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CNA > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the otis media?

A

ear infection

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2
Q

what is a cell

A

basic unit of all living things

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3
Q

cells combine to form

A

tissues

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4
Q

tissues combine to form

A

organs

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5
Q

organs combine to form

A

systems

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6
Q

systems combine to form

A

organism

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7
Q

what are the seven warning signs of cancer

A

change in bowel conditions
a sore throat that doesn’t heal
unusual bleeding or discharge
lump in breast
indigestion/difficulty swallowing
obvious change of wart
nagging cough

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8
Q

what mnemonic can you use to remember cancer signs

A

caution

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9
Q

what is the integumentary system

A

skin

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10
Q

what is the function of the integumentary system

A

protect body from injury pathogens
regulate body temp
stores fats and vitamins

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11
Q

what changes happen to the integumentary system with age

A

thin frail skin,
lose elasticity
fatty layer decreases
nails brittle
skin tags, warts

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12
Q

what are varations to the integumentary system from normal

A

ulcers, sores, breaks in skin!!!

pale white
swelling
black and blue
abnormal temp
bloody drainage

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13
Q

what is a bony prominence

A

an area where bone sticks out or projects from flat surface of body

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14
Q

why are residents at risk for pressure injuries

A

Bedfast, fecal incontinence, exposure to moisture, poor nutrition, circulatory problems

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15
Q

how can you prevent pressure injuries

A

provide skin care, follow reposition schedule, prevent bed friction, prevent shearing, head of bed to 30 degrees, do not put on red area

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16
Q

what is the musculoskeletal system

A

provides structure and movement
give body shape

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17
Q

what are the types of muscles

A

involuntary
cardiac
smooth
voluntary
skeletal

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18
Q

what is the function of the musculoskeletal system

A

produce body heat
movement of body

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19
Q

why do we perform ROM

A

range of motion, keep muscles and limbs moveable

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20
Q

what changes happen to the musculoskeletal system from aging

A

muscles weaken
bones brittle
slower muscle and nerve interaction
joints stiffen, and lose flexibility
height decrease
pain moving

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21
Q

What is the nurse aides role in arthritis

A

encourage activity, follow care plan, encourage independence, maintain self esteem

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22
Q

what is the function of nervous system?

A

control, coordinate body functions
senses and interprets info and responds

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23
Q

what are the two parts of the nervous system

A

Central(brain and spinal), and Peripheral

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24
Q

what is the nervous system also called

A

neurological

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25
Q

what are the sensory organs

A

skin, nose, tongue, eyes, ears

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26
Q

what are the normal findings in the nervous system

A

alert, oriented
senses intact
coordination of limbs
reflexes present

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27
Q

What is the nurse aides role after a stroke

A

ROM, body alignment, verbal communication, be aware of temps, adapt self care to limitations

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28
Q

what is the function cardiovascular system?

A

movement of blood through body

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29
Q

blood returns to the heart by what

A

veins

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30
Q

what changes does the cardiovascular system experience from age

A

heart less effective
blood pumps with less force
arteries lose elasticity
higher/lower blood pressure

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31
Q

what is conjestive heart failure

A

when one or both sides of heart stop pumping blood effectivily
left side causes blood backup in lungs
right side damage causes blood backup in legs, feet, abdomen.

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32
Q

what are the symptoms of conjestive heart failure

A

tired, weak, dizzy, edema, weight gain

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33
Q

how do you care for conjestive heart failure

A

rest periods, intake and output, extra pillows, head of bed elevated, range of motion.

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34
Q

what is a contractor

A

muscles become unmovable

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35
Q

what is osteoporosis

A

bones brittle with age and fracture

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36
Q

what is the function of the respiratory system?

