Test Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
The spinal cord extends to about what vertebral level?
A
L2 (conus medullaris)
2
Q
What makes up white matter?
A
Anterior horn (Front door) Motor impulses
3
Q
What makes up gray matter?
A
Posterior horn (Back door) Sensory Impulses
4
Q
Impulses enter the body anteriorly or posteriorly?
A
Posteriorly
5
Q
Impulses leave the body anteriorly or posteriorly?
A
Anteriorly
6
Q
The anterior horn is composed of what type of impulses?
A
motor
7
Q
The posterior horn is composed of what type of impulses?
A
sensory
8
Q
A group of myelinated nerve fibers that run up and down are called?
A
Tracts
9
Q
Tracts are sensory or motor (Never mixed)
True or False?
A
True
10
Q
Describe upper motor neurons
A
CNS only (Brain and Spinal Cord)
11
Q
Describe lower motor neurons
A
PNS only (Peripheral nerves)
12
Q
Which nerves branch or divide forming a plexus?
A
Lumbar or cervical
13
Q
In an individual who has lost the ability to oppose the thumb, what nerve is involved? What is this condition called?
A
Median nerve (ape hand)
14
Q
In an individual who has lost the ability to pick up the toes (ankle dorsiflexion) what nerve is involved? What is this condition called?
A
Peroneal nerve (food drop)
15
Q
Claw hand involves the loss of what muscle group? What nerve is involved?
A
Intrinsics and the nerve involved is the ulnar nerve
16
Q
If a person had a spinal injury at L4, what type of motor neuron lesion would it be consider?
A
Lower MN
17
Q
Cranial nerve I does what?
A
Olfactory (Smell)
18
Q
Cranial nerve II does what?
A
Optic (Sensory Vision)
19
Q
Cranial nerve III does what?
A
Oculomotor (Muscles of the eye, straight up and down, pupil constriction)
20
Q
Cranial nerve IV does what?
A
Trochlear (Muscles of the eye down and lateral)
21
Q
Cranial nerve V does what?
A
Trigeminal (Gives touch to 3 branches Maxillary, Forehead, Mandibular)
22
Q
Cranial nerve VI does what?
A
Abducens (Muscles of the eye/ Peripheral vision)
23
Q
Cranial nerve VII does what?
A
Facial (Muscles of facial expression
24
Q
Cranial nerve VIII does what?
A
Vestibulocochlear/ Auditory (Hearing and Equilibrium)
25
Cranial nerve IX does what?
Glossopharyngeal (Taste in back 1/3 of tongue)
26
Cranial nerve X does what?
Vagus (Nerve from brain to stomach; speech)
27
Cranial nerve XI does what?
Spinal Accessory (Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles and swallowing) (Turns head and raises shoulder)
28
Cranial nerve XII does what?
Hypoglossal (Muscles of the tongue)
29
What is the function of the CNS?
Command/ Control all systems
30
What is the function of the PNS?
Communication
31
What is the parasympathetic system responsible for?
Rest and Digest
32
What is the sympathetic system responsible for?
Fight or Flight
33
The fundamental unit of the nervous system are?
Neurons
34
Axons carry impulses _________.
Out (Away)
35
Dendrites carry impulses ____
To
36
Lobe responsible for muscle control, problem solving, personality, thinking and speech.
Frontal Lobe
37
Lobe responsible for reflexes, special orientation, and sensory integration.
Parietal
38
Lobe responsible for visual.
occipital
39
Lobe responsible for controls in memory, hearing, and language.
Temporal
40
Part of brain that receives and distributes all sensory information is? (Post office)
Thalamus
41
Part of brain that inhibits unwanted movements (coffee filter)
Basal Ganglia
42
What is the name of the nerve that supplies lower extremities?
Cauda equine
43
Nerves that begins in spinal cord then goes out into the peripheral are called _________
P nerves
44
Do p nerves contain BOTH sensory or mixed nerves
Yes
45
The end point for carotid and vertebral arteries (redundant) having back up is called ___________.
Circle of Willis
46
Area of skin supplied by a specific spinal nerve is called a ________.
Dermatome
47
A muscle supplied by a specific spinal nerve is called a ________.
Myotome
48
The cervical plexus branches from ___ to ___
C1-C4
49
The brachial plexus branches from ___ to ___
C5-T1
50
The lumbosacral branches from ___ to ___
T12-S5
51
What is the main branch of the cervical plexus?
| Whats its root level?
Phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
52
What are the main branches of the brachial plexus?
| What are their root levels?
```
Axillary (C5,C6)
Musculocutaneous (C5,C6)
Radial (C6,C7,C8,T1)
Median (C6,C7,C8,T1)
Ulnar (C8,T1)
```
53
What are the major branches of the lumbosacral plexus?
Femoral (L2,L3,L4)
Obturator (L2,L3,L4)
Sciatic (L4,L5,S1,S2,S3)
Tibial (Divides into medial/lateral) (L4,L5,S1,S2,S3)
Common peroneal (Divides into sub/deep)(L4,L5,S1,S2)
54
The shoulder girdle is composed of?
