Test #3 (Lecture 10) Flashcards
(30 cards)
increasing ____ was common in 19th Century harmonic practice?
chromaticism
In the 18th Century, we saw the erosion of ___ between ____ and ____ that was common of formal functions
erosion of polarity between tonic and dominant
describe some of the unique parts of Beethoven’s String Quartet in Bb major, op 130
- reflected increasing trend towards increased technical difficulty
- opening a new experience for listeners –> unexpected starts and stops, what appears to be slow intro turns out to be integral part of sonata-form exposition
- modulates to bVI in expo
- challenges notion of classical symmetry and form
- study in contrasts
- 6 movements
define pointillism
- painting technique developed in late 19th C
- recognizable images are created from a pattern of tiny dots
define cavatina
- Italian opera: designated any introductory aria sung by a main character
- in Germany: reserved largely for simple arias of an introspective quality; free of virtuosic display
what is “in medias res”
“as if in midst of ongoing action”
**Beethoven SQ in Bb+, op 130, 5th mvt
beklemmt, anthropomorphism:
- “as if caught in a vise”
- sobbing, choking
- suffering violinist
which work was called Beethoven’s equivalent to Bach’s “The Art of Fugue?”
Grosse Fugue, op. 133
*the original 6th mvt of his SQ in Bb+, op.130
what were the three factors that supported emergence and rapid rise in the importance of artsong?
- rise of German poetry
- growth in piano’s popularity
- idealization of domesticity and family
describe the concept of the rise in German poetry
- before 1750 German language considered neither literary nor cultured
- works produced by playwrights, poets and philosophers changed attitudes regarding German language –> Lessing, Klopstock, Goethe, Schiller
- nationalistic pride
describe the concept of the growth in piano’s popularity
- technological advances and changes in piano manufacturing in early 19thC
- increasingly affordable prices
- favourite instrument in middle-class homes
- already versatile, powerful, wide-span, capable of dynamics
describe the concept of idealization of domesticity and family
- period between 1815 (Congress of Vienna) and 1848 (European Revolutions) relatively stable politically speaking
- family becomes focus of society
- “small” genres such as character pieces and lieders mirrored themes in family life
what are the three forms of artsong?
- strophic
- modified strophic
- through-composed
define artsong
- genre performed by 2 musicians
- played in small, private space
- amplifies harmony, dynamics, register
describe the important role of the piano in Schubert’s Erlkonig
- sets scene with pounding octaves (horse hooves)
- rising and falling 5th (wind)
Schubert helped to establish the ___ ____
song cycle
what is a song cycle?
collection of songs arranged to convey the outline of a story or idea
what was the instrumental counterpart to song?
character piece (for piano)
define character piece
- for piano
- “small” = brief
- in sectional form: AAB, ABB, ABA
- seeks to explore mood/character of particular person, idea, situation, emotion
programmatic vs. absolute music
programmatic: extra- musical associations
absolute: no extra-musical associations
define ballade
- literary term implies presence of narrative (storyline moves from point A to point B)
- each theme has an Affect
- ambiguous form (parts of sonata form but not in sonata form)
define piano cycle
set of character pieces that are connected conceptually, thematically or tonally
-short, highly contrasting movements
what was Carnival?
- brief season of revelry preceding Lent
- masked fun
- social hierarchies turned upside down
what is the term for coding names in notes/music?
soggetto cavato
