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PTA 160 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

granulation tissue

A

beefy, red, bumpy, shiny tissue in the base of an ulcer

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2
Q

epithelial tissue

A

pale or dark pink skin, first appears as wound borders

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3
Q

eschar

A

thick, hard, leathery black tissue; indicates dry, necrotic tissue

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4
Q

Slough

A

soft, yellow necrotic tissue

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5
Q

Macerated tissue

A

indicates too much water, white at edges

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6
Q

Purulent

A

yellow, green, white or tan;thick and opaque

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7
Q

Sanguineous

A

red with thin, watery consistency; indicates new vessel growth or disruption of blood vessels

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8
Q

Serous

A

clear, light color with thin, watery consistency

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9
Q

Serosanguineous

A

light red or pink with thin, watery consistency

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10
Q

collagens

A

wound healing by stimulating the deposit of collagen fibers

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11
Q

Hydrocolloids

A

carbohydrate based material and maintain moist wound bed

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12
Q

Hydrogels

A

made with water or glycerin base

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13
Q

Allignate

A

made from seaweed, can absorb large amounts of exudate

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14
Q

Fistula

A

abnormal passage between an organ or vessel

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15
Q

Calcium channel blocker

A

decrease the entry of calcium into vascular smooth muscle cells

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16
Q

Diuretics

A

increase the excretion of sodium and urine

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17
Q

Expectorants

A

increase respiratory secretions which help loosen muscles

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18
Q

Nitrates

A

decrease ischemia through smooth muscle relaxation and dilation

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19
Q

Beta Blockers

A

decrease myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate and contractability

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20
Q

Anticoagulant

A

inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation

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21
Q

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibator

A

decrease blood pressure and afterload by supressing a specific enzyme

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22
Q

5 functions of skin

A

find out

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23
Q

Superficial/1st Degree Burns

A

Epidermis layer damage
Signs: Redness, Slight Edema, Painful
Minimal tissue damage
Heals without scarring

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24
Q

Superficial Partial Thickness/2nd Degree Burn

A

Epidermis and the upper portion of the dermis
Full or partial loss of sweat and hair follicles
Very Painful as nerves exposed

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25
Deep Partial Thickness /2nd degree Burns
Complete destruction of the epidermis and majority of the dermis Diminished pain sensation (nerve endings destruction) Color: Red or Waxy and white Wet surface from broken blisters Marked edema Heals with scar formation
26
Full Thickness/3rd degree Burn
Complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis through to subcutaneous tissue May have damage of muscle, bone and interstitial tissues Color charred or translucent white Loss of pain sensation Eschar formation
27
Rule of Nines
Chart estimates the surface area or the size of a burn injury Divides the body into 11 segments of 9% and genitals 1% each
28
Inflammation:
normal immune response; initial vasoconstriction, then vasodilation; increased blood flow facilitates healing: increased oxygen to area, phagocytic cells, cleans wound in preparation for permanent repair
29
Proliferation:
new tissue fills wounds as fibroblasts secrete collagen; angiogenesis occurs; granulation; epithelialization
30
Remodeling
: type III collagen converts to type I; decreased capillaries; scar contracts and matures
31
Nutrients that must be present for a healing wound
``` Iron Vitamin B12 Folic acid Vitamin C Zinc Vitamin A High protein ``` Vitamin B12 and folic acid: essential for RBCs to deliver oxygen to tissues Vitamin c and zinc: for tissue repair Vitamin A: stimulate collagen cross-linking Protein: provides amino acids build new tissues
32
imary intention
Surgical wounds Approximating wound edges can occur through use of sutures, staples, glue, skin grafts or skin flaps
33
Secondary intention
Wound heals on its own Wound will close by contraction, re-epithelialization or a combination of both
34
Tertiary intention
AKA delayed primary closure Allowed to heal by secondary intention and then is closed by primary intention
35
Partial thickness burns:
Cleansed with mild soap and dressed with topical agent | Antimicrobial ointment
36
5 functions of skin
``` protection sensory perception Thermoregulation excretion metabolism & Synthesize absorption ```
37
allograft/homograft
temporary from human cadaver
38
Autograft
cadaver taken from pts body
39
Heterograft/Xenograft
animal graft
40
Dermatome
tool used to cut donor skin
41
split-thickness graft
skin graft that contains the epidermus and superfiscial dermis
42
goals of skin graft
stimulate new skin growth, reduce heat loss blocks infection minimize fluid electrolyte and protein loss.
43
grannulation
red
44
slough
yellow
45
eshar
black
46
how to prevent contractures
opposite positions and anterior hyperextension position
47
Stratum corneum
water proofing and protection
48
stratum lucidrem
protect from infection
49
stratum grannulation
new skin formulas
50
stratum spinosum | stratum basale
melanocytes formation
51
cellulitus
periwound inf | red, infected
52
Infection side affects
fever pain redness sweling pain and odor
53
antimicrodal dressing
silver or iodine | to inhibit bacteria
54
venous positioning
elevate limb
55
arterial positioning
dependent
56
lymphatic positioning
elevate limb
57
aging + wounds
``` LESS o2 elatisity immunity durmal mass durable ```
58
VENOUS ulcer
medial shallow irregular hemondrin
59
Arterial ulcer
lateral deep smooth edges diminished pulse
60
lymphatic ulcer
irregular shallow oozing moist or blistered in skin edges is firm with fibrotic edema and cellulites.

PTA 160 (5 decks)

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