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MUSC Final Exam > Test COPY > Flashcards

Test COPY Flashcards

(120 cards)

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1
Q

melody?

A

A single line of notes heard in succession.

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2
Q

What is a note?

A

The smallest unit of music.

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3
Q

What is a phrase in music?

A

A musical sentence marked by a cadence.

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4
Q

What is a cadence?

A

A point of rest in the music.

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5
Q

What are common dynamic markings?

A
  • Piano (p)=soft
  • Mezzo-piano (mp)=medium-soft
  • Mezzo-forte (mf)=medium-loud
  • Forte (f)=loud.
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6
Q

What is rhythm?

A

Movement in time; patterns of duration and stress.

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7
Q

What is meter?

A

Repeating beat patterns (e.g., 4/4, 3/4).

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8
Q

What is tempo?

A

Speed of the music.

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9
Q

What is harmony?

A

Multiple simultaneous notes supporting the melody.

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10
Q

What are the three main textures in music?

A
  • Monophonic (one melody)
  • Homophonic (melody + accompaniment)
  • Polyphonic (independent melodies).
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11
Q

What is timbre?

A

Tone color or sound quality (e.g., trumpet=bright, clarinet=warm).

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12
Q

What are common musical forms?

A
  • Pop: AABABCB
  • Classical: ABA (ternary), AB (binary), ABACADA (rondo).
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13
Q

What does ‘Renaissance’ mean?

A

Rebirth.

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14
Q

What philosophy influenced Renaissance music?

A

Humanism.

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15
Q

What invention in 1440 spread music across Europe?

A

The printing press.

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16
Q

Name two key Renaissance composers.
(early or late?)

A
  • Josquin des Prez (early)
  • Palestrina (late).
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17
Q

What is the musical equivalent of visual perspective?

A

Polyphony (layered sounds).

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18
Q

What is special about Josquin’s Ave Maria?

A

Features imitative polyphony.

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19
Q

What is Sicut cervus by Palestrina based on?

A

Psalm 42.

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20
Q

Which later baroque composers were influenced by the Renaissance?

A
  • Bach
  • Handel
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21
Q

What is polyphony?

A

Multiple independent melodic lines.

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22
Q

How did Palestrina’s music serve the Church?

A

Upheld Catholic ideals post-Reformation with clear, sacred style.

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23
Q

What does ‘Baroque’ mean and where is it from?

A

From Portuguese ‘barroco,’ meaning irregular pearl.

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24
Q

Name two key Baroque composers.

