Test 3 - Chapter 10 Flashcards
(38 cards)
A primary sex characteristic in females; a girl’s first menstrual period, which signals the ability to reproduce sexually.
menarche
The female gonads (sex glands); they release the sex hormones and produce the cells that females use for sexual reproduction, called eggs.
ovaries
A primary sex characteristic in males; a boy’s beginning to produce mature sperm, which signals the ability to reproduce sexually.
spermarche
The male gonads (sex glands); they release the sex hormones and produce the cells that males use for sexual reproduction, called sperm.
testes
A class of hormones, including estradiol, that are more prevalent in females; they are associated with the development of the secondary and primary sex characteristics and with sexual behavior.
estrogens
A class of hormones, including testosterone, that are more prevalent in males; they are associated with the development of the secondary and primary sex characteristics and with sexual behavior.
androgens
Biological sex is determined by …
all of the above
Secondary sex characteristics
Men - facial hair, more angular jaw, deepening voice, body hair, increased muscle mass, pubic hair
Women - fat on breasts, body hair, greater definition of waist, fat on the hips, pubic hair
What does it mean when someone gave birth to an infant without a SRY gene?
they’re having a girl
________, the physical aspects of being male or female, is different from _______, the social differences between being male or female.
- Biological Sex
2. Gender
Dr. Jackson has just delivered a newborn infant with androgen insensitivity syndrome. The baby is genetically male but has ambiguous genitals that much more closely resemble a vagina than a penis. Based on recent research, what is the most appropriate course of action that Dr. Jackson should recommend to the infant’s parents?
do NOT alter baby genitals (androgen insensitivity)
You can tell always tell a person’s biological sex by looking at their genitals. (myth or fact)
Myth
The differences in the brains of males and females have very little impact on how males and females think and act. (myth or fact)
Fact - The brains of males and females are actually more similar than not. And any differences probably do not significantly affect psychological processes. This is called the gender similarities hypothesis.
Pat and Chris have a new baby. They take one look at the genitals and declare, “It’s a boy!” Based on this, the parents have decided
A. that the baby is experiencing intersexuality.
B. on the baby’s biological sex.
C. that the baby has androgen insensitivity syndrome.
D. on the baby’s gender.
B. on the baby’s biological sex.
Marisa is pregnant and wants to learn the sex of her baby. Her friend, who took Introductory Psychology, tells her, “The sex of the baby was determined at conception and depends on the sex chromosomes in the zygote. If they are ______ then the baby will be male. If they are ______ then the baby will be female.”
A. XX; XXY
B. XXY; XX
C. XX; XY
D. XY; XX
D. XY; XX
Research shows that when people with higher levels of testosterone view angry and fearful faces, there is more activation in the ________ and less activation in the _______.
- amygdala
2. prefrontal cortex
The idea that males and females are similar in most psychological processes is _______________.
gender similarity hypothesis
Research suggests that one of the reasons why males tend to be more physically aggressive than females is that males tend to have more _______, which binds with many receptors in the and increases the tendency for aggressive responses.
testosterone
When people do not clearly fall into the binary of being biologically male or biologically female, they are experiencing ______.
intersexuality
__________ is when development doesn’t follow the normal course. It could include things like learning and social disabilities and disorders.
atypical development
two female sex chromosomes and one male sex chromosome (XXY)
Klinefelter syndrome
two female sex chromosomes and one male sex chromosome (XXY)
Klinefelter syndrome
________ is when a person who is genetically male (who has one X and one Y chromosome) is resistant to male hormones (called androgens). As a result, the person has some or all of the physical traits of a woman, but the genetic makeup of a man.
androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)
At a college in the United States a female runner was found to have XY sex chromosomes, lack ovaries and a uterus, and have internal testes that produce high levels of testosterone. This runner may be described as experiencing intersexuality because she ________.
isn’t fully male or female
