Test #1 Periodic Table

Question 1

Atomic number

Answer 1

The protons in the nucleus and electrons for natural atoms

Question 2

Mass number

Answer 2

The sum of protons in neutrons

Question 3

Cation

Answer 3

Positive charge, if a neutral atom loses, one or more electrons, it became a cation

Question 4

Anion

Answer 4

Negative charge, atom gains, one or more electron then it becomes an anion

Question 5

Periodic table group 1

Answer 5

Alkali metals

Question 6

Periodic table group 2

Answer 6

Alkaline earth metals

Question 7

Periodic table group 17

Answer 7

Halogens

Question 8

Periodic table group 18

Answer 8

Noble gases

Question 9

Transition metals

Answer 9

All the others

Question 10

Metalloid

Answer 10

Elements that are around the staircase

Question 11

Alpha particle

Answer 11

Composite particles consisting of two protons, and two neutrons tightly bonded together

Question 12

Beta particle 

Answer 12

High energy high speed, electron aura positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atom nucleus

Question 13

Gamma ray

Answer 13

Cause ionizations that damaged tissue and DNA

Question 14

What is a mass spectrometer used for?

Answer 14

To identify unknown compounds via molecular weight determination 

Question 15

What is nuclear decay?

Answer 15

The news, July release energy in the form of ionization radiation

Question 16

What is a radioisotope? 

Answer 16

Radioactive isotope of an element

Question 17

Modern atomic theory

Answer 17

Bohrs model of the atom

Question 18

Electron transitions

Answer 18

When an atom is given energy electrons absorb the energy and can jump from their ground state to a higher energy level “excited state”

Question 19

Flaws to bohr  model

Answer 19

Each energy level is actually made up of energy sublevels

Question 20

Who discovered the uncertainty principle theory

Answer 20

Werner Heisenberg 

Question 21

What was the purpose of the uncertainty principle?

Answer 21

Electrons are now described as being in probabilities electron clouds around the nucleus, called orbitals

Question 22

How much does an orbital hold?

Answer 22

2 e-

Question 23

What does each sublevel hold?

Answer 23

S - 2
P - 6
D - 10
F - 14

Question 24

Aufbau principal

Answer 24

Electrons occupy orbitals of lower energy first

Question 25

Pauli principle

Answer 25

An orbital can hold only two electrons, and they must have opposite

Question 26

Hunds rule

Answer 26

The same sublevel will not pair up until all of the orbitals in that sublevel have at least 1 e

Question 27

Ion review

Answer 27

Adams can gain or lose electrons to become more stable Cat ions have lost electrons to become positive And ions have gained electrons to become negative Valence electrons are the most electrons in an atom Adam lose or gain electrons to get a stable “octet”

Question 28

Atomic radius trend

Answer 28

Across a period - decreases from L to R Down a family - increases moving down 

Question 29

Ionization energy trend

Answer 29

Across a period - increases L To R Moving down a family - decreases

Question 30

Electron affinity trend

Answer 30

Across a period - increases from l to r Moving down a family - decreases

Question 31

Electronegativity trend

Answer 31

Increasing moving left to right across a period Decreasing moving down a family

Question 32

Ionic compound

Answer 32

Made up of metals and nonmetals

Question 33

Properties of ionic compounds

Answer 33

Electrolytes, our hard, but brittle, have a high melting point

Question 34

Ionic bonds

Answer 34

Form went to oppositely, charged ions, are attracted to each other.

Question 35

John Dalton

Answer 35

Dalton proposed a modern atomic model based on experimental not on pure reason. His model can be compared to a billiard ball.

Question 36

Democritus

Answer 36

Site matter could not be divided indefinitely

Question 37

Aristotle

Answer 37

Modified an early theory that matter was made up before elements, earth, water, air, and fire

Question 38

Isotope

Answer 38

Adams with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons

Question 39

Avogadros constant

Answer 39

The number of entities in one mole