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Kinesiology > Test 1 (Unit 1-4) > Flashcards

Test 1 (Unit 1-4) Flashcards

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1
Q

The Study of movement particularly human movement as well as physiology, physics, and geometry.

A

Kinesiology

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2
Q

Forces that cause movement

A

Kinetics

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3
Q

Time, Space, and Mass of a moving system

A

Kineomatics

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4
Q

Motion that occur mostly outside of the body

A

Linear

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5
Q

Motion that occurs inside the body

A

Angular motion

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6
Q

What is another name for linear motion?

A

Translatory

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7
Q

What is another name for angular motion?

A

Rotary

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8
Q

Moving in a straight line is referred to as:

A

Rectilinear

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9
Q

Moving in a curved line is referred to as:

A

Curvilinear

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10
Q

What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?

A
  1. Mineral storage
  2. Protection
  3. Production of red blood cells
  4. Attachment for muscles & tendons
  5. Support
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11
Q

How many bones does the human body have normally?

A

206

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12
Q

Axial skeleton contains:

How many bones?

A

Head & Trunk

80 Bones

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13
Q

Appendicular skeleton contains:

How many bones?

A

Arms and Legs

126 Bones

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14
Q

What are the functions of compact (cortical) bone?

A

-Dense Bone

Protection and Support

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15
Q

What are the functions of cancellous (spongy) bone?

A

Porus portion of the bone

Structure

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16
Q

Structure of Bone:

Epiphysis is?

A

Ends of the bone

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17
Q

Structure of bone:

Epiphyseal plates are?

A

GROWTH PLATE

Near the end of the bone

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18
Q

Structure of bone:

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of the bone (Long Part)

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19
Q

Structure of bone:

Medullay Cavity

A

Contains bone marrow

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20
Q

Structure of bone:

Metaphysis

A

Area where diaphysis and epiphysis connect.

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21
Q

What is the periosteum?

A

Outer covering (Essential for connecting to tendons) for repair

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22
Q

What is the most stable connective tissue?

A

Fibrous

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23
Q

Stable or Mobile?/ How many planes does it move in?

*Shoulder

A

Shoulder is highly mobile NOT stable.

3

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24
Q

Stable or Mobile?/ How many planes does it move in?

