Test 4 Flashcards
(121 cards)
1
Q
What are the three ways an Arrest Warrant may be obtained?
A
A) Complaint
- LEO authority, facts of the crime, signature
- Approved by magistrate judge (or state/local if none available)
B) Information
- Similar to a complaint, only that the AUSA prepares it
C) Indictment
- Jury determines if there is P.C.
2
Q
What are the elements contained in a written Arrest Warrant?
A
- Name of the defendant
- The offense
- The command to arrest him/her
- Who can execute it
- The territorial limits
- Time limits
- Judge’s signature
3
Q
How must an Arrest Warrant be executed, and what must happen afterward?
A
The officer must show the warrant to the defendant. OR, if they don’t have it, the officer must inform the defendant that it exists; and then show it to them ASAP.
After the warrant is carried out, it must be returned to the judge.
4
Q
When is an Arrest Warrant REQUIRED for either a misdemeanor or felony offense? What are the exceptions?
A
When the suspect is located inside a private residence or home.
The exceptions are: Consent and Exigent Circumstances
5
Q
When can an officer arrest a person who committed a felony WITHOUT the use of a warrant?
A
As along as A) Probable Cause has been established, and B) the suspect is in a public place
6
Q
When can an officer arrest a person who committed a misdemeanor WITHOUT the use of a warrant?
A
A) The individual has committed the offense within the officer’s presence, and B) the suspect is in a public place.
7
Q
Under 18 USC Section 3109 “Knock and Announce” What does force, or “breaking” include?
A
- Breaking down a door
- Opening a chain lock
- Opening a locked door
- Opening a closed (but unlocked) door
8
Q
Under 18 USC Section 3109 “Knock and Announce” What does the gov’t require officers to do before using force, or “breaking?”
A
A) Knock - physical knock on door - making a phone call to the resident - utilizing a loudspeaker or bullhorn B) Announce AUTHORITY & PURPOSE - Say "Police, Warrant, Open the door" C) Officers must be REFUSED or DENIED - Silence for a reasonable amount of time - Sounds of people running away - Seeing/hearing evidence being destroyed - Verbal (and blatant) refusal - Gunfire
9
Q
Under 18 USC Section 3109 “Knock and Announce” What are some EXIGENT CIRUMSTANCES where officers may ignore the requirements and enter the residence?
A
- K&Aing may create a danger to officers or others
- K&Aing could result in the destruction of evidence
- K&Aing could be considered a “useless gesture,” meaning the suspects are already aware of police presence
- Hot Pursuit of a fleeing suspect
- When using a Ruse/Decoy fails
10
Q
Who may request a Search Warrant?
A
A) LEOs
B) Gov’t attorneys
11
Q
Who generally may issue a Search Warrant?
A
Magistrate Judges:
- authority within the district
- authority over someone outside the district if they are temporarily inside but might move
- with authority in a district with Terrorism
- install tracking devices
- US District Court
- US Circuit Court
- US Supreme Court
- State Court if they are a “court of record”
12
Q
What does it mean for a judge to be “Neutral and Detached?”
A
The judge issuing the search warrant should have no personal stake (or gain) in the outcome of the investigation.
13
Q
When issuing Search Warrants, where does a FEDERAL judge have Jurisdiction?
A
- Within his/her own district
- Stored Wire or Electronic Communications
14
Q
When issuing Search Warrants, where does a MAGISTRATE judge have Jurisdiction?
A
- Outside his/her own district when the person or property for the warrant issued might be moved before it can be executed
- Terrorism Investigations
- Tracking Devices
15
Q
When writing an Affidavit for a Search Warrant, what does “Establishing the Nexus” mean? What are some of the factors to determine if the “Nexus” requirement has been satisfied?
A
- Providing the connection between the evidence being sought and the location being search through the use of FACTS.
- Direct Observations, Nature of the Items sought, Opportunity for concealment, Inferences as to where the evidence might be hidden
16
Q
What are the rules for WRITING an Affidavit for a Search Warrant? With an exception of the Nexus, what are the elements to include? Describe each:
A
A) Information cannot be “Stale.” There must be PC that the evidence sought is CURRENTLY at the location to be searched (or will be when the warrant is executed, such as within an Anticipatory Warrant where a “triggering” event might be entailed).
