Test 3

Question 1

________ is a concept that refers to any social system that is based on both rank and reward.

Hierarchy
Hegemony
Stratification
Democracy

Answer 1

Stratification

Question 2

All of the following measures are used to calculate the socioeconomic status (SES) except _______.

Wealth
Education
Income
Occupational prestige

Answer 2

Wealth

Question 3

Which of the following sociological perspectives is most useful for examining stratification systems?

functionalism
symbolic interaction
conflict
both a and c are correct

Answer 3

both a and c are correct

Question 4

_________ refers to the idea that stratification systems and the ideologies that justify them, are created by the dominant group in order to maintain their power?

Meritocracy
Hegemony
Democracy
Davis and Moore thesis

Answer 4

Hegemony

Question 5

All of the following social classes were included in Plato’s ideal society except

priests
guardians/warriors
philosopher kings
craftsmen

Answer 5

priests

Question 6

What is a caste system?
social stratification based on achieved statuses
social stratification based on ascribed statuses
a meritocracy
a class system

Answer 6

social stratification based on ascribed statuses

Question 7

What is ideology?
ideas that prevent powerful groups from maintaining power
an accurate view about the social order
ideas that stem from scientific and philosophical inquiry
cultural beliefs that justify stratification systems

Answer 7

cultural beliefs that justify stratification systems

Question 8

Which of the following theoretical perspectives uses the Davis and Moore thesis to substantiate their perspective on stratification?

Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
Conflict
Labeling

Answer 8

Functionalism

Question 9

According to the Davis and Moore Thesis, which of the following is true?

equality is a function of society
world inequality results from the activities of global multinational companies
The most valuable positions must yield substantial rewards to attract the talent necessary to fill them.
Stratification will ultimately be eliminated eventu

Answer 9

The most valuable positions must yield substantial rewards to attract the talent necessary to fill them.

Question 10

Kuznet’s curve suggests that _________.

industrialization and stratification are unrelated
industrialized societies have the least amount of stratification
in general, as societies become more technologically advanced, their stratification systems become more significant
Foraging societies are the most stratified

Answer 10

in general, as societies become more technologically advanced, their stratification systems become more significant

Question 11

Other than property ownership, which of the following is also responsible for generating stratification systems?

Expanding Division of labor
Technology
Marriage
Both A and B

Answer 11

Both A and B

Question 12

According to Karl Marx, disparities in wealth and power between the bourgeoisie and proletariat will inevitably lead to _______.

negotiation
meritocracy
function
revolution

Answer 12

revolution

Question 13

Which of the following concepts depicts classless society

Socialism
Caste system
democracy
communism

Answer 13

communism

Question 14

Which one of the following types of poverty refers to a deprivation of resources that is life-threatening?

relative poverty
working poor
social poverty
absolute poverty

Answer 14

absolute poverty

Question 15

The _______________ is a phrase which identifies the fact that single women and their children have been slipping into poverty at higher rates than many other groups.

divorce revolution
segmented labor market
pink-collar work
feminization of poverty

Answer 15

feminization of poverty

Question 16

The poverty threshold is determined by which of the following budgetary expenses – which happened to be the primary budgetary expense in the 1960s.

Food
Gas
rent
your significant other

Answer 16

Food

Question 17

Approximately how many people are currently living in poverty?
11 %
17 %
7 %
22 %

Answer 17

11 %

Question 18

How many types of nations did Wallerstein have in his World Systems Theory?

Two
Five
Three
Seven

Answer 18

Three

Question 19

Which type of slavery consist of one person owning another

chattel slavery
debt bondage
child slavery
migrant work

Answer 19

chattel slavery

Question 20

Which type of slavery consists of employers holding workers by paying them too little to cover their debts?

chattel slavery
debt bondage
child slavery
relative slavery

Answer 20

debt bondage

Question 21

Does modernization theory maintain which of the following?

Poor countries will never be able to “catch-up” to the wealthier countries

Underdevelopment results from rich nations exploiting poorer countries

Global inequality simply reflects differing levels of technological development between countries

Rich nations depend on poor nations for technological expertise

Answer 21

Global inequality simply reflects differing levels of technological development between countries

Question 22

Which one of the following answers gives the correct order of stages of modernization according to W.W. Rostow?

high mass consumption, tradition, drive to technological security, take-off
tradition, drive to technological maturity, take-off, high mass consumption
high mass consumption, tradition, take-off, drive to technological maturity
tradition, take-off, drive to technological maturity, high mass consumption

Answer 22

tradition, take-off, drive to technological maturity, high mass consumption

Question 23

Which of the following answers best represents dependency theories?

the gap between the low-income and high-income countries will narrow under global capitalism
global poverty historically stems from the exploitation of low-income countries by high-income countries
Social development can be described as social evolution
As high-income nations prosper, the standard of living for people in middle and low-income countries will steadily rise

Answer 23

global poverty historically stems from the exploitation of low-income countries by high-income countries

Question 24

Which one of the following theoretical perspectives is most consistent with dependency theory?

