Test 2 Flashcards
(47 cards)
Characteristics of classical period
Texture- homophonic
Dynamics- complex, piano replaced harpsichord
Melody- tunable, pleasant
end of basso continuo
Contrast of mood
Rhythm- metrical patter w/ few fluctuations
Why was classical period known as Age of Enlightenment/Reason
Reason and logic are the way if truth
Intellect should control emotions
universe governed by permanent law
How did “Age of Reason” affect music in classical period
Music followed expected practices
Melodies were pleasant
Rhythm was steady and pleasant (except for recitatives and cadenzas)
Classical orchestra
Larger than baroque orchestra
About 50-60 musicians
What instruments are paired in classical orchestra
Flute and oboe
Clarinet and horns
Woodwind in pairs
Patronage system in classical period
Haydn was very successful in patronage system
Mozart rebelled against patronage system, failed to be financially secure
Beethoven depended heavily on patronage system for finances, allowing him to continue living and working in Vienna
Sonata Allegro (Sonata Form)
Exposition: theme 1 -bridge- theme 2 :|| (repeat)
Development: unstable combo of theme 1 + 2
Recapitulation: theme 1 - theme 2 - coda (resolve)
Theme and variation
A, A1, A2, A3, etc…
Minuet and Trio
A B A
a:|| ba:|| c:||dc:|| aba’
Rondo (Rondo-Allegro)
A B A C A B A
Classical concerto
Work for solo instrument and orchestra
3 movements
Joseph Haydn - Father of the symphony
Composed 106 symphonies
Employed by Esterházy family
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart last work
Requiem Mass in D Minor
Completed by Joseph Von Eybler and Franz Xaver Süssmayr to commemorate Franz Von walsegg’s wife’s death
Librettist of Mozart’s Don Giovanni, Le Nozze de Figaro and Cosi fan tutti
Lorenza Da Ponte
Who is the main character of Don Giovanni associated with
Don Juan
Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert
Transitional composers into romantic period
What was different about Beethoven’s 9th symphony
First example of major composer using voices in a symphony
Characteristics of romanticism
Greater range in tone color, dynamics and use of chromaticism
Colorful harmony, expanded range of dynamics pitch and tempo
Song-like lyrical melodies
texture- homophonic
Emotional, nature, fantasy, adventure
Nationalism in music
Creating music with specific national identity using folk songs, dances, legends and history from that country
Exoticism in music
Setting the opera or work in an exotic unfamiliar place/country
Romantic period orchestra size
About 100 people
Program music
Concert overture:1 movement orchestral work, not in opera/oratorio
Incidental music: played in dead part of play/opera (set change)
Tone poem: poetic idea sets mood in music, 1 long movement
Program symphony: same as tone poem with several movements
Strophic form
Same melody with varying lyrics for each stanza
Through composed
Music written all the way through with no repeating parts
