Test 2 Flashcards by Blaire Broussard

Progressive tissue changes in reversible injury __ in size

Increase

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Regressive tissue changes in reversible injury ___ in size

Decrease

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An injury which is considered irreversible is

Death

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The regressive changes in tissue that is an accumulation or build of a substance intracellular within the protoplasm is known as

Degeneration

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The common type of degeneration is

Cellular (cloudy) swelling

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The type of degeneration that is the accumulation or build of fat within the cells or protoplasm is

Fatty degeneration (change/metamorphosis)

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The type of degeneration that is the accumulation or buildup of amyloid (a waxy starch like substance within the protoplasm of normal cells) is

Amyloid disease

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Two examples of Amyloid disease are

TB, Osteomyelitis “inflammation of the spongy bone marrow”

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The type of regressive tissue change that is the accumulation or buildup of a substance in between the cells or intercellular is

Infiltration

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The type of infiltration that is the the accumulation or buildup of a pigmented or colored substance between cells is

Pigmentation

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The type of pigmentation that is the accumulation of pigmented substance outside the body is

Exogenous

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The type of pigmentation that has color changes naturally produced within the body is

Endogenous

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The type of pigmentation that is the accumulation or buildup of calcium salts between the cells is

Calcification (calcareous infiltration)

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The type of pigmentation that is the accumulation of excess uric acid, especially seen in the big toe causing pain or tenderness is

Gout

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Tattoos
Plumbism: seen along the gum line in humans when exposed to high levels of lead
Anthracosis: coal miners/ black lung disease Bismuth poisoning: color change seen in between small and large intestines
These are examples of ___ pigmentation

Exogenous

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Jaundice: a yellow/green color produced by liver failure
Freckles: an increased localized amount of melanin
Moles: benign pigmented tumors
Albinism: complete absence of melanin production
Birthmarks: normally shades of red/ benign tumor of blood vascular tissue
These are examples of ___ pigmentation

Endogenous

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Calcium salts: as seen in sclerotic vessels
Bone fractures: the natural method by which the body heals
These are examples of ___ pigmentation

Calcification

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The process by which you have a localized area of narcotic or dead tissue during life is known as

Necrosis

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Insufficient blood supply
Physical agents: temperature extremes and radiation
Chemical agents
Loss of nerve supply 
These are all causes for

Necrosis

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The type of necrosis that is cheese like in appearance commonly seen in TB is

Caseous necrosis

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The type of necrosis where a foul odor is present and saprophytes are present and use dead tissue as a food supply is known as

Moist/ true gangrene

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“Caused by a reduction in arterial blood supply, after death has saprophytes have invaded the tissue” is known as

Ischemic necrosis plus putrefaction

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The type of necrosis in which no saprophytes are present, has no odor, and nice line between functioning/ non- functioning tissue is

Dry/ false gangrene

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The type of necrosis that is infectious and caused by the spore forming bacteria Clostridium perfringens during life; M.O causes tissue gas in death is

Gas gangrene

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The dead epithelial tissue also known as a bedsore is a

Decubitus ulcer

The type of regressive change in tissue where there is a decrease in size of a body part or organ that previously was of normal size is

Atrophy

The type of atrophy where there is a decrease in the size of a body part or organ due to a decreased functional demand is

Physiological atrophy

The type of atrophy where there is a decrease in size due to disease is called

Pathological atrophy

The body's total response to any injury is known as

Inflammation

The function of the protective response if possible of inflammation includes what three factors

Destroy the causative agent Limit the area infected Begin the process of repair

The four causes of inflammation are

Physical irritants Chemical Irritants Infectious agents immunological reactions

The inflammatory process by which there is excess blood in a body part or organ, the first phase of inflammation in which whole blood is shipped to the area of injury by the arteries reaction of the vascular system is

Hyperemia (congestion)

The inflammatory process which is the oozing of fluids at the level of the capillaries is called

Exudation

The exudation which contains pus caused by an infectious agent is

Purulent/ suppurative

The exudation which contains blood is

Hemorrhagic

The exudation which does not contain pus such as blisters is

Serous

The Latin term for the cardinal signs/ symptoms of heat is

Calor

The Latin term for the cardinal signs/ symptoms of redness is

Rubor

The Latin term for the cardinal signs/ symptoms of pain is

Dolor

The Latin term for the cardinal signs/ symptoms of altered function is

Functio laesa

The inflammatory lesion that is a localization of pus is an

Abscess

The inflammatory lesion that is the diffusion or widespread inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue that appears as a red line spreading rapidly just beneath the surface of the skin is

Phlegmon (cellulitis)

The inflammatory lesion that is a slight elevation on the surface of the skin filled with serous is a

Vesicle (blister)

The inflammatory lesion that is a a single non- communicating boil (an abscess of a hair follicle or sweat gland “acne”) is a

Furnuncle

The inflammatory lesion that is a communicating boil (a single way of which pus drains, occurs in two or more) is called

Carbuncles

The inflammatory lesion that is an abnormal passageway either located entirely within the body or a passage way within the body located directly to the outside is a

