Test #3 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Bolus
Volume of drug administered IV rapidly, as a single dose
Eructate
Method used by ruminants to remove excess gas from the rumen, “burp”
Hypoventilation
Common complication of anesthesia in large animals, will result in hypoxia
Field anesthesia
General anesthesia for short procedures that can be done without having the horse in hospital
Myopathy
Known as “tying up” in horses, a complication from anesthesia due to muscle damage from poor blood flow or pressure on muscles while laying on surgery table
Neuropathy
Damage to a peripheral nerve, can be a complication from positioning during anesthesia or from not removing the horse’s halter
Positive inotrope
Drugs like dobutamine that increase the force of heart muscle contraction, may be needed for low blood pressure under anesthesia
Regurgitus
Ruminal contents that may flow into esophagus and mouth when ruminant is relaxed under anesthesia, can lead to aspiration
Standing chemical restraint
Heavy sedation used to allow horse to remain standing but very relaxed for minor procedures
Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
Lack of equality in oxygen and blood flow reaching alveoli
What is appropriate positioning and padding for a horse on a surgery table? Why is this important?
- Use a lot of padding, walls and floor must be padded to sedate/induce equine patient
- Patient can lay in VD or lateral
- Important in order to keep us and the patient safe
Are anticholinergics ok to use with Camelid’s?
Yes we can, in small doses
What does Guaifenesin do?
- Used with ketamine (double drip)
- Used for anesthetic induction
- Lasts 10-20 minutes
- Used with xylazine and ketamine (triple drip
What are nasotracheal tube placement used for? And who?
- Used for inhalant induction in horses
- Used in very sick foals
- Endotracheal intubation involves longer nasotracheal tubes
What does dobutamine do? This drug is specifically made to treat what?
- Dobutamine is a positive inotrope
-made to contract heart muscles more - Monitor ECG when patient has received this drug
Are anticholinergics good for Ruminants? If yes or no explain why?
Anticholinergic drugs are not used in ruminants. This drug does not reduce salivation in ruminants, instead, it makes the saliva thicker. This can facilitate aspiration. This drug is only used for ruminants in emergency
What species has a sensitive larynx like cats?
-Swine
Give me examples of a triple drip for equine and a double drip for a cattle
- Equine triple drip – Ketamine/Guaifensin/Xylazine
- Cattle double drip – Ketamine/Guaifensin
What is what area when dealing with Camelid’s that we need to be cautious of:
The neck
Most common problem in Ruminants when dealing with Anesthesia?
Hypoventilation
Porcine stress happens due to the use of
AKA malignant hyperthermia. Associated with inhalant anesthetics. This is a metabolic condition due to genetic defect. Signs include muscle rigidity, rapid rise in temperature, hypercapnia, hyperkalemia and death.
Camelid’s are considered what kind of ruminants?
Not a true ruminant – first stomach compartment is like the rumen.
How do Camelid’s breath? By nose, by mouth?
Primarily nasal breathers
What would you see in a horse that is feeling standing sedation?
- Lowering of head and neck
- Reluctant to move
- Wide based stance
- Lack of interest in surrounding environment
- Still sensitive to loud noises and movements
