Test 2- Ch 6-7

Question 1

The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that

Answer 1

Light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy

Question 2

The primary objective of cell fractionation is to

Answer 2

Separate the major organelles so that their particular functions can be determined

Question 3

All the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except

Answer 3

An endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger than the corresponding volume in animals cells. The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that

Answer 4

Plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm

Question 5

Which of the following is a major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?

Answer 5

The need for sufficient surface area to support the cells metabolic needs

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning cells of bacteria and archaea is correct?

Answer 6

DNA is present in both archaea and bacteria

Question 7

Procaryotes are classified as belonging in two different domains. What are the domains?

Answer 7

Bacteria and archaea

Question 8

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

Answer 8

Proteins

Question 9

A cell with a predominance of free ribosomes is most likely

Answer 9

Producing primarily proteins fo secretion

Question 10

Which type of organelle or structure is primarily involved in the synthesis of oil’s, phospholipids, and steroids?

Answer 10

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?

Answer 11

Rough ER

Question 12

Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes

Answer 12

Lysosome

Question 13

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 13

mitochondrion

Question 14

Which plant cell organelle contains it’s own DNA and ribosomes?

Answer 14

Mitochondrion

Question 15

Which animal cell organelle contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates oxygen?

Answer 15

Peroxisome

Question 16

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in

Answer 16

Chloroplasts

Question 17

In a plant cell, DNA maybe found

Answer 17

In the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

Question 18

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what type of cellular structures?

Answer 18

Cytoskeletal structures

Question 19

A biologist wants specifically to examine the surfaces of different types of cells and kidney tubules of small animals. The cells in question can be distinguished by external shape, size, and 3-D characteristics. Which of the following would be the optimal method for her study question?

Answer 19

Scanning electron microscopy

Question 20

It biologist ground up some plant leaf cells and then centrifuged the mixture to fractionate the organelles. Organelles in one of the behavior fractions could produce ATP in the light whereas organelles in the lighter fraction to produce ATP in the dark. The heavier and lighter factions are most likely to contain, respectively,

Answer 20

Chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 21

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Answer 21

Mitochondrion

Question 22

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Answer 22

ER –> Golgi –> vesicles that fuze with plasma membrane

Question 23

Singer and Nicholsons fluid Mosaic model of the membrane proposed that

Answer 23

Membranes consist of protein molecules embedded in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids

Question 24

Which of the following types of molecules are the major structural components of the cell membrane?

Answer 24

Phospolipids and proteins

Question 25

The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals

Answer 25

Enables the membrane to say fluid more easily when cell temperature drops

Question 26

According to the fluid Mosaic model of some membranes, which the following is a true statement about membrane phospholipids?

Answer 26

They can move laterally along the plane of the membrane

Question 27

In order for protein to be an integral membrane protein it would have to be

Answer 27

Amphipathic, with at least one hydrophobic region

Question 28

The primary function of polysaccharides attached to the glycoprotein and glycolipids of animal cell membranes is

Answer 28

To mediate cell-to-cell recognition

Question 29

What kinds of molecules pass through the cell membrane most easily?

Answer 29

Small and hydrophobic

Question 30

Nitrous oxide gas molecules diffusing across a cells plasma membrane is an example of

Answer 30

Diffusion across the lipid bilayer

Question 31

Which the following would most likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly

Answer 31

CO2

Question 32

Which the following statements is correct about diffusion?

Answer 32

It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration

Question 33

Celery stocks that are immersed in freshwater for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in a 0.15 M salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that

Answer 33

The freshwater is hypotonic and the salt salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks

Question 34

Mammalian blood contains the equivalent of 0.15 M NaCl. Seawater contains the equivalent of 0.45 M NaCl. What will happen if red blood cells are transferred to seawater?

Answer 34

Water will leave the cells, causing them to shrivel and collapse

Question 35

When a plant cell, such as one from a peeny stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?

Answer 35

The cell will become turgid

Question 36

Proton pumps are used in various ways by members of every domain of organisms: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. What does this most probably mean?

Answer 36

Protein gradients across the membrane were used by cells that were the common ancestor of all three domains of life

Question 37

An organism with a cell wall would most likely be unable to take in materials through

Answer 37

Phagocytosis

Question 38

White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?

Answer 38

Phagocytosis

Question 39

A bacterium engulfed by a white blood cell through phagocytosis will be digested by enzymes contained in

Answer 39

Lysosomes

Question 40

LOOK AT FIGURE 7.5 page 127

Answer 40

Become familiar with peripheral protein, cholesterol, fiber of extra cellular matrix, micro filament of cytoskeleton, and the location of the glycolipid