Test 2: Brainstem Motor Nuclei Flashcards by Liisa Narhi

Q

What is the difference between somatic vs branchial?

A

Based on embryonic origin- somatic is mesoderm origin of head/eye muscles/tongue

Somatic:
I, II, III, IV, VI, XII
Branchial:
V, VII, IX, X, XI

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Q

What 3 cranial nervse are not part of the corticobulbar system?

A

CN III, IV, VI

target eye muscles

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Q

CN V

CB, CB location, and target

A

Trigeminal motor
Pons
Muscles of mastication

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Q

CN VII

CB, CB location, and target

A

facial motor
pons
muscles of expression

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Q

CN IX

CB, CB location, and target

A

ambiguus
medulla
stylopharyngeal muscles

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Q

CN X

CB, CB location, and target

A

ambiguus
medulla
pharynx, largynx muscles

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Q

CN XI

CB, CB location, and target

A

Accessory motor
medulla/cervical
traps, SCM

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Q

CN XII

CB, CB location, and target

A

Hypoglossal
medulla
tongue

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Q

What do the brainstem visceromotor neurons do

A

all parasympathetic controlled

have pre ganglionic and post ganglionic CB that go to smooth muscles and glands

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Q

CN III visceromotor

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

Ed-west
midbrain
ciliary
ciliary muscles and pupilary constrictors

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Q

CN VII to pterygodal

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

superior salvitory nucleus
pons
pterygodal
lacrimal and nasal mucous

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Q

CN VII to submandibular

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

superior salvitory nucleus
pons
submandibular
salivary gland

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Q

CN IX

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

inferior salivary nucleus
pons/medulla
otic
parotid gland

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Q

CN X

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

dorsal motor nucleus
rostral medulla
terminal
heart, lung, GI

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Q

What is the general pathway of corticobulbar tracts?

A

M1- through corona radiata- post limb - genu
Descend through midbrain ventrally by cereb pedunc
-start branching in pons down to spinal cord bilatearlly or one direction to different motor nuclei

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Q

Where is the trigeminal motor nucleus (V)

A

rostral/mid pons

goes bilateral for facial control
more contralateral

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Q

Where is the facial motor nucleus (VII)?

A

basis pons

has upper and lower facial portions
primarily contrlateral

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Q

Where is the hypoglossal motor nucleus (XII)?

A

medulla

controls tongue
more contrlateral

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Q

Where is the nucleus ambiguus (CN IX, X, sometimes XI)?

Study These Flashcards

A

spans medulla

primarily contrlateral
tongue, phary/lary muscles

Q

Where is the accessory nucleus (XI)?

Study These Flashcards

A

medulla/cervical spine

SCM/traps control
primarily ispilateral

Q

In the brainstem which motor nuclei sit medial to lateral?

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A

Somatic most medial (except ed-west medial between III)
Broncomotor latearl to somatic
Visceral motor latearl to bronchomotor (except ed-west)

Q

What branch of trigeminal nerve has brainstem nuclei control of motor function?

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A

V3 manidbular branch
-small branchial motor divison

Controls:
jaw closers, openers for massication
middle ear to decrease chew sounds

Q

Where is the CB for the trigeminal nerve

Study These Flashcards

A

trigeminal motor nucleus

Q

What is the ONLY branchial motor muscle with muscle spinlde

Study These Flashcards

A

Jaw closers!

proprioceptive control for jaw stretch reflex

Where is the CB for the jaw closer stretch reflex of trigeminal?

trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

What is the blood supply to the trigeminal motor nucleus

basilar and AICA

What is the main branch primary function of the facial nerve (VII)?

controlling facial expression - lesser branches to jaw openers, middle ear, etc. - muscles are derived from bronchiol arches and anchored to bone/fascia of the skin

Where are the motor neurons for the facial nerve?

facial nucleus in caudal pons

What do the motor neurons of the facial nucleus do in the caudal pons?

loop around the abducens nucleus | -creates bulge on the floor of 4th ventricl

What are the 5 branches of regional control for facial motor

1. temporal 2. zygomatic 3. buccal 4. mandiublar 5. cervical

What is the path of the eye blink reflex?

temporal/zygomatic branches of facial control used!! free nerve ending from trigeminal innvervation of cornea-> trigeminal tanglia -> spinal trigeminal tract -> caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus reflex part goes up to facial nucleus- out to blink obicularis oculi

What does the glossopharybgeal (IX) do? where is the neuron

elevate pharynx: speech, swallow, gag | -neurons rostral nucleus ambiguus

What does vagus (X) do? where is neurons

innervates pharygneal muscles: swallow, gag, laryngeal muscles for smeepch -neurons in rostral nucleus ambiguus

What does the accesory (XI) do? Where is it located?

SCM, traps motor neurons from C1-C3 -spinal extension of ambiguus

What connects nucleus ambiguus and spinal accessory nucleus?

larygneal motor neurons in medulla/SC

What does the hypoglossal (XII) do? Where is it located?

intrinsic tongue muscles | hypoglossal nucleus in midline rostrall medulla

What is the path of the swall/gag control?

touch to back wall of throat sets of: Superior ganglia of IX glossopharyngeal-> caudal solitary tract-> caudal solitary nucleus synapse in solitary nucleus and sends signal to: ambiguus nucleus and hypoglossal nucleus -to open mouth, close pharynz, and thrust tongue

Where are the CB for preganglionic neurons in paraympathetic divisions?

Brainstem

Where are the CB for postganclionic neurons in parasympathetic divisions?

close to targets in head/pelvis

Where are the CBs for CNIII visceromotor

pregan: Ed-West CB: ciliary gang post: constrictor cilliary muscle

Where are the CBs for CNIV visceromotor

pre: superior salicary nucleus (pons) CB: pterygoid or submandibular Post: lacrimal, nasal, etc.

Where are the CBs for IX visceromotor

pre: inferior salivary nucleus (pons-med) CB: otic Post: salicary glands

Where are the CBs for X visceromotor

pre: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus CB: terminal ganglia post: heart, lung, GI

What is the main blood supply to the pons

AICA and basilar

What is the main blood supply to the medulla

PICA (lateral) | vertebral (anterior)