ALL the bones/ligaments (etc. clavicle, sternum)
55
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the UPPER TRAPEZIUS?
(O) Occipital Bone
(I) Outer third of clavicle, acromion
(A) Scapular elevation, Downward rotation
(N) Spinal accessory (XI)
56
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the MIDDLE TRAPEZIUS?
(O) Spinous process C7-T3
(I) Scapular spine
(A) Scapular retraction
(N) Spinal accessory (XI)
57
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the LOWER TRAPEZIUS?
(O) Spinous process of middle and lower thoracic vertebra
(I) Base of scapular spine
(A) Scapular depression and upward rotation
(N) Spinal assessory (XI)
58
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the Levator scapula?
(O)Transvere process of first 4 cervical vertebra
(I) Vertebral border of scapula b/w superior angle & spine
(A) Scapular elevation and downward rotation
(N) Third and fourth cervical nerves
59
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the Rhomboids?
(O) Spinous process C7-T5
(I) Vertebral border of scapula b/w spine & inferior angle
(A) Scapular retraction and downward rotation
(N) Dorsal scapular nerve
60
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the serratus anterior?
(O) Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs
(I) Vertebral border of scapula anterior surface
(A) Scapular protraction and upward rotation
(N) Long thoracic nerve
61
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the Pect Minor?
(O) Anterior surface 3rd-4th ribs
(I) Coracoid process of scapula
(A) Scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, TILT
(N) Middle pectoral nerve (C8,T1)
62
AC JOINT
Stable of mobile?
Why?
STABLE
| Many Ligaments
63
SC JOINT
Stable or mobile
why?
VERY STABLE
| Has one of the strongest ligaments in the body
64
What ligaments make up the A-C joint?
A-C ligament
| coracoclavicular ligament
65
What ligaments make up the S-C joint?
S-C ligament (Strongest)
interclavicular ligament
costoclavicular ligament
66
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the ANTERIOR DELTOID
(O) Lateral third of clavicle
(I) Deltoid tuberosity
(A) Shoulder Flexion, medial rotation, horizontal ADBUCTION
N) Axillary nerve
67
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the MIDDLE DELTOID
(O) Acromion Process
(I) Deltoid tuberosity
(A) Shoulder ADBUCTION
(N) Axillary nerve
68
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the POSTERIOR DELTOID
(O) Spine of Scapula
(I) Deltoid tuberosity
(A) Shoulder extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation, horizontal ABduction
69
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the Supraspinatus Muscle
(O) Supraspinious fossa of Scapula
(I) Greater Tubercle of humerus
(A) Shoulder ABduction
(N) Suprascapular nerve
70
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the Latissimus Dorsi
(O) Spinous Process of T7-L5, sacrum, iliac crest
(I) Medial bicipital groove of humerus
(A) Shoulder extension, abdduction, medial rotation, hyperextension
(N) Thoracodorsal nerve
71
What is the Origin/ Insertion/ Action/ Nerve of the Teres Major
(O) Axillary border of scapular (near inferior angle)
| I
72
Elbow Flexors
Biceps Brachii
Brachioradialis
Brachialis
73
Which Muscles performs shoulder TILT
Pect Minor
74
Elbow Extensors
Triceps
| Anconeus
75
Wrist Flexors
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
76
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Scapular Elevation
Upper Trap
Levator Scapula
Rhomboids
77
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Upward Rotation
Upper Trap
Lower Trap
Serratus Anterior
78
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Downward Rotation
Levator Scapula
Rhomboids
Pect Minor
79
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Scapular Retraction
Middle Trap
| Rhomboids
80
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Scapular Protraction
Serratus Anterior
| Pect Minor
81
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Scapular Depression
Lower Trap
| Pect Minor
82
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Shoulder Flexion
```
Anterior Deltoid
Pect MAJOR (FIRST 60 DEGREES)
```
83
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Shoulder Extension
Posterior Deltoid
Pect MAJOR (FIRST 60 DEGREES)
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
84
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Shoulder ABDUCTION
Anterior Deltoid
Middle Deltoid
Posterior Deltoid
Supraspinatus
85
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Shoulder ADDUCTION
Pect MAJOR
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
86
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Shoulder Medial Rotation
```
Anterior Deltoid
Pect MAJOR
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Subscapularis
```
87
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Horizontal ABDUCTION
Posterior Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
88
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Horizontal ADDUCTION
Anterior Deltoid
| Pect MAJOR
89
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Shoulder Lateral Rotation
Posterior Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
90
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Forearm Supination
Biceps Brachii
| Supinator
91
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM
| Forearm Pronation
Pronator Teres
| Pronator Quadratus
92
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Wrist Flexion
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus (Assistive)
93
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Wrist Extension
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
94
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Radial Deviation
Flexor Carpi Radialis
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
95
MUSCLES THAT PERFORM:
| Ulnar Deviation
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
