Test #2

Question 0

MCP convex/concave rule

Answer 0

Concave phalanx glides over convex metacarpal in same direction as shaft of phalanx

Question 1

MCP
PIP
DIP
CMC
MCP
IP

Answer 1

• Metacarpophalangeal joint
• Proximal Interphalangeal joint
• Distal Interphalangeal joint
• Carpometacarpal joint
• Metacarpophalangeal joint
• Interphalangeal joint

Question 2

MCP: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 2

2 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
ABD/ADD

Question 3

If the MCP is in flexion, what movement will be limited?

Answer 3

ABD/ADD

Question 4

What is the Capsular Pattern of the MCP?

Answer 4

Equal restrictions of flex/ext

Question 5

PIP & DIP: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 5

They are synovial hinge joints with 1 degree of freedom

Flex/ext

Question 6

What is the Capsular Pattern of the PIP & DIP?

Answer 6

Equal restrictions of flex/ext

Question 7

PIP & DIP convex/concave rule

Answer 7

Sliding of concave base of distal phalanx on convex head of proximal phalanx

Question 8

Thumb CMC: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 8

Saddle joint with 2 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
ABD/ADD

Question 9

Thumb CMC: convex/concave rule

Answer 9

Concave first metacarpal slides on convex traquitrium in same direction as metacarpal shaft during flex/ext

During ABD/ADD there is a slide in the opposite direction

Question 10

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb CMC joint?

Answer 10

Limitation of ABD and extension

Question 11

Thumb MCP: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 11

It is a condyloid joint with 2 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
Minimal ABD/ADD

Question 12

Thumb MCP: convex/concave rule

Answer 12

Concave base of 1st phalanx glides on convex head of 1st metacarpal in same direction as shaft

Question 13

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb MCP

Answer 13

Restriction of motions in all directions

Flex is more limited than ext

Question 14

Thumb IP: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 14

Synovial hinge joint with 1 degree of freedom

Flex/ext

Question 15

Thumb IP: convex/concave rule

Answer 15

Gliding of concave base of distal phalanx on convex head of proximal phalanx, in the same direction as the shaft of the bone

Question 16

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb IP joint?

Answer 16

Equal restrictions of flex/ext

Question 17

ROM: MCP

• Flex
• Ext
• ABD/ADD

Answer 17

• Flex: 0-90*
• Ext: 0-45*
• ABD/ADD: 0-20*

Question 18

ROM: PIP & DIP

• flex
• ext

Answer 18

PIP:
-Flex/Ext: 0-100*

DIP:
-Flex/Ext: 0-90*

Question 19

ROM: Thumb MCP

-Flex/Ext

Answer 19

-Flex/Ext: 0-50*

Question 20

ROM: Thumb IP

-Flex/Ext

Answer 20

-Flex/Ext: 0-80*

Question 21

ROM: Thumb CMC

• Flex
• Ext
• ABD/ADD

Answer 21

• Flex: 0-15*
• Ext: 0-50*
• ABD/ADD: 0-70*

Question 22

Atlanto-occipital joint: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 22

Plane synovial joint

Flex/ext
Some axial rotation
Lateral flex

Question 23

Atlanto-occipital joint: convex/concave joint

Answer 23

Inferior covex condyles of occipital articulate with the 2 superior concave zygapophyseal articular facets of the lateral bodies of the atlas

Question 24

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Atlanto-occipital joint?

Answer 24

Equal restrictions of ext and lateral flex

Rotation and flexion not affected

Question 25

What are the Intervertebral Joints composed of?

Answer 25

Superior and inferior vertebral plateaus and adjacent intervertebral discs.

Question 26

What are the Zygapophyseal Joints composed of?

Answer 26

Right and left superior articular processes of one vertebra and the right and left inferior processes of an adjacent superior vertebra

Question 27

Cervical Spine: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 27

3 degrees of freedom

Flex/ext
Lateral flex
Rotation

Question 28

What is the Capsular Pattern for C2-C7?

Answer 28

Equal limitations of all motions except flexion, which is usually barely restricted.

Question 29

Special Test: Vertebral Artery Test

Answer 29

Patient is supine with head supported, ext neck, side bend and lateral rotate.

Positive Finding: dizzy, blurry vision, pass out=compressed nerve root

Question 30

Special Test: Foraminal Compression Test

Answer 30

Patient is sitting and the PT presses down on head and laterally flexes to both sides

Positive Finding: dermatomal pattern of pain with increase of symptoms= nerve root compression

Question 31

Special Test: Foraminal Distraction Test

Answer 31

Patient is sitting while PT has one hand at the back of the head and the other under the chin pulling up.

Positive Finding: relief of symptoms decrease

Question 32

Special Test: Kernig-Brudzinski Sign

Answer 32

Patient is supine with hands behind head. PT flexes one knee and pushes it toward patients chest while they lift their elbows off the table.

Positive Findings: radiation of pain= neuro problems in spine

Question 33

Special Test: 90-90 Straight Leg Raise Test

Answer 33

Patient flexes hip and knee to 90* and tries to passively straighten legs.

Positive Finding: tight hamstrings

Question 34

Special Test: Slump Test

Answer 34

Patient slumps over, extends leg out straight and dorsiflexes foot

Positive Finding: shooting nerve pain= nerve root and sciatic nerve damage

Question 35

Thoracic Spine: what is the Osteokinematics?

Answer 35

Ribs and costal joints restrict lateral flex

Facets in lower region permit somewhat more flex/ext

Facets from T1-T6 limit flex/ext

Question 36

What is the Capsular Pattern in the Thoracic Spine?

Answer 36

Greater limitation of ext, lateral flex, and rotation than of forward flex

Question 37

What is the Capsular Pattern of the Lumbar Spine?

Answer 37

Marked and equal restriction of lateral flexion followed by restriction of flex/ext

Question 38

Define Spondylosis

Answer 38

Degeneration of the intervertebral disc

Question 39

Define Spondylolysis

Answer 39

Defect in the pars interarticularis (arch)

Question 40

Define Spondylolisthesis

Answer 40

Forward displacement of one vertebra over another