test Flashcards by Annika Caeli De Dios

A political system between nobles and landlords to grant them
a piece of land in
exchange for their
protection.

Feudalism

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Economic system or relation between landlords, nobles, and serf

Manorialism

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FEUDALISM
● It was established by
in 1066

William the Conqueror

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It is a
system of virtues and values
a knight must possess.

Code of Chivalry

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A noble who accepted
the land.

VASSAL

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He presided over the land
that he ruled, directing and
controlling what happened
in his kingdom.

KINGS

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The richest and most powerful
families in the realm

NOBLE/LORDS

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The military support for land in
the local manors.
They maintains peace and order

KNIGHTS

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By far, the largest portion of the
population of the people in the Middle Ages were the

serfs.

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It is a system of
land management
to produce goods
necessary to

support themselves
and the people who
worked the land.

MANORIALISM

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huge
estate owned by
a landlord.

Manor

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farmers in
the manorial
system.

Serfs

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piece of
land in medieval
Europe

● FIEF

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The period of creativity
and the revival of interest
in Roman and Greek
cultures.

Renaissance

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interest in art by the
noble families
particularly the Medici
family

Influential traders -

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Influential traders -
interest in art by the
noble families
particularly the

Medici
family

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source of
inspiration.

Greek and Roman
heritage

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The philosophy which
focuses on individuals
and their values,
skills, interests,
dignity, and their
ability to progress.

Humanism

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“Father of
Renaissance”

Francesco Petrarch

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Decameron(Black
Death/ Plague)

Giovanni Boccaccio

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The father of Modern
Political Theory and
the author of ‘The

Prince.’

Niccolo Machiavelli

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The father of English
Essays and the author
of ‘the Canterbury

Tales’

Geoffrey Chaucer

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“Utopia” (the perfect

society)

Thomas More

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He is a well-known English
author of Macbeth, Hamlet,

Romeo and Juliet.

William Shakespeare

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The author of Praise of Folly

Desiderius Erasmus

The Book of Courtier

9. Baldassare Castiglione

Don Quixote

Miguel de Cervantes

History of the Florentine People

Leonardo Bruni

1420 the dome of the cathedral of Sta. Maria del Fiore in Florence

1. Filippo Brunelleschi -

The Sistine Chapel, David, The Pieta

Michelangelo Buonarroti -

Mona Lisa, Last Supper

Leonardo da Vinci -

Madonna, School of Athens

Raphael Santi

The Birth of Venus and Primavera

Sandro Botticelli

The bronze statue of David

Donatello

printing press

(Johannes Gutenberg)

A historical period during the 15th century when European maritime nations explored the world in search of trade goods like gold and spices, leading to advancements and development of capitalism in Europe.

Age of Discovery

The process by which Europeans conquered and settled in foreign territories and exert political control

COLONIALISM

It is an economic theory which emphasizes the role of government in economic activities , motivated rulers to promote trade expansion.

Mercantilism

It is mainly used in navigation to find direction on the earth.

Compass

It aided European navigators in using the stars and other heavenly bodies in navigating the sea.

Astrolabe

A small and highly maneuverable sailing ship. Triangular in shape to easily go against the wind.

C. Caravel

He Promoted the study of navigation and seafaring ● He sponsored expeditions beyond North Africa and the Atlantic Ocean

Prince Henry the Navigator

An Italian navigator who proposed a western route to reach the East ● He reached the undiscovered america “New World”

Christopher Columbus

The agreement signed in 1494, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain to resolve conflicts over newly discovered territories

Treaty of Tordesillas

“Cape of Good Hope” ● A Portuguese explorer who was renowned for discovering the lands at the southern tip of Africa = opening passage to eastern seas

Bartolomeu Dias

“India” ● A portuguese explorer who successfully used the Cape of good passage hope to reach Calicut, India

Vasco da Gama

“Moluccas” ● A portuguese explorer who was commissioned by the King of Spain to Look for the Spice Islands in the East

Ferdinand Magellan

“Puerto Rico” ● A Spanish explorer who was appointed as the governor of Puerto Rico

Juan Ponce de Leon

“Gulf of Mexico” ● He embarked a military campaign against Aztecs ● The city of Tenochtitlan fell to the spaniards and establish Mexico as “Nueva Espana” or New Spain

Hernan Cortes

● 1598, under the leadership of Jacob van Neck they established the Dutch East India Company ● The City of Batavia on the island of Java served as a headquarters

NETHERLANDS

explored Canada

Jacques Cartier

● They established the British East India Company ● Queen Elizabeth I granted this company the right to monopolize trade with the East.

ENGLAND

The development in the way of thinking to develop new knowledge led to a

scientific revolution.

Geocentric Theory

(Claudius Ptolemy)

Heliocentric Theory

(Nicolaus Copernicus)

- used the Telescope for astronomy

Galileo Galilei

(Law of Gravity)

Isaac Newton

(3 Laws of Planetary Motion)

Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler (3 Laws of Planetary Motion)

(1) Law of Ellipses (2) Law of Equal Areas (3) Law of Harmonies

-Barometer

Evangelista Torricelli

XRAY

Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen -

Conclusion and inductive reasoning

Francis Bacon -

Logic and mathematics

Rene Descartes -

● first started in Great Britain and eventually progressed to the United States ● created to raise people's standard of living. ● the first sign of a revolution occurred (steam engine)

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

● single-wire telegraph system TELEGRAPH (1838)

SAMUEL FINLEY BREESE MORSE

INCANDESCENT LIGHT BULB (1878)

THOMAS EDISON -

JAMES WATT - STEAM ENGINE (1764) heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.

JAMES WATT

- TELEPHONE Invented the telephone in 1876.

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

- AUTOMOBILE (1902)

HENRY FORD

- SEWING MACHINE (1846)

ELIAS HOWE/ISAAC SINGER

- MECHANICAL REAPER (1831)

CYRUS MCCORMICK

- mass production of steel (1856)

SIR HENRY BESSEMER

RAILWAYS (1830)

GEORGE STEPHENSON -

young children were often employed in coal mines and factories.

CHILD LABOR

as the number of factories increased, the Urban population increased tremendously

OVERCROWDED CITIES

factories burned coal. Respiratory disease such as asthma, emphysema became common.

POLLUTION

Craftsmen such as blacksmith were gradually replaced by machines.

LOST OF JOBS FOR SKILLED WORKERS

diseases accounted for many deaths in industrial cities during this period.

HEALTH PROBLEMS

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