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Psych Ch1 > Test 4 Review > Flashcards

Test 4 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Discuss Binet’s contribution to intelligence testing

A

He worked with Theodore Simon and created the Binet Simon scale

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2
Q

What is meant by Mental age

A

a measurement of ones ability at a certain age

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3
Q

Who was responsible for the development of the Stanford Binet intelligence scale

A

Lewis Terman

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4
Q

What role did wechsler play in the development of intelligence scale ?

A
  • specifically designed for adults

- provided scores on 1subtests measuring different abilities

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5
Q

What is meant by IQ

A

A measure of general intelligence derived by comparing an individuals score with the scores of others on the same age group

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6
Q

How is IQ calculated

A

A number derived by dividing the individuals mental age by the chronological age and multiplying the result by 100

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7
Q

Normal curve

A

A bell shaped distribution of individual differences in normal population in which most scores cluster around the average score

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8
Q

Reliability

A

The ability of a test to produce consistent results when administered on repeated occasions under similar conditions

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9
Q

Validity

A

The ability for a test to measure what is intended to be measured

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10
Q

Standardization

A

The administration of a test to a large , representative sample of people under uniform conditions for the purpose of establishing norms

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11
Q

Norms

A

…

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12
Q

Intellectual disability

A

A condition in which individuals generally have an IQ or 70 or below and because of their deficit in mental abilities are unable to function independently

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13
Q

Charles spearman

A

Intelligence can be described as a single factor “general intelligence or G factor

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14
Q

Thurstone

A

Seven primary mental abilities
He believed that intelligence isn’t singular but believed there were 7 independent mental abilities for example verbal comprehension, numerical ability, reasoning, and perceptual speed

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15
Q

Sternberg

A

Triarchcic theory of intelligence

Successful intelligence involves analytical, creative, and practical mental abilities

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16
Q

Gardner

A

-multiple intelligences

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17
Q

Personality

A
  • relatively stable pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving
  • distinguishes one person from another
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18
Q

What are four major urachal perspectives on personality?

A

…

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19
Q

what are the three components of a personality

A

I’d, ego, superego

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20
Q

Free association

A

And analytic technique used to associate words to a situation

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21
Q

Id

A
  • The primitive biological side of the personality
  • pleasure seeking an aggressive instinctual energy
  • operates on the pleasure principle
  • seeks immediate gratification of wishes
  • lacks morality and rationality
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22
Q

Ego

A

The rational side of the personality
-operates on relative principal and has access to the real world postpone, delays gratification in the response to the demand of reality

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23
Q

Super ego

A

Moralistic component

-internalized values, ideals and moral standard

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24
Q

What are the two aspects of the super ego?

A

The conscience, the ego ideal

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25
A conscience
Tells us when we had violated our parents and society rules and execs punishment for violating rules Ex. Anxiety
26
Ego ideal
Represents the super egos positive side and Anes for what is right and I deal - also motivates people towards perfection
27
Is conflict conscious or unconscious?
Unconscious
28
What mediates conflict
The eagle mediates conflicts are using defense mechanisms such as for Re-pression, displacement sublimation, rationalization, projection, reaction formation, denial undoing and progression
29
What are the levels of consciousness?
Conscious, preconscious, unconscious
30
What occurs on the conscious level?
In the conscious level thoughts, wishes, emotions I am made aware of
31
Preconscious level
Just below the conscious level memories and content to which we have ready access to
32
Unconscious level
Don't have easy access to, thoughts, wishes and feelings that exists beyond our witness and can only gain access towards them through great effort
33
Pleasure principle
The relentless drive towards immediate satisfaction of the instinctual urges, especially sexual urges
34
Reality principle
Is the capacity to postpone gratification into the appropriate time or circumstances exist in the external world
35
Libido
The psychological and emotional energy associated with expressions of sexuality; the sex drive
36
Ego defense mechanism
Largely unconscious distortions or thoughts of perception the act to reduce anxiety
37
Repression
Blocking a wish or a desire from consciousness | Ex. Forgetting to keep appointments to the dentist
38
Denial
Refusing to acknowledge a reality | Ex. Refusing to believe that one has terminal cancer
39
Projection
Attributing an unconscious impulses, attitude of behavior to another Ex. Accusing your husband of having an affair when you have been cheating
40
Formation
Expressing an impulse by it's opposite | Ex.treating someone you dislike as a friend
41
Regression
Returning to an earlier form behavior | Ex. Resuming bedwetting after one has since stopped
42
Rationalization
Dealing with an emotionally intellectually to avoid emotional concerns Ex. Arguing that "everyone else does it so why should I be guilty"
43
displacement
Satisfying and impulse with a substitute object | Ex. Teasing your younger brother after you been teased by your older brother
44
Sublimation
Re-channeling and then pulls into a socially design outlet | Ex.satisfy a question urges by becoming a football player
45
Abraham Maslow
Believed that humans mean expert a powerful: behavior. Created the hierarchy of needs on which means the human needs are organized in a hierarchy - people have a variety of human needs, the basic ones are on survival (thirst, hunger) - believed that needs or what motivate people
46
Carl Rogers
Stated that humans have a self actualization tendency - that when the individual has become self actualize they are totally fulfilled - humans have the innate drive to Maintain and enhance the human organism - client centered theory - strong need to be loved and to experience affection which results in conditional positive regard
47
Conditional positive regard
Given only if they engage in behaviors that are approved by others -if you believe that the infection is conditional you want to start your own experiences in order to feel worthy of acceptance
48
Unconditional positive regard
- A person is excepted for what he or she is and not for others would like that person to be - positive self regard follows and this is the ideal
49
Self-concept
Perception of our abilities, behaviors and characteristics | -we act in accordance with our self-concept we will act in the way we perceive ourselves
50
Real self
The self as it really is, a product of our experiences
51
The ideal self
The self we would like to be
52
Maladjustment
A discrepancy between the real and Ideal self
53
Social cognitive perspective
Stresses observational learning Albert Bandura the Bobo doll - Individuals are affected by their environment
54
Reciprocal determinism
The interaction of behavioral cognitive and environmental factor -Key concept and vendors theory of self-efficacy
55
Self efficacy
A person's belief about his or her skills and ability to perform certain behaviors and like a trait, self efficacy is specific to the situation and can change over time
56
Trait
The tendency to behave, feel and think in the ways that are consistent across the tuitions. -focuses on identifying, describing and measuring individual differences
57
Cattell and Eyesenck
-trait theory -used factor analysis -personality consist of surface traits and source traits Eyesenck.... -organize traits Internet will be defined card glory which were then placed into broader categories
58
Surface traits
- attributes that can easily be inferred from observable behavior (we can't see it physically but can be inferred) - cluster of behaviors that appeared to go together (honesty, self-discipline and thoughtfulness)
59
Source traits
The broad basic traits - underlying traits determine the surface traits - 16 source traits represent the basis of personality
60
Extroversion
Outgoing this, sociability
61
Neuroticism
Emotional instability, anxiety, guilt, low self-esteem
62
Psychoticism
Aggressive, impulsive, and lacks empathy

Psych Ch1 (6 decks)

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