A

involves breathing in and out

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37
Q

what is the cardiovascular system also called

A

circulatory

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38
Q

what is the structure of the respiratory system

A

upper respiratory tract- nose mouth, throat
lower respiratory track- lungs, bronchi, trachea

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39
Q

what happens to the respiratory system with age

A

muscles weaken
lung tissue loses elasticity
oxygen in blood decreases
lung capacity decrease

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40
Q

what are variations from normal in the respiratory system

A

shallow breathing
coughing
nasal conjestion
slow/fast respiratory rate
cyanosis- changes in color
pain in chest

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41
Q

What is COPD

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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42
Q

what are two diseases of COPD

A

broncitis, emphysema

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43
Q

what happens with COPD

A

trouble breathing
chronic broncitis
lungs dont get enough oxygen
poor appetite, trouble sleep
poor health. cough, wheezing, confusion

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44
Q

what is the nurse aides role in COPD

A

sit upright
offer fluids
observe oxygen in use
encourage rest

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45
Q

what is the structure of the digestive system

A

upper- mouth, esophagus, stomach
lower- intestines

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46
Q

what is the function of the digestive system

A

digest food, absorb nutrients, eliminate waste

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47
Q

what changes happen to the digestive system with age

A

decrease saliva, decrease appetite, altered taste, smell, proteins, vitamins not absorbed as well

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48
Q

What is the nurse aides role in digestive system

A

make sure dentures in place
observe for choking
provide fluid, fiber
keep anus clean
provide privacy
physical activity

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49
Q

what is the urinary system

A

filter of the body, responsible for ridding waste products from blood

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50
Q

what is the structure of the urinary system

A

kidneys- filter waste, water and blood pressure balance
ureters- narrow tubes
urinary bladder- muscular sac
urethra- tube

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51
Q

what is urinary retention

A

urine remains in bladder

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52
Q

what is the nurse aides role in urinary system

A

keep anus clean
provide privacy
drink fluids often
sitting position

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53
Q

what is the endocrine system

A

system of glands that secrete chemicals into bloodstream to regulate bodily function

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54
Q

what is the function of the endocrine system

A

maintain homeostasis
enfluence growth
regulate reproduction
regulate sugar

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55
Q

what are the variations of the endocrine system

A

headache, vision, dizzy, weak, hunger, sweating, dry skin.

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56
Q

what is diabetes

A

pancreas does not produce enough insulin, glucuse cannot move from blood to cells, and sugar builds ups

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57
Q

what is the immune system

A

defends inside and outside
protect body from bacteria/virus
provides immunity

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58
Q

what variations happen to the immune system

A

fever, redness, swelling, anxiety, vomit, stiff joints

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59
Q

what common disorders happen to the immune system

A

lupus- immune system attack tissue causing redness, pain, swelling, and damage.
graves- immune attacks thyroid gland which causes to secrete more tyroid hormone.

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60
Q

aspiration

A

accidental breathing in food, fluid, vomit into lungs

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61
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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62
Q

what are characteristics of good nutrition

A

healthy body, alert, healthy hair, bright eyes, appetite, sleep patterns

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63
Q

what are characteristics of poor nutrition

A

dull eyes, bad stool, tired, anemia

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64
Q

why is water important

A

needed for cells, part of the blood, move oxygen into cells, removes waste products, helps digestion, maintain body temp

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65
Q

which nutrient is needed to grow new tissue and help with repair

A

protein

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66
Q

which mineral keeps bones and teeth strong

A

calcium

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67
Q

age related changes affecting nutrition

A

fewer calories, vitimin requirements change, saliva decreases, appetite decreases, constipation

68
Q

what information is included in the diet card

A

lists room, name, type diet

69
Q

what information does the na need to confirm on the diet card before serving

A

confirm name and right diet

70
Q

what are the causes of dysphagia

A

illness, meds, weakness, dentures

71
Q

what are the symptoms of dyphagia

A

eats slowly, avoid certain textures, swallow one bite several times, vomits, eyes water, cough, heartburn, gurgles

72
Q

what are the two types of thickened fluids

A

nector and honey

73
Q

what is the nurse aides role in preventing aspiration

A

upright position, feed slowly, avoid distraction, offer drink, provide mouthcare, report symptoms

74
Q

what is the nurse aides role in dehydration

A

determine liquid preference, water in reach, observe and report symptoms.