- Courts will look at: Age of info, whether activity is on-going, type of evidence sought, nature of the location itself
B) Place, People and Vehicles to be Searched (be VERY descriptive and accurate of every item)
C) Persons or Things to be Seized (be descriptive depending on who/what you are looking for)
17
Q
What is the purpose of a Telephonic Search Warrant?
A
It encourages LEOs to seek search warrants when they might be enticed otherwise to conduct a warrantless search.
18
Q
The 4th amendment requires Affidavits to be truthful. When might evidence still be okay if the Affidavit contains either False or Misleading Statements?
A
- If the statements were made in GOOD FAITH
- If PC still exists in the remaining content
19
Q
In what conditions should officers look to obtain a Telephonic Search Warrant?
A
When exigent circumstances are looming or pending, and there is not enough time to use traditional processes.
20
Q
Who can issue a Telephonic Search Warrant?
A
Federal judges ONLY. State & local cannot!
21
Q
What are the procedures to obtain and execute a Telephonic Search Warrant?
A
A) Officer prepares a “Proposed Duplicate Original Warrant”
B) Officer reads it Verbatim over the phone to the judge
C) Judge will enter the contents into an original warrant, sign it, enter the exact time, then direct officer to sign judge’s name on the duplicate.
D) Officer enters in exact date & time
E) Judge places Officer under oath and have the conversation recorded
22
Q
Who may execute a Search Warrant?
A
- FLEO’s
- State & local PD can assist FLEO’s under FLEO direction
- Private Citizens can assist as long as they are only aiding gov’t AND gov’t is in need of their assistance AND only doing things the gov’t is allowed to do.
23
Q
When may a Search Warrant be executed?
A
Unless the judge expresses good cause otherwise, they must be executed during the daytime of hours of 6:00 AM and 10:00 PM.
24
Q
How long may officers remain on the premises after entry when executing a Search Warrant?
A
As long as reasonably necessary to complete the search
25
What period of time does a Search Warrant need to be served if not specified? How long does an officer have if authorized to install a tracking device?
- No more than 14 days (can be shortened by the judge)
| - No more than 10 calendar days
26
What are the three (3) requirements for a lawful arrest?
A) Probable Cause
B) Authority
C) Lawful right of access to the suspect
27
What are the three sources of authority to make an arrest?
A) Statutory - FLEO's
B) Peace Officer Status - Violations of state law
C) Citizen's Arrest - PC of a felony, only permitted in certain states
28
What are the three (3) ways to enter a home to make a lawful arrest?
- Arrest Warrant
- Consent
- Exigent Circumstances
29
When can officers FRISK a person during the execution of a Search Warrant?
Only when they reasonably believe the person(s) is presently armed and dangerous.
30
When can officers SEARCH a person during the execution of a Search Warrant?
Only when they are listed in the warrant itself (or exigent circumstances)
31
When can officers SEARCH a vehicle during the execution of a Search Warrant? What if a vehicle drives off?
Only when the vehicle is parked on the curtilage of the home (delivery vehicles and visitors don't count)
- Officers are allowed to wait for suspects to leave and drive out of view for safety, but must still remain in the IMMEDIATE VICINITY to be pulled over and legally searched (1 mile = too far)
32
When are officers restricted when searching VISITOR containers in a home during the execution of a Search Warrant?
You are restricted when visitors have only been there for a very short time. Overnight visitors/friends taking residency = OKAY, search them!
Dinner guests/repairman = NO! Same goes for vehicles.
33
When is a Protective Sweep generally performed?
On a premises during the execution of an Arrest Warrant
34
What are officers looking for during a Protective Sweep?
PEOPLE! And weapons that can be harmful in the immediate area.
35
How long can a Protective Sweep last?
No time limit, but must be reasonable. Thirty (30) minutes is excessive.
36
What are the two (2) types of Protective Sweeps?
A) Automatic - Immediate area where the suspect was arrested, and ADJOINING rooms/areas where someone else may be hiding
B) Extended - if articulable that other suspects/individuals are in the area that pose a threat
37
Where can officers search during a Protective Sweep? What are the limitations?
Only where a person may be hiding. Cannot look in small places (medicine cabinets, desk drawers, etc.)
