Test 3

Question 1

What is beneficence?

Answer 1

Showing kindness or doing good for others allowing for a morally right outcome

Question 2

What is nonmaleficence?

Answer 2

Specfically causing no harm

Question 3

What are regulated professions’ common elements?

Answer 3

Educational standards
Provinical and territorial examinations
Practictioner’s scope of practice
Curbing of individual’s practice if standards are not met
Formal complaints process for the public
Complaints investigation and follow up
Title protection
Competence and quality assurance

Question 4

Practice settings include:

Answer 4

The community
Hospitals
Long-term care facilites
Rehabillitation centres
Hospices
A variety of clinics, offies, and family practice
Primary care settings

Question 5

How many Canadians 12 and over reported that they did not have a regular health care provider in 2019?

Answer 5

14.5%

Question 6

What ways are regions experimenting with to deliver primary care?

Answer 6

Mulitdisciplinary teams
Extended office hours
Use of electronic communication/portals to answer questions
Home based care
Interprofessional collaboration
Community-based care

Question 7

When in Ontario did pharmacists begin to be able to prescribe certain medications for 13 common ailments?

Answer 7

January 1, 2023

Question 8

What is the Health Care Connect program?

Answer 8

A program to help Ontarians find primary health care providers

Question 10

What are the two categories of health care providers?

Answer 10

Conventional
Complementary and alternative

Question 11

What are the two subdivisions of conventional health care providers?

Answer 11

Core health professionals
Allied health professionals

Question 12

What are examples of core health professionals under the conventional health care provider category?

Answer 12

Doctors
Nurses
Ophthalmologists
Psychiatrists

Question 13

What are examples of allied health professionals under the conventional health care providers category?

Answer 13

Osteopaths
Personal support workers (PSWs)
Optometrists
Psychologists

Question 14

What are examples of complementary and alternative health care providers?

Answer 14

Indigeneous healers
Acupuntucture practitioners
Homeopathic doctors
Reflexologists

Question 15

When does opposition of alternative medicine usually arise?

Answer 15

When people use it in place of scientifically proven treatments

Question 16

Why may individuals disregard conventional medicine?

Answer 16

Patient may have had a bad experience
Patient may hold a belief system that contradicts mainstream medicine
Patient may have received an alternative treatment that appeared to have worked previously
Mainstream medicine may not have a solution

Question 17

Are chiropractors conventional or alternative?

Answer 17

Alternative

Question 18

Can you call yourself an RDH if you are not registered with the CDHO?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

What is 811?

Answer 19

A replacement for Telehealth Ontario to access advise from qualified health professionals

Question 20

What is ethics?

Answer 20

The study of standards of right and wrong in human behaviour

A code of behaviour or conduct

Question 21

What is morality?

Answer 21

A system of beliefs about what is right and wrong, encompassing a person’s values, beliefs, and sense of duty and responsibility

Question 22

What are morals?

Answer 22

What a person believes to be right and wrong regarding how to treat others and how to behave in an organized society

Question 23

What are values?

Answer 23

Beliefs important to an individual that guide a person’s conduct and the decisions they make

Question 24

How does teleological theory define an action?

Answer 24

As right or wrong depending on the results it produces

Question 25

What ethical theory demands that a moral and honest action is taken, regardless of the outcome?

Answer 25

Deontological theory

Question 26

What ethical theory states that a person of moral character will act wisely, fairly, honestly, and will uphold the principles of justice?

Answer 26

Virtue ethics

Question 27

What ethical theory follows philosophies and rules set out by a higher power?

Answer 27

Divine command ethics

Question 28

What are the ethical principles that are relevant to health care?

Answer 28

Beneficence Nonmaleficence Respect Autonomy Truthfulness Fidelity Justice

Question 29

True or False: If a patient has a right within health care or to health care, for the most part, the health care professional has the duty to grant that right.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or False: to fulfil one's duty to honour patients' rights, the health care professional must either act to carry out a responsibility or refrain from acting or interfering in a situation.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What was the point of the original Hippocratic Oath?

Answer 31

Provide ethicial and professional responsibilty of the physician to do their best for the patient, preserve life at all costs, and make decisions in the best interest of the patient.

Question 32

What led to a revised version of the Hippocractic Oath?