Functionalism
Symbolic interaction
Conflict
Labeling

Answer 24

Conflict

Question 25

Which one of the following theoretical perspectives is most consistent with modernization theory? Functionalism Symbolic interaction Conflict World System Theory

Answer 25

Functionalism

Question 26

According to Wallerstein, __________ countries must rely on cash crops and herds to generate income in the global market. core semi-peripheral peripheral high income

Answer 26

peripheral

Question 27

Which one of the following types of nations serves as one of the primary consumers of human trafficking? core semi peripheral peripheral low income

Answer 27

core

Question 28

Wallerstein’s World System Theory is an example of a _______. Modernization theory Dependency theory

Answer 28

Dependency theory

Question 29

Generally speaking, and with a few exceptions gender stratification ranges from patriarchy to __________. patriarchy monarchy matriarchy egalitarianism

Answer 29

egalitarianism

Question 30

With respect to the wage gap, women currently earn approximately _______ cents to the man’s dollar. 65 80 73 92

Answer 30

80

Question 31

Which one of the following answers is an example of the kind of structured inequality that leaves women at a disadvantage from birth? being a woman is a preexisting condition wage gap pink-collar work (secondary sector) the pink tax sexual harassment at work threat of sexual violence everywhere all of the above

Answer 31

all of the above

Question 32

Which of the following statements best describes Parson’s structural-functional analysis of gender? the activities of men and women in hunting and gathering societies were of equal importance social norms do not differentiate male from female roles males and females serve “complimentary” gender roles male and female roles are often redundant (they overlap)

Answer 32

males and females serve “complimentary” gender roles

Question 33

Which one of the following plays a role in the engendering process? The media Schools language all of the above

Answer 33

all of the above

Question 34

The term ______ refers to the kinds of occupations that women historically occupied given their presumed predisposition for caring and nurturing. Blue-collar White collar pink collar dirty collar

Answer 34

pink collar

Question 35

__________ refers to the fact that although women have made many strides in the workplace, the distribution of work around the home remains imbalanced. 24/7 Second shift all work, no play make Jane mad WTF

Answer 35

Second shift

Question 36

What form of feminism accepts the basic organization of the U.S. society, but seeks to ensure that females have the same rights and opportunities as males do across all aspects of life – public and private? liberal radical Marxist Post Modernism

Answer 36

liberal

Question 37

Which of the following perspectives is most inclusive because they acknowledge the intersectionality of patriarchal oppression? liberal radical Marxist Postmodern

Answer 37

Postmodern

Question 38

Which of the following feminist theories wants to ensure women’s workforce participation in meaningful, well paid occupations? Liberal Radical Marxist Postmodernism

Answer 38

Marxist

Question 39

Which of the following materials did I use to illustrate the significance of the engendering process? Tough Guise video Discussed Norms guiding romantic relationships among teenage girls Still Killing us Softly video All of the above were used

Answer 39

All of the above were used

Question 40

_______ is a socially constructed category used to categorize people on the basis of shared biological characteristics that powerful members of a society deem significant. minority ethnicity race religion

Answer 40

race

Question 41

What is the term for a shared cultural / ancestral heritage? Race Ethnicity religion gender

Answer 41

Ethnicity

Question 42

Which of the following groups are considered minorities? women in the U.S. Muslim people in the U.S. blacks in South Africa All of the above are minorities

Answer 42

All of the above are minorities

Question 43

According to Adorno, authoritarian personalities have which of the following characteristics: tolerant of others, morality is subjective intolerant of others and see moral issues of clear-cut right and wrong sympathetic to others and have great leadership qualities highly educated, emotionally sound, permissive parents and upbringing

Answer 43

intolerant of others and see moral issues of clear-cut right and wrong

Question 44

Which one of the following types of integration attempts to achieve the goal of the “Smelting Pot?” assimilation segregation acculturation genocide

Answer 44

assimilation

Question 45

________ is when someone blames their own personal problems, or social problems, on minority groups blaming society finger pointing Trumpeting scapegoating

Answer 45

scapegoating

Question 46

____ is a state in which people of all races, ethnicities and cultures remain distinct in their private lives but share a common cultural experience in public life? assimilation segregation genocide pluralism

Answer 46

pluralism

Question 47

In class I brought up a particular website at Harvard University that attempts to measure ____________? intelligence racial identity Implicit bias gender stratification

Answer 47

Implicit bias

Question 48

____________ is the process of killing an entire group of people by another group of people. assimilation segregation genocide pluralism

Answer 48

genocide

Question 49

Which one of the following theoretical perspectives has a problem with diversity? functionalism symbolic interaction conflict feminism

Answer 49

functionalism

Question 50

In class I showed a clip from a documentary called 13th, what was I illustrating with this video? the prison industrialized complex school to prison pipeline gentrification how the number 13 came to be an unlucky number

Answer 50

the prison industrialized complex