38
What is required to search a vehicle without a warrant? What is this ruling called?
The Carroll Doctrine (Mobile Conveyance Exception)
- Requires PC (enough facts to establish a warrant if it were needed)
- Requires the vehicle to be "readily mobile" at the time the officers encounter it, with very little effort to get it rolling.
- No exigency required
39
What are the two (2) options as to the timing when an officer may search a vehicle without a warrant?
- Immediately, OR
| - VERY SHORTLY later at another location, two (2) weeks is too long. Get a warrant!
40
What are the areas of a vehicle may an officer search when conducting a search without a warrant?
Only areas to which they have PC to believe they will find the particular evidence. It all depends on the item itself. Ex: You can't go looking for a shotgun in the glove box, but you can look for a baggie of drugs in the trunk.
- Passenger belongings count too. Search'em!
41
What are the three (3) requirements for the Plain View Doctrine to take effect?
A) Officer must lawfully be there in a position to observe the item (warrant, consent, or exigency)
B) The incriminating nature of the item in question must be obvious (PC that it is in fact evidence)
C) Officer must have lawful access to the item
42
Describe what it means for an officer to have "Lawful Rights of Access?" Give an example
Officer may not retrieve the item unless they either have consent, a warrant, or exigency. ex: standing on a sidewalk and seeing a MJ plant through a house window. can't go and get it unless you have a warrant/consent, or dude starts destroying the plant.
43
Exigent Circumstances - What are the requirements for a "Hot Pursuit?"
A) PC
B) It must be a SERIOUS CRIME
C) The pursuit itself must be Immediate or Continuous
D) When the suspect enters an area of REP, such as a home (of any kind) to escape arrest
E) PC that the suspect is in the home, thru informants or personal observation
44
Exigent Circumstances - What are the requirements for "Destruction or Removal of Evidence?"
1) PC that a third party is inside the dwelling (if preventing destruction), and
2) PC that the evidence is currently being destroyed, or the destruction of it is imminent. (pouring drugs down a drain, taking blood from a suspect to determine the BAC of a DUI suspect)
45
Exigent Circumstances - What are the two (2) requirements of an area to be an Emergency Scene? What about crime scenes and murders?
A) PC to believe that an emergency is at hand, and officer assistance is needed
B) PC to associate the emergency with the area/place to be searched.
- Ex: potential serious harm or loss of life, alarms, fires/explosions, blood trails leading to a house, meth labs
- Murder & crime scenes don't count. Once the emergency itself is over, you must obtain a warrant.
46
What are the three (3) requirements to perform a SIA?
A) A lawful arrest
B) The search must be immediately done (contemporaneous). Thirty (30) minutes is too long.
C) Area to be searched must be currently accessible by the suspect
47
What can an officer look for within an SIA? Where can they look for it?
A) Weapons, contraband, means of escape
| B) A full search of the person head-to-toe, and person's immediate control
48
What happens if you move a suspect/arrestee from the "Immediate Area" of the SIA?
You will lose the right to conduct a search of that area. You must keep the suspect where you arrested them.
49
How does the SIA apply to vehicles? What are the rules of containers?
Rules are the same when it comes to the "immediate control" of a person within frontseat, backseat, closed (and locked) compartments. Look for weapons and evidence. Two (2) rules: Arrestee must be close to the vehicle and can readily access the areas, or PC that vehicle contains evidence of the crime at hand. Trunk does NOT count. When > 1 officer exists, or when suspect is secured in back of car, search is NOT allowed. You cannot detain a subject next to car just to be able to search.
50
What are the two (2) requirements for a consent search to be valid?
A) It must be voluntarily given
| B) Must be given by someone who has authority over the place to be searched
51
What types of factors do courts look at to determine the "voluntariness" of a person's consent to search?
Totality of the Circumstances = Age, education, intelligence, knowledge of their rights, location, drugs/alcohol, whether police made promises or deception
52
What is "actual" authority, in comparison to "apparent" authority?
```
Actual = comes from the particular person whose property is going to be searched
Apparent = when an officer reasonably believes (but is mistaken) that the person giving consent has authority, when they really don't. It's all good, its still valid!
```
53
Describe the scope (or limitations) of a consent search? What if consent is mixed between two or more people?
