Test 3

Question 0

The different cultures encountered in classrooms and how these cultural differences influence learning.

Answer 0

Cultural Diversity

Question 1

The knowledge, attitudes, values, customs, and behavior patterns that characterize a social group.

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

A person’s ancestry; the way individuals identify themselves with the nation they or their ancestors came from.

Answer 2

Ethnicity

Question 3

A process of socializing people so that they adopt dominant social norms and patterns of behavior.

Answer 3

Assimilation

Question 4

A general term that describes a variety of strategies schools use to accommodate cultural differences in teaching and learning.

Answer 4

Multicultural Education

Question 5

Instruction that acknowledges and accommodates cultural diversity.

Answer 5

Culturally Responsive Teaching

Question 6

Students whose first language is not English and who need help in learning to speak, read, and write in English.

Answer 6

English Language Learners

Question 7

Language programs that place the greatest emphasis on using and sustaining the first language.

Answer 7

Bilingual Maintenance Language Programs

Question 8

Language programs that emphasize a rapid transition to English.

Answer 8

Immersion Programs

Question 9

Language programs that emphasize rapid transition to English through structured help with English.

Answer 9

English as a Second Language Programs

Question 10

Language programs that maintain the first language until students acquire sufficient English to succeed in English-only classrooms.

Answer 10

Transition Program

Question 11

Discrimination based on gender that limits the growth possibilities of either boys or girls.

Answer 11

Gender Bias

Question 12

Differences in expectations and beliefs about appropriate roles and behaviors of the two sexes.

Answer 12

Gender-role Identity

Question 13

A rigid, simplistic caricature of a particular group of people.

Answer 13

Stereotype

Question 14

Classes and schools where boys and girls are segregated for part or all of the day.

Answer 14

Single-sex Classes and Schools

Question 15

The physical, intellectual, moral, emotional, and social changes that occur in students as a result of their maturation and experience.

Answer 15

Development

Question 16

Changes in students’ thinking as they mature and acquire experiences.

Answer 16

Cognitive Development

Question 17

A theory that describes how students’ thinking about the world changes over time and how experiences contribute to development.

Answer 17

Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory

Question 18

Students’ conceptions of right and wrong that change with experience and maturity.

Answer 18

Moral Development

Question 19

A stage of moral reasoning in which children view rules as fixed, permanent, and enforced by authority figures.

Answer 19

External Morality

Question 20

A stage of moral reasoning in which children develop rational ideas of fairness and see justice as a reciprocal process of treating others as they would want to be treated.

Answer 20

Autonomous Morality

Question 21

Changes in our personalities and our ability to manage out feelings.

Answer 21

Personal Development

Question 22

Changes over time in the ways we relate to others.

Answer 22

Social Development

Question 23

General patterns of interacting with and disciplining children.

Answer 23

Parenting Style

Question 24

The capacity to acquire and use knowledge, solve problems, and reason in the abstract.

Answer 24

Intelligence

Question 25

Theory that suggests that overall intelligence is composed if eight relatively independent dimensions.

Answer 25

Multiple Intelligences

Question 26

The practice of placing students of similar abilities into groups and matching instruction to the needs of each group.

Answer 26

Ability Grouping

Question 27

Dividing all students in a given grade level into groups, such as high, medium, and low.

Answer 27

Between-class Ability Grouping

Question 28

Dividing students within one classroom into ability groups.

Answer 28

Within-class Ability Grouping

Question 29

Placing students in a series of classes or curricula on the basis of ability and career goals.

Answer 29

Tracking

Question 30

A preferred way of learning g and studying.

Answer 30

Learning Style

Question 31

Students' awareness of the ways they learn most effectively and their ability to control these factors.

Answer 31

Metacognition

Question 32

Learners who need special help to reach their full potential.

Answer 32

Students with Execptionalities

Question 33

Functional limitations or an inability to perform a certain act, such as hear or walk.

Answer 33

Disabilities

Question 34

Abilities at the upper end of the continuum that require support beyond regular classroom instruction to reach full potential.

Answer 34

Giftedness

Question 35

Instruction designed to meet the unique needs of students with exceptionalities.

Answer 35

Special Education

Question 36

The practice of moving students with exceptionalities from segregated settings into regular education classrooms, often for selected activities only.

Answer 36

Mainstreaming

Question 37

A comprehensive approach to educating students with exceptionalities that incorporates a total, systematic, and coordinated web of services.

Answer 37

Inclusion

Question 38

An individually prescribed instructional plan collaboratively devised by special education and general education teachers, resource professionals, parents, and sometimes the student.

Answer 38

Individual Education Program

Question 39

A comprehensive service plan, similar to an IEP, that targets the families of young children who are developmentally delayed.

Answer 39

Individualized Family Service Plan

Question 40

Students at the upper end of the ability continuum who need special services to reach their full potential.

Answer 40

Gifted and Talented

Question 41

A gifted and talented program that keeps the curriculum the same but allows students to move through it more quickly.

Answer 41

Acceleration

Question 42

A gifted and talented program that provides richer and varied content through strategies that supplement usual grade-level work.

Answer 42

Enrichment

Question 43

A method of identifying students with exceptionalities that focuses on differences between classroom performance and tests, achievement and intelligence tests, or subjects within tests.

Answer 43

Discrepancy Model of Identification

Question 44

A method of identifying a learning disability that focuses on the specific classroom instructional adaptions and their success.

Answer 44

Response to Intervention Model of Identification

Question 45

Communication and decision making among educational professionals to create an optimal learning environment for students with exceptionalities.

Answer 45

Collaboration

Question 46

A set of adaptive tools that supports students with disabilities in learning activities and daily life tasks.

Answer 46

Assistive Technology