Test #2 Flashcards by Brittni Barnes

MCP convex/concave rule

Concave phalanx glides over convex metacarpal in same direction as shaft of phalanx

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MCP
PIP
DIP
CMC
MCP
IP

Metacarpophalangeal joint
Proximal Interphalangeal joint
Distal Interphalangeal joint
Carpometacarpal joint
Metacarpophalangeal joint
Interphalangeal joint

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MCP: what is the Osteokinematics?

2 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
ABD/ADD

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If the MCP is in flexion, what movement will be limited?

ABD/ADD

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What is the Capsular Pattern of the MCP?

Equal restrictions of flex/ext

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PIP & DIP: what is the Osteokinematics?

They are synovial hinge joints with 1 degree of freedom

Flex/ext

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What is the Capsular Pattern of the PIP & DIP?

Equal restrictions of flex/ext

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PIP & DIP convex/concave rule

Sliding of concave base of distal phalanx on convex head of proximal phalanx

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Thumb CMC: what is the Osteokinematics?

Saddle joint with 2 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
ABD/ADD

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Thumb CMC: convex/concave rule

Concave first metacarpal slides on convex traquitrium in same direction as metacarpal shaft during flex/ext

During ABD/ADD there is a slide in the opposite direction

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What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb CMC joint?

Limitation of ABD and extension

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Thumb MCP: what is the Osteokinematics?

It is a condyloid joint with 2 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
Minimal ABD/ADD

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Thumb MCP: convex/concave rule

Concave base of 1st phalanx glides on convex head of 1st metacarpal in same direction as shaft

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What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb MCP

Restriction of motions in all directions

Flex is more limited than ext

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Thumb IP: what is the Osteokinematics?

Synovial hinge joint with 1 degree of freedom

Flex/ext

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Thumb IP: convex/concave rule

Gliding of concave base of distal phalanx on convex head of proximal phalanx, in the same direction as the shaft of the bone

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What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb IP joint?

Equal restrictions of flex/ext

ROM: MCP

Flex
Ext
ABD/ADD

Flex: 0-90*
Ext: 0-45*
ABD/ADD: 0-20*

ROM: PIP & DIP

flex
ext

PIP:
-Flex/Ext: 0-100*

DIP:
-Flex/Ext: 0-90*

ROM: Thumb MCP

-Flex/Ext

-Flex/Ext: 0-50*

ROM: Thumb IP

-Flex/Ext

-Flex/Ext: 0-80*

ROM: Thumb CMC

Flex
Ext
ABD/ADD

Flex: 0-15*
Ext: 0-50*
ABD/ADD: 0-70*

Atlanto-occipital joint: what is the Osteokinematics?

Plane synovial joint

Flex/ext
Some axial rotation
Lateral flex

Atlanto-occipital joint: convex/concave joint

Inferior covex condyles of occipital articulate with the 2 superior concave zygapophyseal articular facets of the lateral bodies of the atlas

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Atlanto-occipital joint?

Equal restrictions of ext and lateral flex Rotation and flexion not affected

What are the Intervertebral Joints composed of?

Superior and inferior vertebral plateaus and adjacent intervertebral discs.

What are the Zygapophyseal Joints composed of?

Right and left superior articular processes of one vertebra and the right and left inferior processes of an adjacent superior vertebra

Cervical Spine: what is the Osteokinematics?

3 degrees of freedom Flex/ext Lateral flex Rotation

What is the Capsular Pattern for C2-C7?

Equal limitations of all motions except flexion, which is usually barely restricted.

Special Test: Vertebral Artery Test

Patient is supine with head supported, ext neck, side bend and lateral rotate. Positive Finding: dizzy, blurry vision, pass out=compressed nerve root

Special Test: Foraminal Compression Test

Patient is sitting and the PT presses down on head and laterally flexes to both sides Positive Finding: dermatomal pattern of pain with increase of symptoms= nerve root compression

Special Test: Foraminal Distraction Test

Patient is sitting while PT has one hand at the back of the head and the other under the chin pulling up. Positive Finding: relief of symptoms decrease

Special Test: Kernig-Brudzinski Sign

Patient is supine with hands behind head. PT flexes one knee and pushes it toward patients chest while they lift their elbows off the table. Positive Findings: radiation of pain= neuro problems in spine

Special Test: 90-90 Straight Leg Raise Test

Patient flexes hip and knee to 90* and tries to passively straighten legs. Positive Finding: tight hamstrings

Special Test: Slump Test

Patient slumps over, extends leg out straight and dorsiflexes foot Positive Finding: shooting nerve pain= nerve root and sciatic nerve damage

Thoracic Spine: what is the Osteokinematics?

Ribs and costal joints restrict lateral flex Facets in lower region permit somewhat more flex/ext Facets from T1-T6 limit flex/ext

What is the Capsular Pattern in the Thoracic Spine?

Greater limitation of ext, lateral flex, and rotation than of forward flex

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Lumbar Spine?

Marked and equal restriction of lateral flexion followed by restriction of flex/ext

Define Spondylosis

Degeneration of the intervertebral disc

Define Spondylolysis

Defect in the pars interarticularis (arch)

Define Spondylolisthesis

Forward displacement of one vertebra over another