Individuals may limit the scope of ANY search, nearly however they may like. "You may search here, but not there." Consent can be restricted, conditional and/or revoked. In case of common authority between several individuals, consent is considered ALL or NONE, meaning, if any one person refuses the consent, the consent is no longer valid.
54
Describe Third Party Husband-Wife situations when it comes to consent searches:
Either spouse may give consent to search all of the couple's property. However, if any one spouse refuses to give consent, it will not be valid (ALL or NONE)
55
Describe Third Party Parent-Child situations with consent searches:
Can children themselves give consent?
- If the child is less than 18, the parents can almost always give consent.
- If the child is an adult, the more steps the child has taken to show REP, the more likely the parents will NOT be able to give consent to search (does the kid pay rent? and/or have locks on the door? forget it, get a warrant)
- Children giving consent, usually "okay," but seek guidance from a legal advisor first
56
Describe Third Party Roommate situations with consent searches:
Roommates can only give consent to search common areas of the residence, but not exclusive areas (such as a bedroom)
57
What are the three (3) reasons we allow officers to conduct Inventory on impounded vehicles?
A) LE must protect the property while in custody
B) The inventory protects LE against claims of damaged, lost, stolen property
C) Protects LE from any potential dangers the property might possess
58
What are the two (2) requirements for conducting an Inventory on an impounded vehicle?
A) Impoundment must be lawful
| B) Agencies must have a standardized policy in which all the officers follow
59
Describe the scope of Inventory searches of impounded vehicles?
Officers may only look in GENERAL areas where valuables might be kept (glove boxes, compartments, containers, trunk, engine compartment are "Okay." But, don't go tearing into heater ducts, gas tanks, spare tires or door panels
60
How does an officer complete an inventory following the execution of a search warrant (of a house)?
A) Must be prepared and verified by an officer who was present at the execution of the warrant
B) Must do so in the presence of another officer or another credible person who was also present at the execution of the warrant.
61
What are the requirements for inspections (Administrative Searches) to be lawfully carried out?
When they are conducted as part of a general regulatory scheme (and not as a way to secure the evidence of a crime, or to be used as a way to avoid the Fourth Amendment)
62
What are some common examples of a valid inspection (Administrative Search)?
A) Sobriety/DUI checkpoints
B) Driver's License/Registration checkpoints
C) Information-Gathering (to see if any passer-bys have further information regarding a MVA that occurred previously)
D) Business Inspections
E) Security checkpoints (Gov't Facilities & Airports)
63
What is the definition of surveillance?
The continuous observation of persons, places, and things in order to obtain information about the identity and activity of individuals suspected of violating the law.
64
List some qualities of a GOOD surveillant?
Tangible - Physical Assets (Good vision, hearing)
Intangible - Patience, Perceptin, Perseverence, Attitude, Alertness, Adaptability, Good Judgment, Memory & Demeanor
Other - Ability to Act Naturally, Maintain an Ordinary Appearance, Knowledge of the Area
65
What types of people conduct surveillance? What are the rules?
Everybody conducts surveillance! Good guys & bad guys alike. There are no rules or special authority required.
66
What are some objectives when conducting surveillance?
Establishing the Existence of a Crime/Probable Cause, Apprehend Violators, Identify their Associates, Check Informant Reliability, Provide Protection for UC, Locate Persons Places or Things, Prevent Crime, Gather Intel
67
What are the steps & procedures for planning a surveillance?
1) Gather Intel - photographs/description of the suspects and their friends, vehicle info & plates
2) Recon of the Neighborhood - visit the area
3) Op Planning - Select your team, vehicles, equipment needed, money, positions of observation
4) Briefing of the Team - communications discussed, radios checked
68
What are some basic techniques for conducting stationary or "stake-out" surveillance?
- Establish an Observation Post
- Set up a Ruse or an Impromptu Observation Post
- In rural environments, utilize Camouflage and face paint, don't wear reflective items, avoid booby traps and stepping on dead leaves/twigs, avoid wearing items with distinctive odor
- Use equipment such as binos, radios, infra-red, NVGs, x-ray, black lights, cameras
69
How is a ONE-PERSON foot surveillance conducted?