A
  • Johann Sebastian Bach
  • Antonio Vivaldi.
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25
List three Baroque features.
* Ornamentation * Contrast * Terraced dynamics (sudden shifts).
26
What is Bach known for mastering?
The fugue (interwoven melodies).
27
What is Vivaldi’s *The Four Seasons* an example of?
Program music (depicts non-musical ideas).
28
How does Baroque music differ from Renaissance music?
More dramatic contrast, structured forms, basso continuo.
29
How does Baroque music reflect its era?
Reflects grandeur of Baroque art/architecture.
30
What is a concerto?
A piece for soloist and orchestra.
31
What is a fugue?
Imitative, layered counterpoint composition.
32
What are key traits of Classical music?
Clarity, balance, structure.
33
What texture replaced Baroque polyphony?
Homophonic texture.
34
Name three Classical forms.
* Sonata form * Symphony * String quartet.
35
How did Classical composers use dynamics?
With gradual changes (crescendo/decrescendo).
36
Name two Classical composers and a trait each.
* Mozart (elegant operas) * Beethoven (emotional range, transition to Romanticism).
37
Name one famous Mozart work.
* Symphony No. 40 * Queen of the Night Aria.
38
Name one famous Beethoven work.
* Symphony No. 5 (four-note motif, contrast).
39
How did the orchestra change in the Classical era?
Expanded instrumentation, more expressive role.
40
What is sonata form?
Exposition–Development–Recapitulation.
41
How did Beethoven influence the Classical style?
Expanded its emotional and structural range.
42
What defines Romantic music?
Emotion, imagination, individualism over structure.
43
What influenced Romantic composers?
Nature, nationalism, personal expression.
44
What is rubato?
Flexible tempo for expression.
45
How did the orchestra change in the Romantic era?
Larger, more dynamic range.
46
Name two Romantic composers and a work each.
* Chopin: Nocturne in E-flat Major * Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture.
47
Describe Romantic melodies.
Long, emotional.
48
Describe Romantic harmony.
Rich, chromatic.
49
What was Romantic texture like?
Mostly homophonic, but fuller.
50
How was form used in Romantic music?
Less rigid, often story-driven.
51
What inspired Romantic composers?
Poetry, landscape, personal struggle.
52
What changed in 20th-century music?
New scales, dissonance, irregular rhythms.
53
What influenced modern composers?
World Wars, technology, modern philosophy.
54
Name four movements in 20th-century music.
* Impressionism * Modernism * Minimalism * Electronic music.
55
Name three modern composers and a work each.
* Debussy: Clair de Lune * Stravinsky: The Rite of Spring * Barber: Adagio for Strings.
56
What is special about *Clair de Lune*?
Impressionistic, mood, tone color, rubato.
57
Why was *The Rite of Spring* shocking?
Dissonance, complex rhythms, caused a riot.
58
What mood does *Adagio for Strings* convey?
Mourning, slow tempo, emotional depth.
59
How does 20th-century music differ from earlier eras?
Atonality, abstract forms, experimentation.
60
What did modern music reflect?
Global crises, break from tradition.
61
melody?
A single line of notes heard in succession.
62
What is a note?
The smallest unit of music.
63
What is a phrase in music?
A musical sentence marked by a cadence.
64
What is a cadence?
A point of rest in the music.
65
What are common dynamic markings?
* Piano (p)=soft * Mezzo-piano (mp)=medium-soft * Mezzo-forte (mf)=medium-loud * Forte (f)=loud.
66
What is rhythm?
Movement in time; patterns of duration and stress.
67
What is meter?
Repeating beat patterns (e.g., 4/4, 3/4).
68
What is tempo?
Speed of the music.
69
What is harmony?
Multiple simultaneous notes supporting the melody.
70
What are the three main textures in music?
* Monophonic (one melody) * Homophonic (melody + accompaniment) * Polyphonic (independent melodies).
71
What is timbre?
Tone color or sound quality (e.g., trumpet=bright, clarinet=warm).
72
What are common musical forms?
* Pop: AABABCB * Classical: ABA (ternary), AB (binary), ABACADA (rondo).
73
What does 'Renaissance' mean?
Rebirth.
74
What philosophy influenced Renaissance music?
Humanism.
75
What invention in 1440 spread music across Europe?
The printing press.
76
Name two key Renaissance composers.
* Josquin des Prez (early) * Palestrina (late).
77
What is the musical equivalent of visual perspective?
Polyphony (layered sounds).
78
What is special about Josquin’s *Ave Maria*?
Features imitative polyphony.
79
What is *Sicut cervus* by Palestrina based on?
Psalm 42.
80
Which later composers were influenced by the Renaissance?
* Bach * Mozart.
81
What is polyphony?
Multiple independent melodic lines.
82
How did Palestrina’s music serve the Church?
Upheld Catholic ideals post-Reformation with clear, sacred style.
83
What does 'Baroque' mean and where is it from?
From Portuguese 'barroco,' meaning irregular pearl.
84
Name two key Baroque composers.
* Johann Sebastian Bach * Antonio Vivaldi.
85
List three Baroque features.
* Ornamentation * Contrast * Terraced dynamics (sudden shifts).
86
What is Bach known for mastering?
The fugue (interwoven melodies).
87
What is Vivaldi’s *The Four Seasons* an example of?
Program music (depicts non-musical ideas).
88
How does Baroque music differ from Renaissance music?
More dramatic contrast, structured forms, basso continuo.
89
How does Baroque music reflect its era?
Reflects grandeur of Baroque art/architecture.
90
What is a concerto?
A piece for soloist and orchestra.
91
What is a fugue?
Imitative, layered counterpoint composition.
92
What are key traits of Classical music?
Clarity, balance, structure.
93
What texture replaced Baroque polyphony?
Homophonic texture.
94
Name three Classical forms.
* Sonata form * Symphony * String quartet.
95
How did Classical composers use dynamics?
With gradual changes (crescendo/decrescendo).
96
Name two Classical composers and a trait each.
* Mozart (elegant operas) * Beethoven (emotional range, transition to Romanticism).
97
Name one famous Mozart work.
* Symphony No. 40 * Queen of the Night Aria.
98
Name one famous Beethoven work.
* Symphony No. 5 (four-note motif, contrast).
99
How did the orchestra change in the Classical era?
Expanded instrumentation, more expressive role.
100
What is sonata form?
Exposition–Development–Recapitulation.
101
How did Beethoven influence the Classical style?
Expanded its emotional and structural range.
102
What defines Romantic music?
Emotion, imagination, individualism over structure.
103
What influenced Romantic composers?
Nature, nationalism, personal expression.
104
What is rubato?
Flexible tempo for expression.
105
How did the orchestra change in the Romantic era?
Larger, more dynamic range.
106
Name two Romantic composers and a work each.
* Chopin: Nocturne in E-flat Major * Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture.
107
Describe Romantic melodies.
Long, emotional.
108
Describe Romantic harmony.
Rich, chromatic.
109
What was Romantic texture like?
Mostly homophonic, but fuller.
110
How was form used in Romantic music?
Less rigid, often story-driven.
111
What inspired Romantic composers?
Poetry, landscape, personal struggle.
112
What changed in 20th-century music?
New scales, dissonance, irregular rhythms.
113
What influenced modern composers?
World Wars, technology, modern philosophy.
114
Name four movements in 20th-century music.
* Impressionism * Modernism * Minimalism * Electronic music.
115
Name three modern composers and a work each.
* Debussy: Clair de Lune * Stravinsky: The Rite of Spring * Barber: Adagio for Strings.
116
What is special about *Clair de Lune*?
Impressionistic, mood, tone color, rubato.
117
Why was *The Rite of Spring* shocking?
Dissonance, complex rhythms, caused a riot.
118
What mood does *Adagio for Strings* convey?
Mourning, slow tempo, emotional depth.
119
How does 20th-century music differ from earlier eras?
Atonality, abstract forms, experimentation.
120
What did modern music reflect?
Global crises, break from tradition.

MUSC Final Exam (9 decks)

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