Answer 32

Attitude towards patient autonomy changing over the years

Question 33

What has made the allocation of resources an increasing concern in the health care industry?

Answer 33

Rising health care costs Expensive technologies Limited access to many services

Question 34

What are some examples of resource allocation issues?

Answer 34

Organ transplantation Finances and resources Northern access to health care

Question 35

End of life issues that raise ethical concerns include

Answer 35

Patients who wish to withdraw life-saving measures Issuing do-not-resuscitate orders Requesting support or palliative care in the face of a terminal illness

Question 36

What is the purpose of euthanasia?

Answer 36

To deliberately end a life in order to relieve pain and suffering due to an incurable disease

Question 37

What are the various categories of euthanasia?

Answer 37

Voluntry euthanasia Involuntary euthanasia Active euthanasia Passive euthanasia Physician-assisted suicide

Question 38

The act of ending or assisting to end a person's life is illegal in most countries except for

Answer 38

Passive euthanasia

Question 39

Mentally competent adult patients have the right to

Answer 39

Refuse medical treatment Request a DNR order Ask for only comfort measures

Question 40

Can a person reverse their DNR request at any time?

Answer 40

Yes

Question 41

Are health care providers legally bound to honor requests of refusing medical tx, DNRs, and comfort only measures?

Answer 41

Yes

Question 42

What specifies the nature and level of treatment a patient would want to receive in the event that he or she becomes unable to make those decisions at a later time?

Answer 42

An advanced directive

Question 43

What type of care addresses the physical and emotional needs of those who are dying?

Answer 43

Palliative care

Question 44

What year did abortion become legal in Canada without restrictions?

Answer 44

1988

Question 45

What is Canada's estimated mental health expenditure for public and private mental health?

Answer 45

$15.8 billion

Question 46

What is Canada's estimated proportion of total health expenditure on mental health?

Answer 46

7% by 2019 9% by 2022

Question 47

What is the average cost per day to stay in a mental health unit of a general hospital?

Answer 47

$450/day

Question 48

What is the average cost per day to stay in a physchiatric hospital?

Answer 48

$414/day

Question 49

What was the average length of stay in a mental health unit in a general hospital?

Answer 49

13

Question 50

What is the average length of stay in a pyschiatric hospital?

Answer 50

67 days

Question 51

True or False: Canadians with mental health and / or substance abuse problems have a higher homeless rate.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

Offenders coping with mental illness and / or addiction have increased by how much over the last 20 years?

Answer 52

85%

Question 53

What are the leading disorders affecting the mental health of Canadians in the workforce?

Answer 53

Depression and anxiety

Question 54

What was the first national strategy for mental health?

Answer 54

Changing Directions, Changing Lives

Question 55

What was the Changing Directions, Changing Live strategy aiming to do?

Answer 55

Improve care across the country Provide the necessary resources and support for mental illness sufferers and their families Promote mental health and prevention of mental illness

Question 56

What is e-mental health technology?

Answer 56

Support systems remotely such as counselling

Question 57

True or False: for the first time, the number of persons aged 65+ exceed the number of children aged 0-14.

Answer 57

True

Question 58

What does the National Seniors' Strategy do?

Answer 58

Enables older Canadians to remain independent, productive, and engaged members of our communities

Question 59

What are the associated concerns with the aging population?

Answer 59

Longer visits being necessary with older people's provider Ongoing shortage of gerontologists Shortage of long-term care

Question 60

What are the concerns regarding home care?

Answer 60

Home services remaining outside of provincial or territoral health plan coverage Poor coordination of services Insufficient human resources Inconsistent and poor-quality care

Question 61

What are the five fundamental principles underlying a national seniors strategy?

Answer 61

Access Equity Choice Value Quality

Question 62

What are the four pillars supporting a national seniors strategy?

Answer 62

Independent, productive, and engaged citizens Healthy and active lives Care closer to home Support for caregivers

Question 63

What are the home and continuing care goals most provinces and territories want to achieve?

Answer 63

Increasing the number of funded vists recipients can recieve Developing a system to recuit and retain human health resources Developing a strategy to make the best use of existing resources Advocating for a national "carers" strategy Advancing the use of technology to improve access and coordination Improving access to training for providers

Question 64

What is the fastest growing health care cost?