75
Q

what diseases can cause edema to occur

A

failure of kidney, heart

76
Q

what happens if fluid intake is greater than output

A

edema

77
Q

what is recording

A

written/electronic documentation of care and observations by healthcare team

78
Q

medical record

A

collection of documents regarding residents condition and response to treatment and care. keeps all team updated on residents care

79
Q

what is HIPAA

A

health insurance portability accountability act

80
Q

what does hipaa do

A

protects the privacy and security of a persons health information
no electronic transmission of document, photos, videos protect identity, health conditions, and phone

81
Q

what is the nurse aides role in reporting

A

accurate and responsible, facts not opinions, report to designated employee, report changes, report before end of shift.

82
Q

what does the nurse aide report

A

care given, resident response, observation, convos out of ordinary, unusual actions

83
Q

what things should the nurse aide report to the nurse immedietly

A

severe pain, ability to respond, mobility, vision, breathing, swallow, facial expressions, numbness, vomit, blood, unusual odor, vital signs, skin color

84
Q

what is objective data

A

observations using senses

85
Q

what is subjective data

A

information you are told

86
Q

what is the nursing process

A

method used to plan and deliver nursing care to resident

87
Q

what are the five steps in the nursing process

A

assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation

88
Q

what is the nurse aides role in the nursing process

A

assist nurse collecting information, take vitals, provide care with positive, report observations, determines of goals met, report reaction to intervention

89
Q

what is the nursing care plan used for

A

outlines individuals priorities, goals

90
Q

what is the nurse aide’s role in the nursing care plan

A

assist collection of info, report client response

91
Q

the incident report is intended for use by who

A

between the facility and facility legal team

92
Q

when is an incident report required

A

resident falls, verbalizes pain, shows fear, pain, resident missing, mistake in care, personal belonging breaks, nurse aide feels uncomfortable threatened, sexual advances

93
Q

why is the incident report important

A

required by facility upon state and federal guidelines
completed by those on scene, detailed accurate account of who, when, what, where

94
Q

who is involved in filling out the incident report

A

involved on scene, duty at time, observed

95
Q

what information is not included in the incident report

A

DOB and SSN

96
Q

what is critical thinking

A

excersing or involving careful judgement based on facts and observation

97
Q

critical thinking important

A

it is what makes us adaptable, enables us to act independently, and allows us to move beyond what we already know

98
Q

what questions should you ask yourself when critical thinking is needed

A

what problem do i need to solve
who should be involved
what info do i need
how do i solve this problem
what am i missing

99
Q

punitive

A

inflicting, involving, or aiming at punishment

100
Q

kardex

A

a type of card file that includes information important to the care of residents and includes drugs, treatments, diagnosis, and special needs

101
Q

maslows heirarchy of needs

A

meeting an individuals physical needs before meeting psychosocial needs

102
Q

physiological

A

relating to way in which a living organism or body part functions

103
Q

benign tumor

A

nonlife threatening

104
Q

epithelial tissue

A

tissue that covers internal and external body surfaces (lines nose, mouth, stomach, and intestines)

105
Q

metastasis

A

when a cancer spreads to other parts of body by breaking off and traveling through body

106
Q

organelle

A

carry on work of cells

107
Q

radiation

A

medical treatment that kills cancer cells using xray beams at tumor

108
Q

bedfast

A

confined to bed

109
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin

110
Q

pressure injury stage 1

A

intact skin, redness

111
Q

pressure injury stage 2

A

skin loss, blister or shallow pink ulcer

112
Q

pressure injury stage 3

A

skin gone, visible fat, slough-soft dead tissue

113
Q

pressure injury stage 4

A

full thickness skin and tissue loss with muscle and bone exposure. eschar- thick leathery dead tissue

114
Q

shear

A

when layers of skin rub against, tissues underneath move and stretch causing damage to capillaries and blood vessels

115
Q

stasis dermatitis

A

a skin condition affecting lower legs and ankles that occurs from a buildup of fluid under the skin and causes problems with circulation

116
Q

contracture

A

permenant shortening of muscle resulting in immovable joints

117
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending the toes and foot upward at the ankle

