Test #2 Compounds, Molar Mass

Question 1

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 1

Made up of metals and nonmetals

Question 2

Properties of ionic compound

Answer 2

Are electrolytes, are hard but brittle, have a high melting point, these properties are due to the types of bonds formed 

Question 3

Ionic bonds

Answer 3

 formed when two oppositely charged ions, are attracted to each other

Question 4

Molecular compounds

Answer 4

• a pure substance formed from two or more nonmetals
• are held together by covalent bonds
• Can be diatomic or polyatomic

Question 5

Covalent bonds are what

Answer 5

Formed when a pair of electrons is shared by two atoms

Question 6

 bonding capacity

Answer 6

The number of electrons lost, or gained or shared by an atom

Question 7

Coordinate covalent bonds

Answer 7

Form, when both of the shared electrons come from the same atom

Question 8

Ionic covalent

Answer 8

The greater the electronegativity difference between two atoms, the more ionic the bond is

Question 9

Ionic bonds

Answer 9

Is if electronegativity difference is greater than 1.7

Question 10

Polar covalent

Answer 10

If it’s between 0.5 and 1.7

Question 11

Nonpolar covalent

Answer 11

If it’s less than 0.5

Question 12

Polar molecules

Answer 12

Is a molecule that is slightly positive at one end and slightly negative at the other end because of electronegativity difference

Question 13

What is a binary ionic compound?

Answer 13

They are made up of two kinds of monatomic ions

Naming > write the name of the metal and write the name of the nonmetal, changing the end to “ide”

Question 14

Multivalent cations

Answer 14

Can form more than one ion and they are most transition metals

naming > same as before except include Roman numerals after the metals name to indicate which ion it is

Question 15

“Ous”

Answer 15

Changing the end of the name instead of using Roman numerals to the lowest charge

Question 16

“Ic”

Answer 16

Changing the end of the name instead of using Roman numerals to the higher charge

Question 17

Compounds with polyatomic ions

Answer 17

Covalent bonded groups of atoms with a charge

Naming > name the metal and then write the name of the polyatomic ion from the list

Question 18

Molecular compounds and hydrates

Answer 18

There are two or more nonmetals

Write the name of both elements in the same order as the formula, but replace the ending of the second element with “ide”

Add prefixes to specify the number of atoms of each type in the molecule like mono, di, tri

Question 19

HOFBrINCL

Answer 19

Always have a +2 charge

Question 20

Hydrates

Answer 20

There are compounds that contain water as part of its ionic crystal and decomposed to an ionic compound and water when heated

Naming > the ionic compound in indicate the number of water molecules with a Greek prefix •

Ex CuSO4 • 5H2O

Question 21

Inter forces

Answer 21

The attracted force between molecules and forces holding the separate water molecules in place of an ice crystal

Question 22

Intra forces

Answer 22

Forces between atoms and ions within a compound and bond between H and CL

Question 23

There are 3 basic kinds of inner molecule force

Answer 23

1. Dipole dipole forces.
2. London disperse forces.
3. Hydrogen bonds.

Question 24

Dipole dipole forces

Answer 24

Is unattracted force between polar molecules

Question 25

London dispersion forces

Answer 25

Attractive forces between all molecules, polar and nonpolar

Question 26

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 26

A strong dipole dipole force between a positive each atom of one molecule and a highly electronegativity atom in another molecule

Question 27

Law of definite proportions

Answer 27

A specific compound always contains elements in the same proportions by mass

Question 28

Percent composition

Answer 28

Expresses the composition of a compound in terms of its present composition by mass

Question 29

How to find percent composition

Answer 29

Divide the mass of each type of atom in the compound by the mass of the whole compound