Test 2 - Ch 3&4

Question 1

Single, long, thin, straight fiber with branches near its tip that as a rule transmits information to other cells

Answer 1

Axon

Question 2

Are an insulating sheath that speeds up the transmission of impulses along an axons

Answer 2

Myelin

Question 3

An excitation that travels along an axon at a constant strength, no matter how far it must travel

Answer 3

Action potential

Question 4

Electrical polarization across the membrane of an axon

Answer 4

Resting potential

Question 5

Specialized junction between one neuron and another into which a neuron releases a chemical that either excites or inhibits the next neuron

Answer 5

Synaptic gap

Question 6

_______ is a presynaptic ending on the _____ of the transmitting neuron

Answer 6

Terminal bouton; axon

Question 7

_________ is a chemical that actives receptors on the ________ of the receiving neuron

Answer 7

Neurotransmitter; dendrite

Question 8

The neuron on the receiving end of the synapse

Answer 8

Post synaptic neuron

Question 9

The neurotransmitter is affected by most elicit drug

Answer 9

Dopamine

Question 10

the _________ consists of he brain and spinal cord

Answer 10

Central Nervous System

Question 11

The _______ consists of bundles of nerves between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

Answer 11

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 12

________ is part of the Peripheral Nervous System that connects to the skin and muscles

Answer 12

Somatic Nervous System

Question 13

__________ controls the internal organs such as the heart, stomach, endocrine system..

Answer 13

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 14

At the rear of the head and is specialized for vision

Answer 14

Occipital lobe

Question 15

Located toward the left and right sides of the head, it is the main area for hearing and some of the complex aspects of vision.

Answer 15

Temporal lobe

Question 16

A subcortical structure deep within the temporal lobe that responds strongly to emotional situations

Answer 16

Amygdala

Question 17

Specialized for the body senses, including touch, pain, temperature, and awareness of the location of body parts in space. It sits just forward from the occipital lobe.

Answer 17

Parietal lobe

Question 18

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently had impaired touch sensations and spatial localization, what is the probable location of damage?

Answer 18

Parietal lobe

Question 19

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently had hearing and some changes in emotional experience, what is the probable location of the damage?

Answer 19

Temporal lobe

Question 20

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently experienced a loss of vision in the left visual field, what is the probable of the damage?

Answer 20

Occipital lobe

Question 21

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently had difficulty with certain aspects of memory and tended to make impulsive decisions, what is the probable location of the damage?

Answer 21

Frontal lobe

Question 22

A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus

Answer 22

Reflex

Question 23

Important for hunger, thirst, temperature regulation, sex, and other motivated behaviors, and is located just below the thalamus

Answer 23

Hypothalamus

Question 24

Chemicals released by glands and conveyed via the blood to alter activity in various organs

Answer 24

Hormones

Question 25

Set of axons that connect the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.

Answer 25

Corpus callosum

Question 26

The question of how separate brain area combine forces to produce a unified perception of a single object is the ________

Answer 26

Binding problem

Question 27

The conversion of energy from the environment into a pattern of response by the nervous system

Answer 27

sensation

Question 28

The interpretation of the information obtained through sensation

Answer 28

Perception

Question 29

Energies from the world around us that affects us in some way

Answer 29

Stimuli

Question 30

Specialized cells that convert environmental energies into signals for the nervous system

Answer 30

Receptors

Question 31

Adapted for color vision, daytime vision, and detailed vision

Answer 31

Cones

Question 32

Adapted for vision in dim light

Answer 32

Rods

Question 33

Vibrations of the air or of another medium

Answer 33

Sound waves

Question 34

Perception that depends on the amplitude of sound waves

Answer 34

Loudness

Question 35

Perception closely related to frequency

Answer 35

Pitch

Question 36

Fluid filled canals of the snail-shaped organ which contains the receptors for hearing

Answer 36

Cochlea

Question 37

_______ detects the tilt of the head, acceleration of the head, and orientation of the head with respect to gravity

Answer 37

Vestibular sense

Question 38

Neurotransmitters that inhibit the release of Substance P and thereby weaken pain sensations and bind to opiate receptors

Answer 38

Endorphins

Question 39

Sense of smells

Answer 39

Olfaction

Question 40

The stimuli that sometimes influence our behavior even when they are presented so faintly or briefly that we do not perceive them consciously

Answer 40

Subliminal perception

Question 41

Misrepresentation of a visual stimulus

Answer 41

Optical illusion

Question 42

________ occurs when we imagine the rest of the figure

Answer 42

Closure

Question 43

Tendency to perceive objects that are close together as belonging to a group

Answer 43

Common fate

Question 44

________ a stimuli can be perceived in more than one way

Answer 44

Reversible figures

Question 45

Widely branching structures that recurve input from other neurons

Answer 45

Dendrites