test 2 Flashcards
(45 cards)
normal age-related skin changes
decrease thickness, elasticity, wound healing, fat, fair follicles, dry skin and mucous membranes, skin spots.
xerosis, pruritis, scales, purapura, tears, keratosis, shingles, candidiasis
how to prevent common skin problems in older adults
Moisturize, hydrate, avoid sun, sunscreen
what is the Braden scale
scale to assess pressure injury
sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition , friction
higher is better
age-related nutrition changes
decreased tastebuds, saliva, odor, gastric motility, acid, emptying, appetite, muscle, increased fat,
how to prevent aspiration with dysphagia?
assess ability to swallow, assist with feeding, head of the bed,
what nutrients do older adults need?
less than 10% of fats, half veggies and fruit, 25% carbs, 25% protein, 25g of fiber
who is at risk for malnutrition?
people in acute and long term care, chronic disease and functional impairments, dementia, depression
age-related hydration changes
thirst decreased, creatinine decreased, total body water decreased, loss of muscle, increased fat, meds, functional impairment, conditions
what puts elders at risk for dehydration
changes, surgery, trauma, emotional illness,
what are the best ways to promote oral health?
frequent assessments, teach interventions, screening for disease, clean and fitting dentures, hygiene in hospitals and with feeding tubes,
age related changes to the urinary system
decreased bladder side, blood flow, tone and elasticity, urge to go, weak contractions, bladder can’t hold much,
how to promote healthy bladder and urinary system
increase fluids, regular pee schedule, teach pt, hygiene, identify UI
risk factors for urinary incontinence
mobility, cognition, caffeine, obesity, constipation ,hysterectomy, dementia, drugs,
age related changes for GI system
villi changes, blood flow decreases protein, fats, vitamins, slowed peristalsis, decreased response to rectal filling
age related changes in sleep
more time awake in bed and before falling asleep, sleep time and efficiency are reduced, day napping, changes in circadian rhythm, lighter sleep, abnormal breathing and movement
how to help insomnia
sleep hygiene, sleep assessment and diary,
actions to enhance sleep
sleep hygiene and meds
what nursing actions are important for sleep apnea
Cpaps, teaching, therapy
what nursing actions are important for restless leg syndrome
low dose of meds, mild exercise, massage, no alcohol or caffeine
What benefits do older adults experience with physical activity
Enhance health and functional status, decrease chronic illness, helps depression,
What are ways older adults keep active
Waster aerobics, walking, grandkids, yoga, classes, 2.5 hrs a week
What are the risk factors for falls
Hx of falls, gait disturbances, foot deformities, orthostatic hypotension, cognitive impairment, vision and hearing, meds.
Orthostatic hypotension
Decreased by 20 systolic or 10. Distolic
What are fall risk interventions
Programs, NICHE, ACE, GRN, HELP, vision screening, reduce meds, cv assessment, teach, help balance
