Test Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
What did modern music reflect?
A
Global crises, break from tradition.
2
Q
How does 20th-century music differ from earlier eras?
A
Atonality, abstract forms, experimentation.
3
Q
What mood does Adagio for Strings convey?
A
Mourning, slow tempo, emotional depth.
Barber
4
Q
Why was The Rite of Spring shocking?
A
Dissonance, complex rhythms, caused a riot.
5
Q
What is special about Clair de Lune?
A
Impressionistic, mood, tone color, rubato.
6
Q
Name three modern composers and a work each.
A
- Debussy: Clair de Lune
- Stravinsky: The Rite of Spring
- Barber: Adagio for Strings.
7
Q
Name four movements in 20th-century music.
A
- Impressionism
- Modernism
- Minimalism
- Electronic music.
8
Q
What influenced modern composers?
A
World Wars, technology, modern philosophy.
9
Q
What changed in 20th-century music?
A
New scales, dissonance, irregular rhythms.
10
Q
What inspired Romantic composers?
A
Poetry, landscape, personal struggle.
11
Q
How was form used in Romantic music?
A
Less rigid, often story-driven.
12
Q
What was Romantic texture like?
A
Mostly homophonic, but fuller.
13
Q
Describe Romantic harmony.
A
Rich, chromatic.
14
Q
Describe Romantic melodies.
A
Long, emotional.
15
Q
Name two Romantic composers and a work each.
A
- Chopin: Nocturne in E-flat Major
- Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture.
16
Q
How did the orchestra change in the Romantic era?
A
Larger, more dynamic range.
17
Q
What is rubato?
A
Flexible tempo for expression.
18
Q
What influenced Romantic composers?
A
Nature, nationalism, personal expression.
19
Q
What defines Romantic music?
A
Emotion, imagination, individualism over structure.
20
Q
How did Beethoven influence the Classical style?
A
Expanded its emotional and structural range.
21
Q
What is sonata form?
A
Exposition–Development–Recapitulation.
22
Q
How did the orchestra change in the Classical era?
A
Expanded instrumentation, more expressive role.
23
Q
Name one famous Beethoven work.
A
- Symphony No. 5 (four-note motif, contrast).
24
Q
Name one famous Mozart work.
A
- Symphony No. 40
- Queen of the Night Aria.
25
Name two Classical composers and a trait each.
* Mozart (elegant operas)
* Beethoven (emotional range, transition to Romanticism).
26
How did Classical composers use dynamics?
With gradual changes (crescendo/decrescendo).
27
Name three Classical forms.
* Sonata form
* Symphony
* String quartet.
28
What texture replaced Baroque polyphony?
Homophonic texture.
29
What are key traits of Classical music?
Clarity, balance, structure.
30
What is a fugue?
Imitative, layered counterpoint composition.
31
What is a concerto?
A piece for soloist and orchestra.
32
How does Baroque music reflect its era?
Reflects grandeur of Baroque art/architecture.
33
How does Baroque music differ from Renaissance music?
More dramatic contrast, structured forms, basso continuo.
34
What is Vivaldi’s *The Four Seasons* an example of?
Program music (depicts non-musical ideas).
35
What is Bach known for mastering?
The fugue (interwoven melodies).
36
List three Baroque features.
* Ornamentation
* Contrast
* Terraced dynamics (sudden shifts).
37
Name two key Baroque composers.
* Johann Sebastian Bach
* Antonio Vivaldi.
38
What does 'Baroque' mean and where is it from?
From Portuguese 'barroco,' meaning irregular pearl.
39
How did Palestrina’s music serve the Church?
Upheld Catholic ideals post-Reformation with clear, sacred style.
40
What is polyphony?
Multiple independent melodic lines.
41
Which later composers were influenced by the Renaissance?
* Bach
*Handel
42
What is *Sicut cervus* by Palestrina based on?
Psalm 42.
43
What is special about Josquin’s *Ave Maria*?
Features imitative polyphony.
44
What is the musical equivalent of visual perspective?
Polyphony (layered sounds).
45
Name two key Renaissance composers.
* Josquin des Prez (early)
* Palestrina (late).
46
What invention in 1440 spread music across Europe?
The printing press.
47
What philosophy influenced Renaissance music?
Humanism.
48
What does 'Renaissance' mean?
Rebirth.
49
What are common musical forms?
* Pop: AABABCB
* Classical: ABA (ternary), AB (binary), ABACADA (rondo).
50
What is timbre?
Tone color or sound quality (e.g., trumpet=bright, clarinet=warm).
51
What are the three main textures in music?
* Monophonic (one melody)
* Homophonic (melody + accompaniment)
* Polyphonic (independent melodies).
52
What is harmony?
Multiple simultaneous notes supporting the melody.
53
What is tempo?
Speed of the music.
54
What is meter?
Repeating beat patterns (e.g., 4/4, 3/4).
55
What is rhythm?
Movement in time; patterns of duration and stress.
56
What are common dynamic markings?
* Piano (p)=soft
* Mezzo-piano (mp)=medium-soft
* Mezzo-forte (mf)=medium-loud
* Forte (f)=loud.
57
What is a cadence?
A point of rest in the music.