118
Q

flexion

A

bending a body part

119
Q

ligaments

A

connect bone to bone

120
Q

osteoarthritis

A

degenerative joint disease affecting the elderly and may occur with aging or joint injury ussually involving weight bearing hips and knees

121
Q

osteoporosis

A

loss of bone density causing bones to become porous and brittle

122
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

crippling, disease forming deformaties, with stiff, painful joints

123
Q

synovial membrane

A

lining of joints that secretes synovial fluid that acts as lubricant allowing joints to move smootly

124
Q

cerebral cortex

A

outer layer of cerbrum where ideas, thinking, analysis, judgement, guides speech, control voluntary muscle movement

125
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness of one side of body

126
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on one side of body

127
Q

paresis

A

loss of use of muscle function affecting only part of body

128
Q

parkensins disease

A

progressive, incurable disease that causes part brain to degenerate, leaving stiffened muscles, and bent posture

129
Q

quadriplegia

A

complete loss of function occurs to lower and upper body, plus trunk

130
Q

receptive aphasia

A

difficulty understanding spoken or written words

131
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain occuring when heart muscles is not getting enough oxygen, due to narrowed blood vessels brought about by exercise

132
Q

atherosclerosis

A

arteries harden due to plaque buildup from fatty deposits

133
Q

myocardial infection

A

a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and lack oxygen, causing damage or death to that area of the heart

134
Q

peripheral vascular disease

A

poor circulation of legs, feets, arms, due to fatty deposits

135
Q

varicose veins

A

enlarged, twisted veins ussually in legs

136
Q

cyanosis

A

changes in skin color

137
Q

emphysema

A

progressive disease of lungs causing damage, from chronic bronchitis

138
Q

thorax

A

closed cavity of body that contains structures needed for respiration

139
Q

colostomy

A

surgically created opening through abdomen into large intestine to allow stool to be expelled into bag

140
Q

defecation

A

the passage of the bowel movement from large intestines out of body through anus

141
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of stomach lining

142
Q

gastric ulcer

A

raw sores in stomach caused by excessive acid secretion

143
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

chronic condition when liquid contents of stomach back up into esophagus that can damage lining

144
Q

peristalsis

A

involuntary contractions that move food through digestive

145
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic imflammatory disease of large intestine

146
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy

A

enlargement of prostate gland, leading to urinary disfunction

147
Q

cystitis

A

imflammation bladder from infection

148
Q

suria

A

painful urination

149
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine

150
Q

nephritis

A

imflammation of kidney from infection

151
Q

cystocele

A

weakening of wall between urethra and vagina causing bladder to drop down into vaginal canal

152
Q

prolapse

A

when a pelvic organ drops into vaginal canal

153
Q

rectocele

A

occurs when wall of tissue weakens causing rectum to shift downward into vaginal canal

154
Q

diabetes mellitis

A

occurs when pncreas produces to little insulin causing sugar buildup in the blood

155
Q

graves disease

A

immune system attacks thyroid gland cause more secretion of thyroid hormone

156
Q

lupus

A

the immune system attacks tissues causing redness, pain, and swelling.

157
Q

what does a patient need if there tired, enemia, short of breath

A

iron

158
Q

what is peristalsis

A

intestines contract

159
Q

what do patients need most when going through kemo

A

emotional support

160
Q

what is the nurse aides role in COPD patient

A

help with breathing

161
Q

what heals pressure injuries

A

protien

162
Q

what could happen if the bed covers are too tight

A

contraction in the tendon of the ankle

163
Q

who completes the incident report

A

nurse

164
Q

what is maslows heirarchy of needs

A

physiological
safety/security
love and belonging
self esteem
self actualization

165
Q

what are signs of hypoglycemia

A

hunger,vomit,weak,shaky,sweating,fast pulse,fast respiration,confusion,clamy skin,convulsions

166
Q

what are signs of hyperglycemia

A

weak,drowsy,thirst,dry mouth,hunger,low blood pressure,dry skin,blurred vision

CNA (5 decks)

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