Test

Question 1

What is a hormone

Answer 1

A chemical substance that acts as a messenger molecule that coordinates different functions in your body by carrying messages through your blood to your organs, skin, muscles and other tissue.

Question 2

Endocrine vs Nervous system

Answer 2

The nervous system:
1. composed of neurons
2. uses electrical signals and neurotransmitters
3. very fast acting
4. short term effects
5. transmit signals via nerve cells

The endocrine system:
1. composed of glands
2. uses hormones
3. slow acting
4. long term effects
5. transmits signals via the bloodstream

Question 3

Hypothalamus

Answer 3

Dopamine- gives sense of pleasure
Thyrotropin- regulator of thyroid gland

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

Responsible for coordination and balance

Question 5

Cerebrum

Answer 5

Contains 4 parts, Controls conscious thoughts and voluntary movement.

Question 6

Brainstem (aka. medulla) function

Answer 6

Controls body’s vital functions such as breathing, blood pressure and heart rate.

Question 7

Spinal cord function

Answer 7

Acts as a communication pathway between the brain and rest of the body. Plays a key role in controlling movement, sensation and reflex.

Question 8

Brain

Answer 8

Controls all parts of your body and is responsible for thinking, movement, learning, memory, and maintaining homeostasis

Question 9

Why is the brain not involved in the reflex arc

Answer 9

The reflex arc does not involve the conscious part of the brain which makes it far quicker. Instead of traveling directly to the brain, sensory neurons of a reflex arc synapse in the spinal cord.

Question 10

What is a reflex arc

Answer 10

An automatic and rapid response that minimizes any damage to the body.

Question 11

Stimulus –> response

Answer 11

Stimulus- anything the body senses
Receptor- organs and cells that detect changes in external and internal environments
Control center- uses information to decide what the body needs to do to maintain homeostasis Effector- causes the response
Response

Question 12

What does the endocrine system do

Answer 12

Regulate body functions by producing and secreting hormones into the bloodstream via glands. The hormones effect growth and development, metabolism and reproduction.

Question 13

How does the nervous system controls body’s reaction to a change in temperature.

Answer 13

The hypothalamus detects a change in the temperature. Nerves trigger sweat glands to release fluids to cool the skin. The nervous system also triggers muscles to shiver to generate heat.

Question 14

Why is the pituitary gland called the master gland

Answer 14

Because it plays a crucial role in regulating and controlling many other glands and functions within the endocrine system. It releases hormones that influence the activities of other endocrine glands such as the reproductive glands, thyroid and adrenal gland.

Question 15

Negative feedback loop of too much water in the blood

Answer 15

Hypothalamus acts as the receptor. The pituitary gland is the effector. ADH production is reduced or stopped. (response). And the water level in the blood decreases as a response.

Question 16

Negative feedback loop of too little water in the blood

Answer 16

Hypothalamus is the receptor. Production of ADH starts as increases as a response and the feedback is the water levels in the blood increase.

Question 17

Function of the CNS

Answer 17

Is the control center that processes all the information it receives from your sensory neurons about the environment, and decides whether it should make a response.

Question 18

Sympathetic function

Answer 18

Increases activity of the organs

Question 19

Autonomic function

Answer 19

Responsible for automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate. Relays information from the brain to internal organs allowing our body to function without conscious control.

Question 20

Function of the CNS

Answer 20

Is the control center that processes all the information it receives from your sensory neurons about the environment, and decides whether it should make a response.

Question 21

Somatic function

Answer 21

Responsible for relaying information to the brain and skeletal muscles and controlling voluntary movement.

Question 22

What would happen if the pancreas stopped working

Answer 22

The pancreas makes insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Without the production of insulin blood sugar levels (blood glucose) can become too high.

Question 23

Knee jerk reflex vs conscious movement

Answer 23

The knee jerk reflex is an involuntary rapid response. A conscious movement is the awareness and ability of how you’re moving and to activate a muscle voluntarily. The knee jerk reflex uses the cerebellum where as conscious thought uses the cerebrum.

Question 24

Nervous system function

Answer 24

Sense and respond to changes in your environment. This is done by receiving, processing and responding to the stimuli. It is involved in controlling all body movements and other vital systems including the heartbeat, breathing and digesting.

Question 25

Knee jerk reflex

Answer 25

Is a stretch reflex that tests parts of the spinal cord. It is an involuntary and rapid response to external stimuli that causes your knee to do a sudden kicking motion

Question 26

Type 1 affect blood glucose levels

Answer 26

In type 1 diabetes the pancreas doesn't make any insulin. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of going into cells. Causing high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.

Question 27

Type 2 affect blood glucose levels

Answer 27

in type 2 the pancreas doesn't make enough insulin or it doesn't always work. instead of moving to the cells sugar builds up in the blood. causing high blood sugar.

Question 28

how does a quadriplegic still breathe and digest

Answer 28

if the thoracic nerves are injured then other parts of the spine take over