58
What is a phrase in music?
A musical sentence marked by a cadence.
59
What is a note?
The smallest unit of music.
60
melody?
A single line of notes heard in succession.
61
Global crises, break from tradition.
What did modern music reflect?
62
Atonality, abstract forms, experimentation.
How does 20th-century music differ from earlier eras?
63
Mourning, slow tempo, emotional depth.
What mood does *Adagio for Strings* convey?
64
Dissonance, complex rhythms, caused a riot.
Why was *The Rite of Spring* shocking?
65
Impressionistic, mood, tone color, rubato.
What is special about *Clair de Lune*?
66
* Debussy: Clair de Lune
* Stravinsky: The Rite of Spring
* Barber: Adagio for Strings.
Name three modern composers and a work each.
67
* Impressionism
* Modernism
* Minimalism
* Electronic music.
Name four movements in 20th-century music.
68
World Wars, technology, modern philosophy.
What influenced modern composers?
69
New scales, dissonance, irregular rhythms.
What changed in 20th-century music?
70
Poetry, landscape, personal struggle.
What inspired Romantic composers?
71
Less rigid, often story-driven.
How was form used in Romantic music?
72
Mostly homophonic, but fuller.
What was Romantic texture like?
73
Rich, chromatic.
Describe Romantic harmony.
74
Long, emotional.
Describe Romantic melodies.
75
* Chopin: Nocturne in E-flat Major
* Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture.
Name two Romantic composers and a work each.
76
Larger, more dynamic range.
How did the orchestra change in the Romantic era?
77
Flexible tempo for expression.
What is rubato?
78
Nature, nationalism, personal expression.
What influenced Romantic composers?
79
Emotion, imagination, individualism over structure.
What defines Romantic music?
80
Expanded its emotional and structural range.
How did Beethoven influence the Classical style?
81
Exposition–Development–Recapitulation.
What is sonata form?
82
Expanded instrumentation, more expressive role.
How did the orchestra change in the Classical era?
83
* Symphony No. 5 (four-note motif, contrast).
Name one famous Beethoven work.
84
* Symphony No. 40
* Queen of the Night Aria.
Name one famous Mozart work.
85
* Mozart (elegant operas)
* Beethoven (emotional range, transition to Romanticism).
Name two Classical composers and a trait each.
86
With gradual changes (crescendo/decrescendo).
How did Classical composers use dynamics?
87
* Sonata form
* Symphony
* String quartet.
Name three Classical forms.
88
Homophonic texture.
What texture replaced Baroque polyphony?
89
Clarity, balance, structure.
What are key traits of Classical music?
90
Imitative, layered counterpoint composition.
What is a fugue?
91
A piece for soloist and orchestra.
What is a concerto?
92
Reflects grandeur of Baroque art/architecture.
How does Baroque music reflect its era?
93
More dramatic contrast, structured forms, basso continuo.
How does Baroque music differ from Renaissance music?
94
Program music (depicts non-musical ideas).
What is Vivaldi’s *The Four Seasons* an example of?
95
The fugue (interwoven melodies).
What is Bach known for mastering?
96
* Ornamentation
* Contrast
* Terraced dynamics (sudden shifts).
List three Baroque features.
97
* Johann Sebastian Bach
* Antonio Vivaldi.
Name two key Baroque composers.
98
From Portuguese 'barroco,' meaning irregular pearl.
What does 'Baroque' mean and where is it from?
99
Upheld Catholic ideals post-Reformation with clear, sacred style.
How did Palestrina’s music serve the Church?
100
Multiple independent melodic lines.
What is polyphony?
101
* Bach
* handel
Which later composers were influenced by the Renaissance?
102
Psalm 42.
What is *Sicut cervus* by Palestrina based on?
103
Features imitative polyphony.
What is special about Josquin’s *Ave Maria*?
104
Polyphony (layered sounds).
What is the musical equivalent of visual perspective?
105
* Josquin des Prez (early)
* Palestrina (late).
Name two key Renaissance composers.
106
The printing press.
What invention in 1440 spread music across Europe?
107
Humanism.
What philosophy influenced Renaissance music?
108
Rebirth.
What does 'Renaissance' mean?
109
* Pop: AABABCB
* Classical: ABA (ternary), AB (binary), ABACADA (rondo).
What are common musical forms?
110
Tone color or sound quality (e.g., trumpet=bright, clarinet=warm).
What is timbre?
111
* Monophonic (one melody)
* Homophonic (melody + accompaniment)
* Polyphonic (independent melodies).
What are the three main textures in music?
112
Multiple simultaneous notes supporting the melody.
What is harmony?
113
Speed of the music.
What is tempo?
114
Repeating beat patterns (e.g., 4/4, 3/4).
What is meter?
115
Movement in time; patterns of duration and stress.
What is rhythm?
116
* Piano (p)=soft
* Mezzo-piano (mp)=medium-soft
* Mezzo-forte (mf)=medium-loud
* Forte (f)=loud.
What are common dynamic markings?
117
A point of rest in the music.
What is a cadence?
118
A musical sentence marked by a cadence.
What is a phrase in music?
119
The smallest unit of music.
What is a note?
120
A single line of notes heard in succession.
melody?
