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Bacteriology Practice Questions > Test 1: Subcutaneous Mycoses > Flashcards

Test 1: Subcutaneous Mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses can effect which 4 areas of the body?

A

Deep layers of skin

Muscle

Bone

Connective Tissues

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2
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses infections are

______ and _______ in nature

A

SubQ mycoses infections are

chronic and insidious in nature

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3
Q

Sporotrichosis is caused by

________ ________

A

Sporothrix schenckii

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4
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

causes sporotrichosis in which 4 animals?

A

Humans

Horses

Dogs

Cats

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5
Q

Which subcutaneous mycoses associated pathogen causes

*epizootic lymphagitis *in equines

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

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6
Q

Which agents cause oomycosis

which is the cause of a variety of diseases in

*fish *and mammals?

A
  • Aphanomyces*
  • Lagenidium*
  • Pythium*
  • Saprolegnia*
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7
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

is a

saprophytic ____ fungi

A

saprophytic dimorphic fungi

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8
Q

T/F

Sporotrichosis is a common disease that manifests as

chronic, ulcerative lymphangitis

of the skin and subcutis

A

FALSE

Sporotrichosis is a RARE disease

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9
Q

Systemic diseases

caused by Sporothrix schenkii

occur frequently in which non-human mammalian species?

A

Sporothrix schenkii causes systemic disease commonly in

cats

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10
Q

The following virulence factors are associated with which subcutaneous mycoses causing pathogen?

  • Adhesins and Proteases*
  • Chitin, Ergosterol, Lipids, Melanin, Peptide-rhamnomannan, sialic acids (cell wall factors)*
A

Sporothrix schenckii

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11
Q

What is the main reservoir for Sporothrix schenckii?

A

Plant Material and Soil

Worldwide

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12
Q

Occasionally, this subcutaneous mycoses causing pathogen is

isolated from the *mucous membranes *

of normal animals

A

Sporothrix schenckii

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13
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

is usually transmitted through skin contact afflicted by trauma

but can occasionally be transmitted through

__________ or _________

A

inhalation or ingestion

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14
Q

**Exudates **can present high numbers of Sporothrix schenckii

in which species?

A

CATS

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15
Q

Lesions caused by Sporothrix schenckii

are

_______________

A

pyogranulatamous

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16
Q

Pyogranulatamous lesions have prululent centers

surrounded by

what 4 types of cells?

A

Epitheliod cells

Giant cells

Lymphocytes

Plasma cells

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17
Q

In the last step of pathogenesis of Sporothrix schenckii

dissemination can occurs to the

viscera, joints, and CNS

in which species?

A

CATS

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18
Q

Direct examination of lesions of Sporothrix schenckii

is often unrewardings except in

________

which contain

abundant yeast cells

A

CATS

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19
Q

Because direct examination of exudates is unrewarding when dealing with Sporothrix schenckii

exudates from animals other than cats

should be examined using

A

immunofluorescence

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20
Q

Because Sporothrix schenckii

is a dimorphic fungi, it grows as mold at room temp and like yeast at 37C.

What does it look like at room temp?

What do you see at 37C?

A

At room temp- branching septate hyphae and pyriform microconidia

At 37C- budding and pleiomorphic, cigar shaped

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21
Q

**Cutaneous forms **of *Sporothrix schenckii *is treated using

A

Inorganic iodides

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22
Q

Disseminated form of Sporothrix schenckii

is treated using

A

Itraconazole

Amphotericin B

Flucytosine

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23
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

is a _________ fungi

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

is a dimorphic fungi

24
Q

**Epizootic lymphangitis **

is also known as

A

Pseudoglanders

25
Q

Epizootic lymphangitis (pseudoglanders)

is caused by

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

26
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

which causes chronic pyogranulatomas diseases in equines

is **endemic **to which regions?

A

Africa

Asia

and

Mediterranean Littoral

27
Q

Histologically, the pathogenesis of this fungi

evolves from suppurative to granulatomous

and eventually leads to fibrosis

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

28
Q

Skin lesions caused by

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

occur mainly in what areas

on the equine?

A

Head, neck, and limbs

29
Q

African Horse Farcy

is caused by

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

30
Q

Sporotrichosis and

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

are differentials for which

fungal pathogen?