Answer 64

Prescription drugs

Question 65

True or False: most Canadians carry private drug insurance.

Answer 65

False. Many Canadians do not carry private drug insurance and face financial hardship when they need medications.

Question 66

True or False: 1 in 4 households reported a family member who did not take their medicine due to cost.

Answer 66

False. 1 in 5 households reported a family member who did not take their medicine due to cost.

Question 67

True or False: nearly 3 million Canadians said they were unable to afford one or more of their medications in the past year.

Answer 67

True

Question 68

How many Canadians said they cut back on food or home heating to afford their medications?

Answer 68

Almost 1 million

Question 69

Is the federal government entertaining the option of a national pharmacare plan that would include the creation of a central agency to control price and monitor quality of new drugs?

Answer 69

Yes

Question 70

When did cannabis become legal in Canada?

Answer 70

2018

Question 71

What are the issues with cannabis?

Answer 71

Use in the workplace DUI Use in the armed forces Growing at home Possession limit is 30g Online availability Edible products needs to be kept from youths Long-term effects in youth and younger adults

Question 72

True or False: the population base of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis is younger than the rest of the population of Canada.

Answer 72

True

Question 73

First Nations, Inuit, and Metis population have a higher incidence of

Answer 73

Injury Chronic disease Morbidity rates Mortality rates Mental illness Family violence Substance abuse Suicide

Question 74

Suicide rate is ___ times higher for First Nations youth vs non-Aboriginal youth.

Answer 74

5-6

Question 75

Suicide rate for Inuit youth is ___ times higher than the Canadian national average.

Answer 75

11

Question 76

What poses the greatest challenge to Indigenous health care?

Answer 76

Access and universality

Question 77

What is a staffing problem for Indigenous health care?

Answer 77

Retaining medical and nursing staff

Question 78

How are health centres trying to support Indigenous health care?

Answer 78

By incorporating traditional healing practices into their programs

Question 79

Is there a consensus on the best approach for Indigenous health care?

Answer 79

No

Question 80

Truth and Reconciliation commission says to acknowledge

Answer 80

Current state of Indigenous health is a result of previous Canadian government policies

Question 81

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission establishes measure goals to identify and

Answer 81

Close gaps in health outcomes

Question 82

Are medical and nursing studens required to take a course in Indigenous health issues?

Answer 82

Yes

Question 83

What is Canada Health Infoway?

Answer 83

A service that provides digital solutions for Canada's health care system with projects that include PrescribeIT and ACCESS Health.

Question 84

What is PrescribeIT?

Answer 84

A national system of electronic health records

Question 85

What is ACCESS Health?

Answer 85

A digital solution enhancing patient accessibility to their own health information

Question 86

The National Electronnic Health Record System initiative will require

Answer 86

Stakeholder commitment and collaboration Continual financing and support systems A public that trusts their health info will be secure Foolproof tracking and security systems Computer software programs that message each other A uniform vocabulary of technical language Defined laws governing the use and exchange of health information

Question 87

Why is the sustainability of health care in Canada questionable?

Answer 87

Due to soaring costs

Question 88

How can social media impact the provider/patient relationship?

Answer 88

Reducing it through self-diagnosing and researching information/misinformation

Question 89

Support groups on social media can

Answer 89

Be part of a treatment plan

Question 90

What must physicians do when retiring about patient's records?

Answer 90

Retain and store them in such a manner that patients and other health care providers can access it

Question 91

How long does the Canadian Medical Protective Association advise physicians keep medical records for?

Answer 91

10 years or 10 years after patient reaches age of majority

Question 92

Who owns the medical records?

Answer 92

The physician/clinic

Question 93

Who can consent for minors?

Answer 93

Minor deemed competant Parent Guardian

Question 94

At what age can a person choose to be an organ donor?

Answer 94

16

Question 95

What is the only province that does not link an individual's permission to be an organ donor to their health card or driver's licence?

Answer 95

Saskatchewan

Question 96

How can minors become organ donors?

Answer 96

By making their wishes known to their parents

Question 97

Can an organ be bought in Canada?

Answer 97

No

Question 98

Does Canada have presumed consent legislation for organ donation?

Answer 98

Only in Nova Scotia