Test 2 Vocab-Ch.24

Question 0

Allopatric speciation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 0

1. the formation of new species in populations that are geographically isolated from one another.
2. harris’s antelope squirrels (ammospermophilus Harrisii) inhabits grand canyons south rim while the white-tailed antelope squirrel (ammospermophilus leucurus) inhabits the north rim.

Question 1

Adaptive Radiation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 1

1.period of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill different ecological roles in their communities.
2.

Question 2

Behavioral isolation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 2

1. courtship rituals that attract mates and other behaviors unique to a species. Enable mate recognition.
2. blue footed boobies inhabitants of Galapagos, mate only after the male high steps (behavioral call) calls attention (female) to his bright blue feet.
   * also birds and the music they create because they sing.

Question 3

Gametic Isolation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 3

1. sperm of one species may not be able to fertilize the eggs of another species.
2. sea urchins release sperm and eggs to surrounding waters where they fuse and form zygotes. It’s difficult for gametes of different species such as red and purple sea urchins to fuse because proteins on the surfaces of the eggs and sperm bind very poorly to each other.

Question 4

Habitat isolation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 4

1. two species that occupy different habitats within the same area may encounter each other rarely.
2. gartner snakes because same geographic area but one lives in water and the other is terrestrial.

Question 5

Hybrid:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 5

1.offspring that results from the mating of individuals from two different species or from two true-breeding varieties of the same species.
2.

Question 6

Hybrid breakdown:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 6

1. some first generation hybrids are viable and fertile,but when they mate with one another or with either parent species,offspring of the next generation are feeble or sterile.
2. strains of cultivated rice have accumulated different mutant recessive alleles at two loci in the course of their divergence from a common ancestor. Hybrids between them are vigorous and fertile, but plants in the next generation that carry too many of these recessive alleles are small and sterile. Although they’re not completely different species yet, they have begun to be separated by post zygotes barriers.

Question 7

Macroevolution:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 7

1. evolutionary change above the species level.
2. origin of a new group of organisms through a series of speciation events and the impact of mass extinctions on the diversity of life and its subsequent recovery.

Question 8

Mechanical isolation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 8

1. mating is attempted, but morphological differences prevent its successful completion.
2. two species of snails whose shells spirals in different directions. One goes counter clockwise and the other clockwise which doesn’t allow their genital openings to align and they can’t complete mating.

Question 9

Postzygotic barrier:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 9

1.a reproductive barrier that prevents hybrid zygotes produced by two different species from developing into viable, fertile adults.
2.

Question 10

Prezygotic barrier:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 10

1.a reporductive barrier that impedes mating between species or hinders fertilization if interspecific mating is attempted.
2.

Question 11

Reproductive isolation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 11

1.

2.

Question 12

Temporal isolation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 12

1. species that breed during different times of day,seasons or years. They cannot mix their gametes.
2. North American western and eastern spotted skunk. The western spotted skunk breeds during the late summer while the eastern spotted skunk breeds during the late winter.

Question 13

Speciation:

1. what’s the definition?
2. what’s an example?

Answer 13

1.an evolutionary process in which one species splits into two or more species.
2.