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

31
Q

Treatment of animals infected with

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

include

intravenous _______

and

Amphotericin B

A

Intravenous IODIDES

and

Amphotericin B

treat

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

32
Q

Destruction of animals infected with

this fungal pathogen

is commonplace when the animal is located in

non-endemic regions

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum

33
Q

Agents that cause oomycosis

belong to Kingdom _________

and are NOT fungi

A

Kingdom Stramenopiles

cause

oomycosis

34
Q

T/F

Fungi is responsible for causing oomycosis

A

FALSE

oomycosis is caused

by members of the Kingdom Stramenopiles

35
Q

Oomycosis is caused by

______ ______

usually found in water

A

saprophytic microbes

36
Q

_______ is an agent of oomycosis

that causes pyogranulamatous diseases

in a variety of animals

A

Pythium

is an agent of oomycosis

that causes

pyogranulamatous disease

37
Q

________

an agent of oomycosis

can only cause

pyogranulamatous disease in

dogs and cats ONLY

A

Lagenidium

causes

pyogranulamatous disease

in ONLY

DOGS AND CATS

38
Q

Oomycosis caused by

_________ is clinically the same as

oomycosis caused by

___________

A

Oomycosis caused by

Pythium and Lagenidium

are

CLINICALLY THE SAME

except Lagenidium is only in cats and dogs

39
Q

This agent of oomycosis

causes

ulcerative disease

in

FISH and CRUSTACEANS

A

Aphanomyces

causes ulcerative disease

in

fish and crustaceans

40
Q

This oomycosis-causing microorganism

is responsible for causing

systemic disease

in

FISH

A

Saprolegnia

causes

systemic disease

in

FISH

41
Q

“Swamp cancer”

and

“Florida Horse Leeches”

are another name for

A

Cutaneous Pythiosis

42
Q

**Cutaneous pythiosis **(Swamp Cancer or Florida Horse Leeches)

is caused by what microorganism of the Kingdom Stramenopiles?

A

Pythium insidiosum

43
Q

Pythium insidiosum

causes

ulcerative pyogranulatomous

or

fibrogranulatomous

skin infections in which species?

A

horses and dogs mainly

also in cattle and cats

44
Q

While pythium insidiosis

causes bloody lesions in dogs,

it manifests as what in cats?

A

pythium insidiosis

manifests as

tumor-like masses

in cats

45
Q

Sparsely separated hyphae

are characteristic of what

disease in horses?

A

pythium insidiosis

Cutaneous pythiosis

46
Q

What are

“kunkers” or “leeches”

A

Granulamatous coagula

on horses consisting of

necrotic macrophages, giant cells, epitheloid cells

caused by

pythium insidiosis

47
Q

If detected early enough

Cutaneous pythiosis in horses

can be treating using this antifungal drug

A

Amphotericin B

48
Q

*Chromobastomycosis *and Phaeohypomycosis

are caused by

______-pigmented fungi

A

Chromobastomycosis and Phaeohypomycosis

caused by

Dark-pigmented (Dematiaceous) fungi

49
Q

Large, pigmented sclerotic bodies are present

in this ailment

that rarely affects non-human mammals

and mostly affects

frogs and toads

A

**Chromobastomycosis **

frogs and toads

50
Q

In this ailment, sporadically present in cats and dogs,

hyphae are present

and

CNS involvement is common

A

Phaeohypomycosis

51
Q

Chromobastomycosis and Phaeohypomycosis

cause pyogranulamatous reactions

but NO

_______ _______

or granules are seen

A

tissue colonies

52
Q

What stain is used to diagnose

Chromobastomycosis and Phaeohypomycosis?

A

Masson-Fontana silver stain

used to demonstrate melanin

in

Chromobastomycosis and Phaeohypomycosis

53
Q

If you see

Fast growing colonies that are suede-like to downy

and

brown to blackish-brown with a black reverse

what microorganism are you growing in culture?

A

Curvalaria

54
Q

The cutaneous form of this is reported in

cattle, horses, dogs and cats

and is nodular and associated with

nasal lesions

and discharging sinus tracts

A

**Mycetomas **

55
Q

*Pseudallescharia, Cochliobolus, *and Curvalaria

are fungi associated with what subcutaneous skin ailment?

A

Mycetomas

56
Q

How do you treat Mycetomas?

A

EXCISION

because antifungals DO NOT WORK

Bacteriology Practice Questions (16 decks)

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