It should be avoided as it lacks flexibility and surveillant must stay close (same side of street in view at all times)
70
How is a TWO-PERSON foot surveillance conducted?
Adds some flexibility. Both agents on same side of street behind suspect.
71
How is a THREE-PERSON foot surveillance conducted?
Often called the "ABC" method, and is the most preferred as well. A & B walk same side behind suspect, C is across the street slightly behind suspect. If not many people, B walks across street behind C. If crowded, everyone walks same side of street behind suspect. For turns, A crosses intersection while B & C continue on behind suspect.
72
```
What are some surveillance problems and how should you react to them?
Subject enters a very large building--
" enters an elevator--
" public transportation--
" enters a large public place (racetrack)--
" enters a restaurant--
" meets a contact--
Agent loses the subject--
Agents get "burnt"--
Decoys and traps--
```
Elevators- only if crowded, get on and choose a floor either above or below subject's.
Public Transportation- get on bus with subject & sit behind, if a taxi get the name & number of the cab, if an airplane or train contact supervisor to determine whether surveillance will continue
Public Places- all surveillants will buy a ticket and enter following the subject closely
Restaurants- one or two surveillants enter shortly after and be seated somewhere behind subject
Meets a Contact- obtain a description or photograph, be aware of any transfer of items, envelopes etc.
Lost subject- notify the team and attempt to relocate
"Burnt"- discontinue and resume at a later date
Decoys/Traps- thorough knowledge of the subject and the area
73
What are some practical uses for wearing electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)? What part of the US Constitution regulates the installation & monitoring of ESE?
Gathering evidence: of crimes/violations of federal law
Safety of UC's and informants
- The 4th Amendment
74
What are some common obstacles to the successful operation of electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)?
NOISE- can be an issue for audio monitoring (traffic, construction sites, music)
Reception Failure can be an issue for transmitters (POWER LINES, BUILDINGS, and even geographical such as mountains, valleys, etc)
75
What are some circumstances that affect the authorization for usage of electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)?
```
CONSENSUAL:
- Authorized by officer's Agency, reviewed by the AUSA.
- Good for 30-60 days.
NO CONSENT:
- Required approval by DOJ
```
76
Identify the proper ways of handling MONITORED RECORDINGS of electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)? For how long?
Originals need to be clearly marked and labeled, DL'ed to a CD-R and placed into evidence. Duplicate Originals made. Tapes should be protected by breaking open tabs. Avoid extreme temp. & humidity, sunlight.
- Agency determines how long to keep it, perhaps up to 20 years
77
Identify the proper ways of handling the CONTENT OF REPORTS of use regarding electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)?
Completed within 30 days of the monitoring to include termination report (dates, violations, persons recorded, phone numbers, locations, interceptions) and narratives
78
Describe what the three (3) types of Electronic Tracking Devices are:
What are three (3) examples of ESE commonly used?
What is the time limit to use them upon issuance of a SW?
Beeper - radio transmitter used to track persons, vehicles or packages. Emits a radio frequency with a periodic signal (beep) to a receiver
Transponder - used to track airplanes
GPS - the most commonly used, satellite-based nav system. Receives signals from 3+ satellites, giving location displayed as latitude and longitude.
Examples: Body Recorder, RF transmitter & receiver, Patriot Receiver Unit
- Time must not exceed 45 days + 10 days for install.
79
What is Memory Tracking, in reference to electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)?
It is a device that records all the data received from the GPS satellites at programmed intervals. Records locations, date/times, directions, speeds, altitudes. Such as WILKES
80
What is LiveTracking, in reference to electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)?
It is a device that displays all the data received from a cellular device at programmed intervals. Very similar to Memory Tracking, but in REAL TIME. Displays locations, date/times, directions, speeds, altitudes. Can allow you to have remote control over vehicles too (such as a cut-off switch). Cellular coverage can be an issue, though.
81
What is "Video-Only" Surveillance?
Simple camera & monitoring Systems, also known as Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) systems. Seen in banks, gas stations, even LE agencies. Many have cellular, DSL, satellite or WI-FI capabilities nowadays.
82
What are the only two areas of the human body is Friction Ridge Skin found?
The "Palmar" surface of the hand
| The "Plantar" surface of the foot
83
What is the most common scientific method of human identification? What are the two (2) factors as to why?
