more ability to dilate/constrict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 parts that make up the tunica intima

A

Internal elastic membrane
Lamina propria
Basement membrane
Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fxn of internal elastic membrane

A

Same as external, allows BC to recoil to original state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Smooth muscle and connective tissue layer of the tunica intima

A

Lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Provides support to the inner most layer of the tunica intima, the endothelium.

A

Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Layer of the BV in direct contact with the blood

A

Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Two basic types of arteries

A

Large elastic artery

Muscular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This type of artery is composed mostly of (tunica media) elastic tissue to allow recoil when stretched

A

Large elastic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

This type of artery has a very thick tunica media layer of smooth muscle so it can dilate and constrict; control blood flow

A

Muscular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Veins tend to be _______ than arteries

A

Thinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Veins do have some ________ so they can dilate and constrict, but not as much as arteries

A

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Veins have ______ that allow for one way flow to propel blood back to the heart

A

Valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Large arteries > medium arteries > smallarteries > arterioles > _________ >__________

A

Metarterioles

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Known as “exchange vessels”; very well adapted for exchange of O2, nutrients, and fluid.

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Capillaries are composed of a _______ and endothelial cells; provides structure.

A

Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Capillaries have a very small diameter; so _______ have to line up to pass through
RBC's
26
________ of RBC to enter capillary favors release of O2 to interstitial and cells; reason why they need to be a certain shape and pliable.
Compression
27
Arterioles turn into metarterioles, which turn into what?
Capillary network
28
This allows for unobstructed blood flow all the way from the arterial end of the capillary network, to the venous end.
Thoroughfare channels
29
Bands of smooth muscle wrapped around capillaries; used to constrict/dilate to regulate bloodflow through capillary network
Precapillary sphincter
30
What determines whether the precapillary sphincter constricts or dilates?
The O2 demand of the tissue supplied by the capillary network
31
If tissue supplied by a capillary network is in highly metabolic, large O2 demand, the precapillary sphincters will CONSTRICT/RELAX.
RELAX
32
What is the point of relaxation of precapillary sphincters when O2 demand etc is high?
Allows more blood flow and more O2/nutrients are delivered to the tissue
33
If tissue supplied by network is not very metabolic, not requiring much O2, precapillary sphincters will CONSTRICT/DILATE.
CONSTRICT
34
What happens when precapillary sphincters are constricted to the tissue they supply?
Blood is shunted elsewhere where it is needed more.
35
What are some vasodilators that cause precapillary sphincters to relax
``` CO2 Lactate Histamine Adenosine K+ H+ Decreased pH Decreased glucose in tissues Nitric oxide Etc ```
36
Blood pressure decreased as it moves throughout the vascular system. TRUE/FALSE.
TRUE
37
Decreasing blood pressure throughout the vascular system allows for ________ blood flow, down a pressure gradient.
One way
38
There is no systolic or diastolic pressure beyond the _________ level; one pressure, one number.
Capillary
39
As blood approaches the heart via the vena cava; pressure approaches ______.
Zero
40
Objective of the arterial end of the capillary is _________; movement of fluid from capillary to interstitium.
Filtration
41
There are ____ pressures that favor/oppose filtration.
4
42
Pressure fluid is placing on the walls of the capillary.
Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure (CHP)
43
CHP favors ________.
Filtration
44
Negative interstitial fluid pressure favors ________ of fluid from the capillary to the _________.
Filtration Interstitium
45
Negative IFP is caused by what?
Terminal lymphatic vessels
46
Terminal lymphatic vessels sit right outside of capillaries and transport fluid from the lymphatic system to the _______ veins and eventually back to circulation.
Subclavian veins
47
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (PCOP) ________ filtration; composed of proteins, primarily ______; favors holding fluid in the _______.
OPPOSES filtration Albumin Capillary
48
The proteins present in the interstitial fluid account for this pressure
Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure (IFCOP)
49
Under normal conditions, proteins are too large to move across pores in capillaries, so they stay in the vascular system; but some do get to the interstitial compartment. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
50
Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure IFCOP favors _________.
Filtration
51
How to calculate net arterial FILTRATION pressure
Outward minus inward | CHP+ -IFP+ IFCOP) - (PCOP
52
Objective at the venous end of the capillary is _________ of fluid back into capillary.
Reabsorption
53
Capillary hydrostatic pressure CHP will INCREASE/DECREASE at the venous end of the capillary. Why?
DECREASE Fluid was filtered out on the arterial end
54
How to calculate net venous reabsorption pressure
Inward minus outward PCOP - (CHP+-IFP+IFCOP)
55
What prevents accumulation of fluid in the interstitium when net filtration pressure is greater than reabsorption pressure?
Terminal lymphatic vessels
56
What are 3 things that could increase CHP?
Increased blood pressure Increased vascular volume HF/increased CVP
57
Increased CHP at the arterial side favors _______
Filtration
58
Increased CHP on the venous side of the capillary bed opposes ________
Reabsorption
59
The net effect of increased CHP is what 2 things?
Interstitial edema Decreased vascular volume
60
In what condition is increased CHP and interstitial edema a compensatory mechanism to decrease vascular volume
HF
61
What might cause decreased CHP? (2)
Decreased BP Decreased vascular volume
62
Decreased CHP at the arterial side of the capillary opposes ________; at the venous side, it favors _______.
Opposes filtration Favors reabsorption
63
Net effect of decreased CHP
More volume stays in the systemic circulation
64
What can cause decreased PCOP
Hypoalbuminemia
65
What are two things that can cause hypoalbuminemia?
Malnutrition Liver disease
66
Decreased PCOP favors ___________ at the arterial end and opposes _________ at the venous end.
Favors filtration Opposes reabsorption
67
Net effect of decreased PCOP
Interstitial edema Decreased vascular volume
68
Leaky capillaries and loss of albumin to interstitial fluid increases _________ pressure.
IFCOP
69
What are 3 possible causes of increased IFCOP; cause increased capillary permeability
Sepsis Traumatic injury Severe burns
70
Increased IFCOP at the arterial side of the capillary favors _______ ; opposes _________ at the venous end
Favors filtration Opposes reabsorption
71
Net effect of increased IFCOP
Interstitial edema Decreased vascular volume
72
To treat increased IFCOP; your should give albumin. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE Need to wait until inflammatory response comes down, then can give albumin
73
What could cause lymphatic obstruction?
Central line Tumor Cancer Lymphadenectomy
74
Lymphatic obstruction allows for accumulation of ___________ in the interstitial space bc dont have terminal lymphatics sucking up fluid.
Albumin (and fluid)

ANAP 520 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions