Flashcards in Test 2 Deck (59)
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1
Barrier between external and internal environment. An area where things can go in and out
Plasma membrane
2
Keeps the DNA molecules separate from metabolic machinery of the cytoplasm. Makes it easier to organize DNA and copy it
The nucleus
3
Site of translation : made of rna and proteins
Ribosomes
4
Synthesis, storage, and shipping of molecules
Endomembrane system
5
Processes proteins and makes membrane
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
6
Makes lipids,detoxification
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
7
Finishes making proteins and lipids that arrive and sends them to where they need to go
Golgi body
8
Transport material from organelle and plasma membrane, then breaks down waste
Vesicles
9
Produces ATP through cellular respiration, then uses energy and turns it into a useable form
Mitochondria
10
Converts sunlight energy into ATP through photosynthesis
Chloroplast
11
Network of protein fibers within a cell that defines the shape and provides strength. Gives movement.
Cytoskeleton
12
A cytoskeleton, acts as "railroads" with movement within a cell
Microtubules
13
A cytoskeleton, comprised of the protein actin
Microfiliments
14
Microtubule organizing center, help with cell division.
Centrosome and centriole
15
Slender and flexible structure functioning in motility. Used to move things around the cell. Hair like
Cilia and flagella
16
Protection and adherence. Cell to cell communication
Glycocalxy
17
Provides support and protection. Not in animals
Cell wall
18
How big you can blow something up
Magnification
19
Minimum distance to distinguish between two points
Resolution
20
Visible shades in the object
Contrast
21
All life is composed by one or more cells
Cell theory
22
Larger surface to volume ratio is more Efficient
True
23
What are the 4 groups of eukaryotes
Animals, fungi, plants,Protistans
24
The change in genetic composition over time
Evolution
25
What did Charles Darwin come up with
Natural selection
26
Observations on population and how it works
Natural selection
27
Things that prevent mating
Prezygotic barriers
28
Offspring don't survive or if they do they are infertile
Postzygotic barriers
29
Some species changing over time and becoming a different species
Adaptive radiation
30
What organelles are in plants but not animals
Chloroplast and cell wall
31
Which organelle is the location for respiration (making ATP)
Mitochondria
32
The organelle where sunlight is used to produce energy is
Chloroplast
33
As cell size increases
Transport of food becomes more inefficient
34
What is not apart of endomembrane system
A. Phospholipid
B. Mitochondria
C.RoUgh ER
D. Golgi body
Mitochondria
35
Which two organelles were likely once free living organisms
Chloroplast and mitochondria
36
Cell communication, water retention, protection, and adherence are all possible functions of the....
Glycocalyx
37
Which organelle is usually associated with processing proteins
Rough ENdoplasmic reticulum
38
The area in the cell where microtubles are organized is...
The centrosome
39
An organelle that has a double membrane and produces usable ATP is...
Mitochondria
40
Transport of materials in cells is more efficient when cells are smaller because...
Smaller cells have more surface area relative to volume
41
The structure in some cells that aid in cell division is the...
Centriole
42
Solvent is the
A. Fluid
B. What's dissolved
The fluid
43
What way does water move
Hypertonic to hypo
Or
Hypotonic to hyper
Hypo to hyper
44
What state do animal cells thrive in
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Isotonic
45
What state do plant cells thrive
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
46
"Eating" particles, cell extends membrane around particles and creates vesicles
Phagocytosis
47
"Drinking" fluids, cell membrane takes in small amounts of fluid into vesicles
Pinocytosis
48
Energy that's happening
Kinetic energy
49
Energy that could happen
Potential energy
50
Putting energy into something
Endergonic reaction
51
Releasing free energy
Exergonic reaction
52
An Enzyme present reduces the amount of energy has to be put in
True
False
True
53
The substance and enzyme acts on
Substrate
54
Where the substrate fit sub the enzyme
Active site
55
Something else binds to another site changing the active sites shape
Non competitive inhibitors
56
Something else in the active site
Competitive inhibitor
57
Moving liquids into the cell by sinking in the cell membrane
Pinocytosis
58
How many phosphate groups does ATP have
3
59