The fingerprint, because they are...
A) Individual - no two people have the same fingerprints
B) Permanent - the details form prior to birth and remain the same throughout life and death
84
What areas of the finger ridge details are analyzed or "rolled" for fingerprints?
Nail edge to nail edge, and from the fingertip to the crease of the first lower joint
85
What is the name of the database for maintaining fingerprints? What are the four (4) types of entries? Who maintains the largest in the country?
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)
Known (arrestees via the FBI's FD-249)
Known (arrestees via digital live-scan devices)
Unknown (latent prints from crime scenes)
Unknown (from deceased individuals)
FBI maintains the largest with 63 million records (IAFIS)
86
How many fingerprint cards are collected for one (1) individual?
Five (5)
87
At what angle should fingertips be turned into the center of the card to allow for all fingers to fit at one time?
45 degrees
88
What is the standard fingerprint card used for criminal identification and booking? What color is the lettering?
The FBI FD-249 Criminal (ten print) Fingerprint Card
| Red lettering
89
For Major Case Prints, what card is typically used for finger and palm prints? How many impressions are taken?
FD-884a Stantard Supplemental Finger and Palm Print Card
| Five (5)
90
What form is used for DNA Database Entry (Buccal Collection Kit)? How many fingerprints are needed?
FD-936
| Two (2) fingers, one of each index
91
How long should fingerprints be allowed to dry?
Five (5) minutes
92
When swabbing a person's cheek for DNA, how long should you swab with the foam applicator?
Fifteen (15) seconds
93
After swabbing a person's cheek for DNA with the foam applicator, how long should you leave the applicator in contact with the FTA card?
Ten (10) seconds
94
After completing the FD-936 DNA - Buccal Collection Kit, how soon should it be mailed to the FBI Laboratory?
Within twenty-four (24) hours.
95
What is the definition of the "reactionary gap?"
It is the distance and cover between the officer and suspect
96
Officer survival rests on what three (3) foundational pillars? Describe each:
A) Physical Conditioning - be in good physical condition. Stress will have negative effects on visuals, audio, and memory
B) Mental Conditioning - be aware of potential dangers, guard against overconfidence or prejudices. Leave personal issues at home. Have the warrior mindset, and play the "what if" game.
C) Tactical Thinking - "think suspects into handcuffs"
97
What should you communicate to a Dispatcher upon making a vehicle stop?
- Who you are
- Where you are
- What you have
* Your EXACT LOCATION is the utmost important information to provide the dispatcher
98
What are the two (2) primary dangers to officers upon vehicle stops?
- Vehicular Traffic
| - Assaults by suspects
99
What are the three most likely times/locations for officer injury during a traffic stop?
- Initial stop when LEO gets out of vehicle
- Approaching the suspect vehicle
- Arresting/handcuffing the suspect
100
What is the most preferred style of approach for a traffic stop?
Passenger-side
101
What is the most preferable amount of officers to have during a High Risk Vehicle Stop (HRVS)?
Four (4) officers is optimal, two (2) is minimal, but never just one (1)..bottom line is = have more officers than suspects
102
What types of products are made from clandestine labs?
Meth, Amphetamine, LSD, MDMA, PCP
103
What regions are common for clandestine labs to be found? Where geographically has the DEA found most of these labs to be located?
Mostly remote and rural agricultural regions that contain cabins and farms. However, some labs have been found in urban and suburban neighborhoods too.
- Mexico and California
104
What are the symptoms of Meth use?
Increased heart rate, alertness, stimulation of CNS, paranoia, extremely addicting, effects are long-lasting, "crashing" is more intense than cocaine
105
What is the most dangerous stage of meth use for abusers and medical/LEO's?
"Tweaking," when someone has not slept in 3-15 days and is irritable and paranoid. Behave/react violently. Person's eyes move very fast, voice will have a quiver, movements are quick and jerky (like drinking 100 pots of coffee, completely wired)
106
What are the common effects of meth and meth labs on children?
Meth - Often neglected living in dangerous, unsanitary conditions. More accessible to sexual assault, exposure to porn, used syringes (Hep C/HIV), weapons
Meth Labs - Ingestion of the raw drug/residue, Inhalation of smoke in a home, Skin sbsorption of hazardous chemicals
107
What are the four (4) Team Assignments when conducting electronic surveillance?
