Test 3- Respiration & Photosynthesis

Question 1

Which process precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones

Answer 1

Catabolism

Question 2

Which of the following is (are) true for anabolic pathways?

Answer 2

They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers

Question 3

Which of the following is a statement of the first law thermodynamics?

Answer 3

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of potential rather than Kinetic Energy?

Answer 4

A molecule of glucose

Question 5

The active site of an enzyme is the region that

Answer 5

Is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme

Question 6

The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in a redox or oxidation-reduction reaction

Answer 6

Loses electrons and loses potential energy

Question 7

When electrons move closer to a more electronegative atom, what happens?

Answer 7

The more electronegative atom is reduced, and energy is released

Question 8

Why does oxidation of organic compounds by molecular oxygen to produce CO2 and water release free energy?

Answer 8

Electrons are being moved from atoms that have a lower affinity for electrons (such as C) to atoms with a higher affinity for electrons (such as O)

Question 9

Which of the following statements describes NAD+?

Answer 9

NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle

Question 10

Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 10

Cytosol

Question 11

The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by

Answer 11

Substrate level phosphorylation

Question 12

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?

Answer 12

Accepting electrons at the end of the electric transport chain

Question 13

Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally weather oxygen (O2) is present or absent?

Answer 13

Glycolysis

Question 14

Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percent of ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis?

Answer 14

100%

Question 15

During glycolysis, when each molecule of glucose is catabolized to two molecules of pyruvate, most of potential energy containing glucose is

Answer 15

Retained in the two pyruvates

Question 16

In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?

Answer 16

NADH and pyruvate

Question 17

Starting with one molecule of glucose, the energy-containing products of glycolysis are

Answer 17

2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP

Question 18

A molecule that is phosphorylated

Answer 18

Has an increased chemical potential energy; it is primed to do cellular work

Question 19

Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

Answer 19

It uses stored ATP and then forms a net increase in ATP

Question 20

Which of the following intermediary metabolites enters the citric acid cycle and is formed, in part, by the removal of a carbon (CO2) from one molecule pyruvate?

Answer 20

Acetyl CoA

Question 21

How many carbon atoms are fed into the citric acid cycle as a result of the oxidation of one molecule of pyruvate?

Answer 21

2

Question 22

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 22

Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle

Question 23

The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

Answer 23

Act as an accepter for electrons and hydrogen? forming water

Question 24

Inside an active mitochondrion, most electrons follow which pathway?

Answer 24

Citric acid cycle –> NADH –> electron transfer chain –> oxygen

Question 25

In chemiosmosis, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP+Pi to ATP?

Answer 25

Energy released from movement of proteins through ATP synthase, down their electrochemical gradient

Question 26

Where is ATP synthesis located in the mitochondrion?

Answer 26

Inner membrane

Question 27

How many oxygen molecules (O2) are required each time a molecule from glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water via anaerobic respiration?

Answer 27

6

Question 28

Which of the following produces the most ATP when glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water?

Answer 28

Oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis)

Question 29

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of two molecules of glucose in aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 29

60-64

Question 30

Which of the following normally occurs regardless of whether or not oxygen is present?

Answer 30

Glycolysis

Question 31

The ATP made during fermentation is generated by which of the following?

Answer 31

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 32

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of

Answer 32

ATP, CO2, and ethanol (ethyl alcohol)

Question 33

If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 containing heavy oxygen (18O) later analysis will show that all the following modules produced by the algae contain 18O except

Answer 33

02

Question 34

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

Answer 34

ATP and NADPH

Question 35

What oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of

Answer 35

Splitting water molecules

Question 36

A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?

Answer 36

Blue and violet

Question 37

In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the pigment molecule in a light harvesting complex?

Answer 37

Transfer light energy to the Reaction-center chlorophyll

Question 38

Which of the events listed below occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Answer 38

Light is absorbed and funneled to reaction-center chlorophyll a

Question 39

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem 1?

Answer 39

Receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain

Question 40

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

Answer 40

Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules whereas respiration releases it

Question 41

In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during

Answer 41

Both photosynthesis and respiration

Question 42

Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during

Answer 42

Respiration only

Question 43

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 43

Synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide