Test 3

Question 1

A general term used to describe techniques based on the measurement of absorption, emission, or luminescence of electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 1

Spectroscopy

Question 2

The interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter

Answer 2

Spectroscopy

Question 3

A form of energy with properties that can be described in terms of waves or as particulate photons, depending on the method of observation

Answer 3

Electromagnetic radiation

Question 4

The number of oscillations of the electric field vector per unit time and is equal to 1/p

Answer 4

Frequency

Question 5

The fundamental relationship for the absorption of radiation by matter

Answer 5

Beers Law

Question 6

The ratio of power of a beam of radiation after it has transverses an absorbing medium to its original power. Often expressed as a percentage

Answer 6

Transmittance

Question 7

A process in which a substance is incorporated or assimilated within another. Also, a process in which a beam of electromagnetic radiation is attenuated during passage through a medium

Answer 7

Absorption

Question 8

The electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs

Answer 8

Anode

Question 9

Range of wavelengths or frequencies over which a spectral feature (eg absorption or emission peak) is observed.

Answer 9

Bandwidth

Question 10

The mobile phase for gas chromatography

Answer 10

Carrier gas

Question 11

In an electrochemical cell, the electrode at which reduction takes place

Answer 11

Cathode

Question 12

A plot of an analyte signal proportional to concentration or mass as a function of elution time or elution volume

Answer 12

Chromatogram

Question 13

A term for methods of separation based on the interaction of species with a stationary phase while they are being transported by a mobile phase

Answer 13

Chromatography

Question 14

An electrochemical cell that requires an external source of energy to drive the cell reaction. Compare with galvanic cell

Answer 14

Electrolytic cell

Question 15

Liquid or solution that exits from a chromatography system or other separation process after passing through the stationary phase. Contains the separated components of the mixture being analyzed or purified

Answer 15

Eluate

Question 16

A mobile phase in chromatography that is used to carry solutes through a stationary phase

Answer 16

Eluent

Question 17

Process in which solutes are washed through a stationary phase by the movement of a mobile phase

Answer 17

Elution

Question 18

Spectrum of light or electromagnetic radiation emitted by a substance when it’s atoms or molecules transition from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. This released energy appears as light, with specific wavelengths corresponding to discrete energy differences

Answer 18

Emission spectrum

Question 19

In fluorescence spectroscopy, a plot of fluorescence intensity as a function of excitation wavelength

Answer 19

Excitation spectrum

Question 20

Radiation produced by an atom or a molecule that has been excited by photons to a singlet excited state

Answer 20

Fluorescence

Question 21

Radiant emission from atoms that have excited by absorption of electromagnetic radiation

Answer 21

Fluorescence

Question 22

Fluorescent chemical compound that can absorb light at a specific wavelength and then re-emit light at a longer wavelength

Answer 22

Fluorophore

Question 23

Number of oscillations that occur in 1 second

Answer 23

Frequency

Question 24

An electrochemical cell that provides energy during its operations. Converts chemical energy into electrical energy through spontaneous redox reaction.

Answer 24

Galvanic cell

Question 25

In liquid chromatography, the systematic alteration of mobile phase composition to optimize the chromatographic resolution of the components in a mixture.

Answer 25

Gradient elution

Question 26

Elution with a single solvent

Answer 26

Isocratic elution

Question 27

The emission of light by a substance that has not been heated. Material absorbs energy and then re-emits it as light, often as a longer wavelength.

Answer 27

Luminescence

Question 28

In chromatography, a liquid or gas that carries analytes through a liquid or solid stationary phase

Answer 28

Mobile phase

Question 29

Chemical process in which a substance loses electrons.

Answer 29

Oxidation

Question 30

Emission of light from an excited triplet state; slower than fluorescence and may occur over several minutes

Answer 30

Phosphorescence spectroscopy

Question 31

Energy packets of electromagnetic radiation; aka quanta

Answer 31

Photons

Question 32

Chemical process in which a substance gains electrons

Answer 32

Reduction

Question 33

Bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different optical density, which changes the speed of the wave

Answer 33

Refraction

Question 34

Measures the ability of a chromatographic column to separate two analytes; defined as the difference between the retention times for the two peaks divided by their average widths

Answer 34

Resolution

Question 35

In chromatography, the time between sample injection on a chromatographic column and the arrival of an analyte peak at the detector

Answer 35

Retention time

Question 36

Technique used to measure the intensity of light absorbed by a substance as a function of its wavelength

Answer 36

Spectrophotometry

Question 37

In chromatography, a solid or an immobilized liquid on which analyte species are partitioned during passage of a mobile phase

Answer 37

Stationary phase

Question 38

The ratio of the power of a beam of radiation after it has traversed an absorbing medium to its original power; often expressed as a percentage: %T=(P/P0)x100%

Answer 38

Transmittance

Question 39

The distance between two consecutive points in a wave that are in phase, such as two adjacent crests or troughs in a sinusoïdal wave

Answer 39

Wavelength

Question 40

Measure of the number of wave cycles per unit distance. Reciprocal of wavelength; cm ^-1

Answer 40

Wavenumber