Undercover Team (UC)
Cover Team
Surveillance Team
Monitoring Team
108
Where are the best areas to operate electronic surveillance equipment (ESE)?
Quiet, open areas
| If in a room, with soft cusion
109
What are the three (3) most commonly used clandestine (Meth) labs? What is the difference between them?
Pseudoephedrine is always the precursor, however:
P2P Method - used by bikers in the '60s, not used anymore
Red Phosphorous - red phosphorous is used for reaction
"Nazi" or Birch - Lithium is used for reaction
Bottle Cook - Can be either or, cooked in the sunlight with a bottle
110
What are some common hazards associated with clandestine labs?
People/Cooks - often armed, paranoid, irritable & violent
Location - often confined spaces, flammable, explosive, corrosive, and toxic environments
Hazardous Materials - phosphine gas, red phosporous, ammonia
Booby Traps
111
What are some steps to take when a clandestine lab is discovered?
Secure the scene and call for help (Clan Lab/SWAT/Drug Unit or Entry Team, Fire Rescue)
Don't touch/smell anything
Observe from a distance
112
What are the prerequisites for an individual to be armed during flight?
- Be a sworn Federal, State or Local LEO
- Be authorized by their agency
- Be trained by the agency and TSA
- Have a "need" to fly armed
113
What are the six (6) types of duties that substantiate a LEO's "need" to fly while armed?
- Providing a protective escort (WitSec)
- Prisoner escort
- Hazardous Surveillance Operations
- Federal LEO authorized by agency
- State/Local LEO on official travel
- FAMs
- Flight Deck Officers
- Trained pilots by the TSA
114
What are the Pre-Flight "check-in" procedures when flying armed?
- LEO physically checks in at the ticket counter at least one (1) hour prior, or as soon as possible
- LEO will complete a Carry-On Firearms Authorization form, keep a copies and show to gate attendant.
- LEO will inquire about other armed passengers
115
What are the Credential requirements for LEOs flying armed?
Must have:
- Clear, full-face picture
- Employee's signature
- Agency's official seal
- —------------
- An additional photo ID (DL or Military ID) is also required
116
What are the requirements for State & Local LEOs to fly armed?
Write a letter (49 CFR 1544) including:
- Travel dates
- TSA training certification
- Reason why LEO needs to fly armed
- LEO's supervisor signature
117
What are the requirements for a LEO to carry a firearm in checked baggage on a flight?
* ***CANNOT BE LOADED****
- LEO must declare it at the ticket counter
- Firearm must be in a hard-side container (suitcase, pistol case, etc) that is LOCKED, only to be maintained by LEO
- If a "firearms" tag is used, it is placed INSIDE the shipping container
- The checked baggage with the firearm must not be accessible to other passengers or flight crew.
118
What are the proper procedures to take by a LEO when denied permission to fly while armed?
- Notify the Ground Security Coordinator (GSC)
- Inform your agency supervisor
- When you return to your office, submit a memo with details to the TSA
- Notify the Federal Screening Director (FSD) or their TSA designee at the airport if needed
119
What are the proper reactions for a LEO to take in response to a hijacking? What about other disturbances?
- If there is a FAM, do nothing unless requested
- If NO FAM, take action to prevent loss of life or bodily harm to passengers or crew
- Safety of aircraft, crew & passengers is paramount
- If hijackers are still in control AFTER it has landed, and you hear suspicious noises outside the aircraft, do NOT acknowledge or respond
- Remember: person sitting next to you could be a hijacker
- In the event of a rescue, stay down and don't get involved. You could be shot (even friendly fire) otherwise.
- For all other disturbances, do nothing unless asked to do so by the crew (or human life is at risk)
120
What is the scope of an Arrest Warrant? What happens if the suspect runs in a Third-Party's house?
In public, you can arrest them anywhere at anytime. AW's allow you to enter THAT suspect's own home ONLY. If they run into someone else's home, you will need either consent or an exigent circumstance (surround it and get a warrant).
121
What are the three (3) vehicle positions for Risk stops?
In- line: right behind suspect
Offset: behind and to the left of suspect
Angled: right behind, and angled in towards center of road
