Test 2

Question 1

Sunni

Answer 1

This is a branch of Muslims that follow the original teachings of Muhammad. This is the largest denomination of Muslims and are considered Orthodox Muslims.

Question 2

Pope Gregory I

Answer 2

Best known for his writings, which were more prolific than his predecessors. He is known as the Father of Christian Worship and is believed to have inspired John Calvin.

Question 3

Manoralism

Answer 3

A basic element of fuedalism. It is the political, economic, and social system that leaves peasents dependent on their lord and land.

Question 4

Merovingians

Answer 4

This was a dynasty thst came to rule the Franks for over 300 years. The dynasty was first formed by Childeric I, the father of Clovis I.

Question 5

Council of Constance

Answer 5

ecumenical council recognized by the Roman Catholic Church. The council ended the three pope controversy by deposing, or accepting the resignation, of the remaining Papal claimants and electing Pope Martin V.

Question 6

Constantine

Answer 6

Best known for the creation of Constantinopal and the Edict of Milan.

Constantinopal became the center of the Byzantine Empire.

The Edict of Milan decreed the tolerance of all religions.

Question 7

Fuedalism

Answer 7

This was a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe. It was broadly defined by a system for stucturing society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labor.

It was a system of obligation that bound servants to their lords and vice-a-versa. Fuedalism usually derives from a decetralized empire that lacks bureaucratic structure.

Question 8

Clovis

Answer 8

The first King of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish Tribes under one ruler. He is also the first Catholic King who ruled over Gaul, which is modern day France.

Question 9

Thomas Becket

Answer 9

The Archbishop of Canterbury. He is commemorated as a Saint and martyr by the Catholic Church. He was canonized b Pope Alaxander III shortly after his death.

Question 10

Petrine Doctorine of Papal Supremacy

Answer 10

refers to the doctorine of the Roman Catholic Chirch that the pope has full, supreme and universal power over the whole church.

Question 11

Salasin

Answer 11

was a Kurdish Mislim who became the first Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He founded the Ayyubid Dynasty. He led Muslim opposition to the Franks.

Question 12

Avignon Papacy

Answer 12

was the period when seven Popes, in succession, resided in Avignon. This arose from conflict between the Papacy and the French Crown. All seven Popes were French.

Question 13

Investiture Contraversy

Answer 13

Was he most signifigant conflict between Church and state in medieval Europe. It was resolved by the Concordat of Worms.

Question 14

Hugh Cape

Answer 14

The first King of the Franks of the Capetian Dyanasty. He was elected to succeed the Carolingian King Louis V.

Question 15

The Ottoman Empire

Answer 15

a state founded by Turkish Tribes under Osman Bey.With the conquest of Constantinople, the Ottoman Dynasty became the Ottoman Empire.

Question 16

Justianian I

Answer 16

Justian is a Byzantine Emperor who is best known for attempting to, and partially accomplishing, the reclaiming of the Western Roman Empire. Also, he is the husband of Theodora.

Question 17

Theodora

Answer 17

Theodora is the wife of Justinian I. She is one of the most influential women in Roman history. She was cannonized as a Saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church and is commemorized on Nov. 14th.

Question 18

Caeseropapism

Answer 18

This is when the head of the state is also the head of the main religious body.

Question 19

Magna Carta

Answer 19

An Angevin charter that was the statute for England and Wales that set up civil liberites. This also made King John of England agree that his will was not arbitrary.

Question 20

Saint Thomas Aquinas

Answer 20

He was an Italian Dominican Priest of the Roman Catholic Church. His influence on Western thought is vast and much of modern philosophy was based on his works.

Question 21

Phillip II Augustus

Answer 21

was the last King of the Franks and the first King of France. He was a member of the house Capet. He was one of the most successful of the medieval French monarchs.

Question 22

Weregild

Answer 22

This is the value placed on every human being and every piece of property in the Salic Code.

Question 23

Carolingian Dynasty

Answer 23

Was a Frankish Dynasty that came to rule the Franks after the Merovingians. The first King of this Dynasty was Pepin the Short.

Question 24

William the Conqueror

Answer 24

The first Norman King of England. He was descended from Viking raiders and had been Duke of Normandy. When he was Duke of Normandy, his bastard status caused a reign of anarchy for a short time.

Question 25

Scholasticism

Answer 25

A movement of philisophical thought that combined Christian dogma with the philosophical thought of Aristotle.

Question 26

Charlemagne

Answer 26

Also known as Charles the Great, he was the founder of the Carolingian Empire. He expanded the Frankish Empire by adding Italy, subduing the Saxons and Babarians, and pushed his frontiers to Spain. He is the son of Pepin the Short. He was crowned on Christmas day by Pope Leo III as the Holy Roman Emperor.

Question 27

Pepin the Short

Answer 27

Pepin the Short is the son of Charles Martel and father of Charlemagne. He was the first King of the Franks from the Carolingian Dynasty. He obtained the permission of Pope Zachary to depose of King Childeric III.

Question 28

Concordat of Worms

Answer 28

an agreement between Pope Calixtinum II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V near the city of Worms. It ended the struggle of power between the Cotholic Church and the Holy Roman Emperors.

Question 29

Henry II

Answer 29

Father of Richard the Lionheart. During his reign, he greatly restructured the legal systems of England.

Question 30

The Great Schism

Answer 30

Medieval division of Christianity into Greek and Latin branches; these later became the Eastern Orthodox Chuch and the Roman Catholic Church, respectively.

Question 31

Muhammad

Answer 31

In Muslim tradition, he is the messanger or prophet of God. He was a leader of Mecca who united Arabia under the law of Islam.

Question 32

Iconoclastic Contraversy

Answer 32

This is the rejection of Byzantium Art by Christians. This is due to one of the ten commandments that forbids imagery of God.

Question 33

Benedict of Nursia

Answer 33

is a Christian Saint. He founded twelve communities for monks at Subiaco, Italy. He founded a Roman Catholic religious order: The Order of Saint Benedict.

Question 34

Charles Martel

Answer 34

He was a Frankish military and political leader. He is remembered for winning the Battle of Tours in 732. He is considered to be a founding figure in the Middle Ages. Charles Martel is the Grandfather of Charlemange.

Question 35

Wars of the Roses

Answer 35

A series of wars fought between supporters of two rival branches f the House of Plantegenet--the houses of Lancaster and York-- for the throne of England. The final voctory went to Henry Tudor of Lancaster who defeated Richard III. Henry Tudor then married Elizabeth of York to unite the two houses.

Question 36

Shi'ites

Answer 36

This is the branch of Muslims that follow the teachings of Ali, who is the son-in-law of Muhammad.

Question 37

Vikings

Answer 37

Norse explorers, warriors, merchants, and pirates who raided, traded, and settled areas of Europe, Asia, and North Atlantic. They are famous for their longboats which could tavel long distances in a short amount of time.

Question 38

Khadiji

Answer 38

Was the wife of Muhammad. She is considered by Muslims to be the Mother of Islam.