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A&P Lecture > Test #3 > Flashcards

Test #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the smallest blood vessels in your body?

A

Capillaries

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2
Q

Which direction do arteries carry blood?

A

The always carry blood away from the heart

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3
Q

Do arteries always carry oxygenated blood or deoxygenated blood or both?

A

Some carry oxygenated blood and others carry deoxygenated blood

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4
Q

What best describes a prolapsed valve?

A

Valve protruding abnormally from ventricle back in atrium

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5
Q

Which chamber receives blood from the lungs?

A

Left atrium

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6
Q

Which chamber of the heart sends blood to the body?

A

Left ventricle

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7
Q

Which has thicker muscles, atria or ventricles?

A

Ventricles

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8
Q

Which way does blood normally flow in the heart?

A

From atria into ventricles

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9
Q

What is a heart murmur?

A

Irregular heart sound

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10
Q

What is a portal vein?

A

A vein running between 2 capillary beds

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11
Q

Which chamber of the heart has the pacemaker?

A

Right atrium

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12
Q

What is considered a pacemaker?

A

Sinoatrial node

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13
Q

What makes the muscle fibers in the pacemaker depolarize?

A

Nothing, they do it on their own

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14
Q

Is diastole when the heart is contracted or relaxed?

A

Contracted

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15
Q

What term describes the opposite condition to diastole?

A

Systole

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16
Q

What is ascites?

A

Fluid in abdomen from poor heart function

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17
Q

Would you expect to find oxygenated or deoxygenated blood in the left side of the heart?

A

Oxygenated

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18
Q

What is formed from thrombocytes?

A

Platelets

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19
Q

What is a leukocyte?

A

White blood cell

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20
Q

What is an erythrocyte?

A

Red blood cell

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21
Q

What best describes fibrillation?

A

When a heart muscle contracts out of sequence, instead of having a coordinated beat.

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22
Q

Contact with what makes platelets sticky?

A

Collagen

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23
Q

What is fibrin for?

A

Clots

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24
Q

What is a common cause of anemia?

A

Lack of iron

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25
Q

Blood plasma is mostly made of what?

A

Water

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26
Q

What is not part of the skeletal muscle pump?

A

The heart

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27
Q

Is bradycardia when the heart beats too fast or too slow?

A

Too slow

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28
Q

What term best describes the opposite condition of bradycardia

A

Tachycardia

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29
Q

What is another term for hypertension?

A

High blood pressure

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30
Q

Does blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP) push fluid out or pull fluid into blood vessels?

A

Push fluid out

31
Q

Does blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) push fluid out of the blood or pull fluid back into the blood?

A

Pull fluid into the blood vessels

32
Q

Does BCOP cause filtration or reabsorption?

A

Reabsorption

33
Q

If you increased BCOP and kept everything else the same, would you expect an edema?

A

No

34
Q

If you got rid of the large proteins in blood, but kept everything else the same, would you expect an edema?

A

Yes

35
Q

If you got rid of the large proteins in blood, what would change?

A

BCOP

36
Q

Does high blood pressure increase or decrease stroke volume?

A

Decrease

37
Q

What do + inotropic agents make the heart do?

A

Best harder

38
Q

Is Ca2+ a positive or negative inotropic agent?

A

Positive

39
Q

What organ is malfunctioning if you have jaundice?

A

Liver

40
Q

The yellow color in jaundice is cause by the buildup of what?

A

Bilirubin

41
Q

What is a thrombus?

A

Any unwanted clot

42
Q

What is an embolus?

A

A floating piece of clot

43
Q

What does creating store?

A

Phosphate

44
Q

What does myoglobin?

A

Oxygen

45
Q

Is myoglobin associated with dark meat or white meat?

A

Dark meat

46
Q

Would you expect slow twitch fibers to have lots of myoglobin?

A

Yes

47
Q

Would you expect fast glycolysis fibers to have lots of myoglobin?

A

No

48
Q

What is the origin of a muscle?

A

Attachment site on bone that muscle doesn’t move

49
Q

What is a neurotransmitter that affects muscles?

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

50
Q

What is the enzyme that destroyed acetylcholine?

A

Acetylcholine esterase

51
Q

What allows myosin and actin to detach from each other?

A

ATP

52
Q

What supplies energy during muscle contraction?

A

ATP

53
Q

Myosin, actin, and troponin belong to what class of macromolecules?

A

Proteins

54
Q

Which of these is referred to as the thin filaments to of a muscle?

A

Actin

55
Q

What wraps around the thin filaments

A

Troponin

56
Q

What covers over myosin binding sites in a relaxed muscle?

A

Troponin

57
Q

What does Ca2+ attach to during a muscle contraction?

A

Troponin

58
Q

If a muscle ran out of Ca2+, would it be unable to contract or relax?

A

Contract

59
Q

If a muscle lack acetylcholine esterase, would it be unable to contract or relax?

A

Relax

60
Q

What is a sphincter muscle?

A

A ring-like muscle that controls an opening to an organ

61
Q

What is the smallest contracting unit of a muscle?

A

Sarcomere

62
Q

What stores Ca2+

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

63
Q

What is one of the structures that help carry vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear?

A

Incus

64
Q

What stricter generates the nerve signal that tells you that your head is spinning

A

Semicircular canals

65
Q

What structure generates the signal that tells you that your head is hanging down?

A

Utricle and saccule

66
Q

How does bending of hairs on hair cells helps you create the sensation of hearing?

A

Opens KC channels

67
Q

What is one of the structures that had hair cells in the ear?

A

Cochlea

68
Q

What makes hair cells bend to crest hearing?

A

Vibrations

69
Q

What is binocular vision?

A

Seeing an object with both eyes at the same time

70
Q

What is referred pain?

A

Pain in one part of the body that is signaling injury or problems in another part of the body

71
Q

What is phantom pain?

A

Pain in a phantom limb

72
Q

What creates the taste of bitter?

A

Poisons

73
Q

What creates the taste of sour?

A

H+

74
Q

What creates the taste of salt?

A

Na+

A&P Lecture (9 decks)

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