Test 2 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is an endogenous circannual rhythm?
How animals keep track of dates etc
What does endogenous mean?
Generated from within
What is a endogenous circadian rhythm?
They last about a day, generate a wake-sleep cycle
What does a human circadian rhythm look like?
Impacts more then just waking or sleeping ; hunger, thirst etc, also impacts mood
What is the stimulus that resets your circadian rhythm?
Zeitgeber which means time giver
What are examples of Zeitgebers?
Light for land mammals and tides for marine animals
What is jetlag?
Disruption of circadian rhythms after crossing time zones
What is phase delay?
Going to sleep earlier and waking up earlier makes it hard to go to sleep and wake up, Happens when travelling east
How does the body generate circadian rhythms?
The SCN
What is the SCN?
Generates rhythms automatically
What is pure autonomic failure?
Condition causing complete cease of activity in the ANS
What is the facial-feedback hypothesis?
Smiling makes you feel happier and frowning unhappier
How does botox effect mood?
Blocks transmission at nerve-muscle junctions
How does the brain represent emotion?
Heart rate and breathing increase
What is activation?
Left hemisphere relates to Behavioural activation system
- low to moderate autonomic arousal and tendency to approach
What is inhibition?
activity in right hemisphere relates to behavioural inhibition
- inhibiting impulses and resolving conflict between drives
What does greater activity in the left FC mean?
Happier and more extroverted
What does greater activity in the right hemisphere mean?
Socially withdrawn, cautious and prone to unpleasant emotions
What does damage to the ventromedial part of the PFC do?
Causes people not to consider emotional aspects
- e.g. not feeling sad after loved ones death
What are some environmental factors that impact attack behaviours?
- abusive childhood
- witnessing violence between parents
- violent neighborhood
- alcohol drugs
- harmful chemicals
What does a deficiency of MAOA mean?
Linked with high probability of violence
- Breaks down leftover hormones
- more likely in male as linked to X chromosome
What is the dual-hormone hypothesis?
Aggressive behaviour relates to facilitation by testosterone and inhibition by hormone cortisol
What is the moro reflex?
Built in reaction to loud noise causing newborns to arch back , extend limbs and cry
What is the startle reflex?
muscles stiffen from auditory information, especially neck