* Elbow

A

Elbow is very stable

1

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25
Stable or Mobile?/ How many planes does it move in? | * Wrist
Very stable not too mobile | 2 planes of motion
26
Stable or Mobile?/ How many planes does it move in? | *HIP
Mobile and Stable | 3
27
Define Synathrodial/Syndesmosis: | Example?
No Movement | Ex. Sutures of the skull
28
Define Amphiarthrodial/Cartilaginous | Example?
Slight Movement | Ex. Pubic Symphysis
29
Define Diathrodial/ Synovial: | Example?
FREELY MOVEABLE Large Joints in the body (Lubricant) Ex. Shoulder, Hip, Knee, Ankle
30
Nonaxial:
No movement
31
Uniaxial:
Moves in 1 Plane | ex. Finger, Elbow, Knee (Hinge joints)
32
Biaxial:
Moves in 2 Planes | ex. Wrist, Ankle
33
Triaxial:
Moves in 3 Planes | ex. Ball & Socket Joints (Shoulder, Hip)
34
Are ligaments stronger than bone?
Yes | Connects bone to bone
35
Terms that describe the shoulder....
Triaxial synovial diarthrodial Ball & Socket
36
Terms that describe the wrist...
Biaxial condyloid synovial diarthrodial
37
Terms that describe the Elbow...
Synovial Hinge Uniaxial
38
Synovial capsule is...
Deeper capsule of the two (Holds Synovial Fluid in)
39
Dense CT is...
Superficial tissue that provides stability.
40
Types of cartilage: | HYALINE
Lines the ends of bones (outerlinning/ provides smooth articulation and SHOCK ABSORPTION)
41
Types of cartilage: | FIBROCARTILAGE
Main shock absorber!
42
What are the two types of fibrocartiage?
Menisci: Rings of fibrocartilage in the knee which gets injured commonly. Labrum: Found in the shoulder and hip (Helps deepen the socket for stability).
43
Types of cartilage: | ELASTIC
Found in ears, neck, etc. Super stretchable
44
What is an aponeuosis?
Sheath of CT that acts like a tendon.
45
What is bursae?
Fluid-Filled sacs | Functions as a cushion between a tendon and a bone.
46
What is COG?
Center of Gravity Around umbilicus (Belly button) 2ND SACRAL VERTEBRA
47
What is the orgin of a muscle?
Stable/ Non-moving part
48
What is the insertion of a muscle?
Moving End | Insertion always moves in the direction of the orgin
49
What is a reverse action?
When the ORGIN moves in direction of the INSERTION
50
Fiber Arrangement | PARRALLEL:
Side by side (same direction) | Longer and have greater range of motion
51
Fiber Arrangement | STRAP:
Long and Thin | ex. Sartorius
52
Fiber Arrangement | FUSIFORM:
Wider in the middle | ex. Biceps brachi (Elbow flexors)
53
Fiber Arrangement | RHOMBOID:
Four sided and flat | Ex. Glutueus Maximus
54
Fiber Arrangement | Triangular:
Flat and fan shaped
55
Fiber Arrangement | OBLIQUES ARE.....
Annugular for power | pennate configurations, uni, bi, multi
56
Muscle Characteristics | A. Irritability
Ability to respond to a stimuli
57
Muscle Characteristics | B. Contractility
Muscles ability to contract or shorten when receiving stimulation. (Develops Force)
58
Muscle Characteristics | C. Extensibility
Muscles ability to stretch or lengthen when a force is applied.
59
Muscle Characteristics | D. Elasticity
Muscle recoil or return to normal length when stretching forced is removed.
60
What is active insufficiency? | AGONIST
When the muscle is too short to shorten any shorter. | *Muscle that is contracting*
61
What is passive insufficiency? | ANTAGONIST
When the muscle is too long to lengthen any longer. | *opposing muscle*
62
What is tenodensis?
Uses passive insufficiency to an advantage. In higher level spinal cord patients it can be used as a function grasp. Ex. When in supination, finger will automatically flex so the patient would be able to grasp the object and bring it to their mouth for eating.
63
Lever Systems- MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE | A. Lever
Ridgit Bone/ Rotates around an Axis
64
Lever Systems- MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE | B. Fulcrum
Axis
65
Lever Systems- MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE | C. Resistance
Weight/Load
66
What is a 1st Class lever?
NECK
67
What is a 2nd Class Lever?
Wheel Barrel | POWER
68
What is a 3rd Class Lever?
FOUND MOST IN THE BODY | Provides range of motion ex. Elbow
69
What is isometric?
Muscle movement with no joint movement
70
What is isotonic?
ECCENTRIC/ CONCENTRIC contractiosn
71
What is isokinetic?
Speed & velocity remaining the same resistance throughout the range of motion.
72
What is the agonist?
Prime mover | Doing the work
73
What is the antagonist?
Opposer of the muscle that is doing the work.
74
What is a synergist?
Muscle that assists the prime mover (Agonist) or stabalizes it during an activity.
75
What is co-contraction?
When the opposing muscle groups work at the same time. Ex. SQUATTING -Hamstrings, Quads, Knee extensors all work together.
76
Kinetic Chains: | OPEN KINETIC CHAIN
When the distal end of an extremity is moving | ex. Lifting weights, hammering a nail.
77
Kinetic Chains: | CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN
When the distal end of an extremity is fixed (non-moving) | ex. squats, push up, wall sit, using a machine
78
When the distal end of a bone moves laterally its called __________?
Valgus (Knock-kneed)
79
When the distal end of a bone moves medially ______?
Varus (Bow-legged)
80
Muscle movement with no joint movement is called ______?
Isometric contraction
81
A lengthening contraction or a concentric contraction is called ______?
ISOTONIC
82
Speed and velocity remaining the same. Resistance changes throughout the range of motion.
Isokinetic

Kinesiology (6 decks)

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