Test #3

Question 1

T/F

Glucosuria in cats occurs when blood glucose exceeds 160mg/dl

Answer 1

False

Question 2

T/F

HBO, Hemolysis, and Liver Disease are possible causes for bilirubinuria

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F

Herbivores generally have alkaline urine and thus tend to have casts in urine

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T/F

0-Trace of ketones can be normal to see in urine

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T/F

Hard stones with sharp protrusions that can damage the bladder describes struvites

Answer 5

False

Question 6

T/F

Erythrocyte casts can be normal or indicate bleeding in the kidney

Answer 6

False

Question 7

T/F

All stones are pH dependent

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/F

BUN and Creatinine are used to measure glomerular filtration

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T/F

Creatinine may increase due to extreme muscle exertion

Answer 9

False - Constant rate

Question 10

T/F

A decreased USG can cause crenated RBCs

Answer 10

False

Question 11

T/F

Horse urine is cloudy due to mucus and calcium oxalate crystals

Answer 11

False - Carbonate

Question 12

T/F

Fat droplets can resemble intact RBC under the microscope

Answer 12

True

Question 13

T/F

When scanning urine we scan on 10X and do a final analysis on 40X

Answer 13

True

Question 14

T/F
When looking at urinary sediment it is important to “cruise” around the edges of the coverslip because crystals and cells sometimes settle there

Answer 14

True

Question 15

T/F

“Bladder Sludge” seen in alkaline urine is reported out as Amorphous Urates

Answer 15

False

Question 16

T/F

BUN, Creatinine, and USG will be elevated when 2/3-3/4 nephrons are nonfunctional.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

T/F

The blood reagent pad detects RBC, Myoglobin, and Hgb

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T/F

Leukocyte casts have a disorganized arrangement of cells

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F

Oxalate uroliths form in acidic urine and are most commonly caused by a bacterial infection due to urease+ bacteria

Answer 19

False- Struvites

Question 20

A fixed USG has a range of _____ and indicates that _____ of nephrons are nonfunctional.

Answer 20

1.008-1.012

2/3-3/4

Question 21

Something upon which a stone can form on defines

Answer 21

Nidus

Question 22

The normal BUN for the dog is

Answer 22

7-27mg/dl

Question 23

Calcium Oxalate monohydrate (hippuric shape) crystals:

Answer 23

Indicate ethylene glycol toxicity

Question 24

An opaque cast with broad ends and brittle edges thats never normal to see in urine

Answer 24

Waxy Cast

Question 25

A cystocentesis from an intact male cat may contain the following except:

Answer 25

1+ Squams

Question 26

Normal equine urine may contain the following except:

Answer 26

pH is alkaline Calcium oxalate dihydrate Mucous threads Calcium Carbonate ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE NORMAL

Question 27

A 17 year old cat presents to your clinic with a BUN of 21mg/dl, Creatinine of 1.2mg/dl and USG of 1.012 This is an example of

Answer 27

Not Azotemia

Question 28

A dog in shock come to your clinic with BUN of 69mg/dl, Creatinine of 5.6mg/dl and a USG of 1.045 This is an example of

Answer 28

Pre-Renal Azotemia

Question 29

Leukocytes

Answer 29

Mistaken with crenated RBC

Question 30

Hematuria can be caused by the following except

Answer 30

Free Catch

Question 31

Define Azotemia

Answer 31

Increase in non-protein nitrogenous waste in blood

Question 32

Test used to diagnose and classify azotemia

Answer 32

BUN USG Creatinine

Question 33

Centrifuge urine at ____rpm for ____ min. pour off the ____ resuspend the _____ Scan on ___ and do a final analysis on ___

Answer 33

1500, 3-5 supernatent sediment 10X, 40X

Question 34

What is the largest cell seen on a U/A

Answer 34

Squamous epithelial cells

Question 35

_______ line the bladder, ureters, and proximal part of the urethra

Answer 35

Transitional epithelial cells

Question 36

Name the general things that a stone needs to form

Answer 36

increase in concentration of minerals adequate pH adequate time in urinary bladder

Question 37

Spiky yellow-gold needles normal to see in urine (twigs)

Answer 37

Bilirubin

Question 38

Broken glass

Answer 38

Uric Acid

Question 39

6-sided stop signs

Answer 39

Cystine

Question 40

Picket fence posts

Answer 40

Hippuric Acid

Question 41

Envelopes

Answer 41

Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate

Question 42

Dumbbells or round with radial striations normal in horses

Answer 42

Calcium Carbonate

Question 43

Stair Steps

Answer 43

Cholesterol

Question 44

Form in acidic urine

Answer 44

Calcium oxalate dihydrate | Calcium oxalate monohydrate

Question 45

Can be seen with liver disease

Answer 45

Tyrosine Leucine Bilirubin Ammonium Biurate

Question 46

Can indicate ethylene glycol toxicity

Answer 46

Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Hippuric Acid

Question 47

Congenital inability to metabolize certain amino acids

Answer 47

Cystine

Question 48

T/F | Fatty acid casts may be seen in DM or with fatty diets

Answer 48

True

Question 49

T/F | A hyaline cast contains only the Tamm-Horsfall protein

Answer 49

True

Question 50

T/F | 3-4 granular casts/lpf is normal in urine

Answer 50

False

Question 51

T/F | <5 WBC/hpf is normal to see in urine

Answer 51

True

Question 52

T/F | Bacteria with WBC may indicate contamination

Answer 52

False

Question 53

T/F | Epithelial casts contain squamous epithelial cells

Answer 53

False

Question 54

T/F | Patients with DM will have glucosuira, PU/PD, and an increased USG

Answer 54

True

Question 55

T/F | Creatinine is excreted at a constant rate regardless of external factors

Answer 55

True

Question 56

T/F | BUN is slower to increase than creatinine

Answer 56

False