test 2

Question 1

The ____________ nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 1

Central nervous system

Question 2

When a neuron is at its resting potential, opening a Na+ ion channel results in net
movement of Na+

Answer 2

into the cell by facilitated diffusion

Question 3

The channels which are most important in determining the resting potential are:

Answer 3

open channels for sodium

Question 4

=

Answer 4

=

Question 5

no

Answer 5

no

Question 6

A neuron in a lower limb transmitting a signal from within a nerve to the central
nervous system is best classified as a(n)

Answer 6

sensory or afferent neuron

Question 7

The channels which either open or close in response to a neurotransmitter are called

Answer 7

ligand or chemically-gated channels

Question 8

A C.N.S. neuroglia cell having little feet and can help support endothelial cells
making up the blood-brain barrier are called

Answer 8

astrocytes

Question 9

at the peak of an action potential

Answer 9

sodium -gated channels close potasium voltage-gated channels open

Question 10

Which of the following structures house voltage-gated protein channels necessary
for carrying an action potential along the entire length of an axon:

Answer 10

nodes of Ranvier

Question 11

A neuron which is unipolar has _______ process(es) extending from its
cell body (soma) surface and functions as a ___________ neuron

Answer 11

1, sensory

Question 12

in order for the brain to send an impulse to the biceps muscle the action potential
must normally pass through

Answer 12

cell bodies and axons of afferent (sensory) axons

Question 13

Which of the following types of neurons has its cell body located in a ganglion?

Answer 13

afferent (sensory) neuron

Question 14

nerve fiber is unresponsive to a stimulus of normal strength, however it responds
when the strength of the stimulus is increased. The membrane is in the

Answer 14

relative refractory period.

Question 15

What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?

Answer 15

It binds to troponin to expose a myosin binding site.

Question 16

You have been selected by your peers to explain about how the molecules found
within the I-band of a sarcomere work. Which protein should you speak about?

Answer 16

actin

Question 17

Tropomyosin and troponin

Answer 17

help to regulate the contractile cycle.

Question 18

p

Answer 18

k

Question 19

. Which of the following units of muscle is larger than a myofibril, but smaller than
a muscle fascicle?

Answer 19

myofiber

Question 20

suppose that a muscle fiber was stimulated to the point that Ca2+ ions were in high
concentration within the sarcoplasm, but there is no ATP circulating from inside the
cell. What state would the muscle fiber be in?

Answer 20

. rigor

Question 21

Detachment of the cross-bridges connecting the myosin heads to actin is
dependent upon:

Answer 21

ATP

Question 22

hich of the following structures is NOT associated with individual sarcomeres:

Answer 22

motor end plate

Question 23

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder causing antibodies to target and
destroy acetylcholine receptors located on the motor end plates of skeletal muscle.
One of main problems associated with this condition is that

Answer 23

Na+ ions will not be able to gain entry to the muscle cell through chemical gates

Question 24

Which of the following molecules can myosin attach to?

Answer 24

Not atp adp or actin

Question 25

Which of the following terms is correctly paired with its connective tissue covering?

Answer 25

muscle cell-endomysium

Question 26

u read an article about venomous snakes. You learn about a rare snake producing a poison that blocks calcium pumps in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells. As a result, Ca2+ ions accumulate in the sarcoplasm and cannot be pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum for proper storage. For anybody who is exposed to the venom, which one of the following processes will most likely be affected

Answer 26

The ability of muscle fibers to stretch and relax

Question 27

When acetylcholine is released by a somatic motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction, it stimulates a skeletal muscle fiber to depolarize. Which type of channel does acetylcholine stimulate to open

Answer 27

chemical-gated Na+ ion channels

Question 28

Starting with the heart muscle proper, or myocardium, arrange the layers within the heart wall in the correct order from deepest to most superficial in position

Answer 28

myocardium, epicardium, parietal pericardium, fibrous pericardium

Question 29

During isovolumetric contraction in ventricular systole the AV valves are __________, and the semilunar valves are ______________.

Answer 29

. closed; open

Question 30

One of the students in your A and P laboratory section named Jesse discovers a heart valve held in place by several thin threads. Another student, Ted in your class explains that the threads can be pulled by thick muscles known as papillary muscles located in the ventricular myocardium. Based on this information, which valve has Jesse most likely identified

Answer 30

The valve could be either the bicuspid or tricuspid valve

Question 31

Which blood vessels transport blood from the pulmonary trunk to each lung to be oxygenated?

Answer 31

pulmonary arteries

Question 32

Which of the following structures are involved in the pulmonary circuit?

Answer 32

right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, left atrium

Question 33

[

Answer 33

]

Question 34

In cardiac muscle, the rapid depolarization phase of the action potential is a result of:

Answer 34

increased membrane permeability to Na+ ions

Question 35

If the connection between the SA node and the AV nodes is blocked

Answer 35

. the ventricles will beat at a slower rate

Question 36

What are dorasl root ganglia

Answer 36

sensory neurons

Question 37

what do only motor neuorns have

Answer 37

dendriets axons somas nodes of ravienr shawn cells

Question 38

where are ganglias found

Answer 38

in the cell bodies of the p.n.s \

Question 39

are motor nuerons multipolar

Answer 39

YES

Question 40

why is something bipolar

Answer 40

they have 2 processes leaving the cell body

Question 41

what is bipolar in charge of

Answer 41

special sensory stuff sight smell taste

Question 42

wich structure is not associated with a motor signal

Answer 42

dorsal root ganglia

Question 43

what are buddels of nerve fibers called in the c.n.s

Answer 43

tracts

Question 44

what are bundells of fibers called in the p.n.s

Answer 44

nerves

Question 45

what structure is not part of the nervous system

Answer 45

transverse tubuels

Question 46

what is the space between nuerons called

Answer 46

synapse

Question 47

what cell associates with the system that supplys supoort

Answer 47

nuerolgia cells

Question 48

what does a oligodendricite do

Answer 48

produces myaline for the cell

Question 49

in order for a cell to exit what ion has to move

Answer 49

spdoium

Question 50

how does spdium enter the cell

Answer 50

chemical gates

Question 51

what is it called when a post synaptic cell gets exited

Answer 51

graded potential

Question 52

where does action potentiasl only take place

Answer 52

voltage channel gates on the axon

Question 53

what happens during the first phase

Answer 53

depolarization sodium enetrs the cell

Question 54

how does something meet its threashold

Answer 54

sodium enters

Question 55

wich part of the cell passes signals to pre and post synaptic cells

Answer 55

the axon

Question 56

what signal dies

Answer 56

graded potenials

Question 57

are all motor nuerons in the cns multipolar

Answer 57

yes

Question 58

what are nuerotransmitters mostly associated with

Answer 58

chemical gates

Question 59

when depolaraztion occurs to threshold what gates open

Answer 59

sodium channel gates

Question 60

is action potential all or noyhing

Answer 60

YES

Question 61

if a nueron is in real refrac period what makes it reach threshold

Answer 61

larger then normal stimulus

Question 62

does the absolute refactory period chnage for anything

Answer 62

NO

Question 63

what is gthe space between shawn cells

Answer 63

node of raviner

Question 64

I band

Answer 64

Action-light band

Question 65

A Band

Answer 65

Dark band-actin myosin

Question 66

what stores calcium

Answer 66

sarcoplasmic recticulum

Question 67

what is a cell membrane called on a muscle cell

Answer 67

sarcolema

Question 68

what molocules stop contraction

Answer 68

atp

Question 69

what molocule binds to toponin

Answer 69

calcium

Question 70

if it is inside of your bidy is it smooth

Answer 70

YES