Fistuala

The inflammatory lesion the is a local area of necrotic epithelial (digestive “perforation, hemorrhage”, diabetic, decubitus) is an

Ulcer

The inflammatory lesion that is on elevation on the skin which contains pus is a

Pustule

The outcome of inflammation that is the replacement of damaged or diseased tissue with the exact same type of tissue (one of the processes by which completes inflammation) is known as

Regeneration

The type of regeneration that is the replacement of damaged or diseased tissue with the exact same type of tissue due to increase functional demand is

Physiological regeneration

The type of regeneration that is the replacement of damaged or diseased tissue with the exact same type of tissue due to disease (burns of the skin) is

Pathological regeneration

The outcome of inflammation that is the replacement of damaged or diseased tissue with healthy new cells most common being connective tissue cells or by surgery (one of the processes by which completes inflammation) is

Repair

The outcome of inflammation that signals an end of the exudation phase of inflammation is

Resolution

Inflammation of the brain/ encephalon caused by a bateria/ virus is

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the spinal cord is

Myelitis

Inflammation of the three layered membrane surrounding the brain is

Meningitis

Inflammation of the gray matter portion of the spinal cord caused by a virus known to be neurotrophic is

Poliomyelitis

Inflammation of the structural and functional unit of the neural system, the neuron is

Neuritis

The five types of inflammation of the nervous system include

``` Encephalitis Myelitis Meningitis Poliomyelitis Neuritis ```

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity is

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the pharynx, commonly associated with a sore throat is

Pharyngitis

Inflammation of one or more of the four sets of par nasal sinuses is

Sinusitis

Inflammation of the voicebox is

Laryngitis

Inflammation of the pleura, the thin membrane which line the lungs

Pleuritis

Inflammation of the windpipe, the passageway for air between the voice box and the lungs is

Tracheitis

Inflammation of one or both passageways for air between the windpipe and the lungs is

Bronchitis

Inflammation of the mouth is

Stomatitis

Inflammation of the tongue is

Glossitis

Inflammation of the gums is

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the esophagus, the muscular tube that conveys food from the throat to the stomach is

Esophagitis

Inflammation of the stomach is

Gastritis

Inflammation of the small intestines is

Enteritis

Inflammation of the diverticulum, an intestinal hernia is

Diverticulitis

Inflammation of the colon, the longest division of the large intestines is

Colitis

Inflammation of the rectum, the part between the sigmoid colon and the anal canal is

Proctitis

Inflammation of the peritoneum, the largest of the serous membranes that lines the abdominal viscera is

Peritonitis

Inflammation of the pancreas, the only organ that has two functions is

Pancreatitis

Inflammation of the liver is

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder is

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of one or more of the bile ducts is

Cholangitis

Inflammation of the vermiform the snakelike structure attached to the cecum is

Appendicitis

Inflammation of the renal pelvis, the central area for the collection of urine is

Pyelitis

Inflammation of the structural and functional unit of the kidney caused by pus forming bacteria is

Pyelonephritis

Inflammation of the little tuffs of capillaries within the structural and functional unit of the kidneys is

Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the ureter, the slender tube which conveys urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder is

Ureteritis

Inflammation of the urinary bladder is

Cystitis

Inflammation of the urethra, the slender tube that conveys urine from the bladder to the outside of the body is

Urthritis

Inflammation of one or both of the testes, caused by trauma or mumps is

Orchitis

Inflammation of the prostate gland, the walnut sized gland at the base of the bladder

Prostatitis

Inflammation of one or both of the ovaries

Oophoritis

Inflammation of one or both of the fallopian tubes, the passage way for eggs between the ovaries and uterus is

Salpingitis

Inflammation of the endometrium, the innermost layer of the uterus is

Endometritis

Inflammation of the endo-cervix, the innermost layer of the lower constrict neck like portion of the uterus is

Endocervicitis

Inflammation of the vagina, the birth canal is

Vaginitis

Inflammation of the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart is

Pericarditis

Inflammation of the myocardium, muscle layer of the heart is

Myocardium

Inflammation of the endocardium, the innermost layer of the heart from which heart valves are made is

Endocarditis

Inflammation of an artery is

Arteritis

Inflammation of a vein is

Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein because of the presence of an attached blood clot during life called a thrombus is

Thrombophlebitis

Inflammation of the skin, most common is called contact dermatitis is

Dermatitis

Inflammation of the bursa, the sac lining frequently used joints, typically the scapula (the shoulder joint) is

Bursitis

Inflammation of the spongy bone marrow is

Osteomylitis

Inflammation of the joints is

Arthritis

Inflammation of the one or more of the three sets of tonsils, the tissue between the mouth and throat is

Tonsilitis

Inflammation of the lymph vessels is

Lymphangitis

The two inflammatory conditions associated with the lymphatic system are

Tonsilitis | Lymphangitis

The four inflammatory conditions associated with the skin and skeletomuscular system are

Dermatitis Bursitis Osteomyelitis Arthritis

Test 2 Flashcards

(108 cards)