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test 5 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

20th Century

A

1900-present

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2
Q

WWI & WWII

A

affected composers and their music

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3
Q

melody

A

no longer top element, much more dissonant, disjunction

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4
Q

harmony

A

“no more” functional harmony , emancipation of dissonance, new scales

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5
Q

tonality

A

no tonal center; tonal center created in new ways

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6
Q

Debussy, Stravinsky, Schoenberg, Ives

A

early modernists composers

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7
Q

(Stravinsky)

Manipulation of rhythm

A

driving force in his music and his greatest contribution

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8
Q

premier riot, ballet, primitive fertility rates, rhythm

A

(Stravinsky)

The Rite of Spring

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9
Q
  • jazz influence,
  • for time composed in neoclassical style
  • tried serialism near end of life
A

stravinsky

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10
Q

20th century traditionalism

A

composers went back to traditional musical elements (ex: Ravel, Bartok and Copland)

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11
Q

originated serialism (12-tone system)

A

Schoenberg

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12
Q

12-tone system (inversion, retrograde, retrograde inversion, transposition)

A

Schoenberg

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13
Q

expressionist and modernist composer

A

Schoenberg

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14
Q

Second Viennese School with Webern and Berg

A

Schoenberg

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15
Q

Pierrot Lunaire

A

Schoenberg

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16
Q

impressionism

A

a French artistic movement of the late 19th century

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17
Q

Wozzeck

A

Alban Berg

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18
Q

student of Schoenberg

A

Berg

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19
Q

leading expressionist composer (1862-1918)

A

Debussy

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20
Q

clouds from three nocturnes

A

Debussy

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21
Q

style crystallized in early 30’s due to influence of impressionism and symbolism

A

Debussy

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22
Q

trained at Paris conservatory

A

Debussy

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23
Q

first great 20th century modernist composer

A

Debussy

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24
Q

enduring contributions in piano music and orchestration

A

Debussy

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25
elevated tone color (timbre) to be at least equal to melody, harmony and for
Debussy
26
influenced by Indonesian Gamela
Debussy
27
whole tone scale
divides octave into 6 whole steps
28
octatonic scale
8 pitches to an octave alternating whole and half steps
29
Piano concerto in G
Ravel, Jazz influence
30
composed Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta
Bartok
31
Ethnomusicologist, Hungarian
Bartok
32
Co-directed the Budapest Academy of Music
Bartok
33
the outstanding Nationalist composer of the 20th c.
Bartok
34
"The Rock-strewn Hills Join in the People's Outdoor Meeting"
Ives
35
believed music should speak to the common person
Copland
36
promoter of American music
Copland
37
eclectic
Copland
38
ballet, Appalachian Springs
Copland
39
Musical characteristics: diatonic, accessible, open sounding
Copland
40
influenced by Stravinsky
Copland
41
composer of 4'33"
John Cage
42
father of chance music
John Cage
43
innovative in rhythm and electronic music
Edgar Varese
44
poeme electronique
Edgar Varese
45
minimalist composer
Steve Reich
46
minimalist, Short Ride in a Fast Machine
John Adams
47
atonal
lacks a tonal center
48
neoclassicism
a return to musical features of the classical period (or earlier)
49
what did Copland, Bartok and Ravel have in common?
neoclassicism
50
expressionist
extreme, exaggerated emotion, hysteria, insanity
51
sprechstimme
half spoken, half sung
52
3 phases of electronic music
musique concrete synthesizers computer music
53
chance music (aleatoric music)
performer chance | composer chance
54
minimalism
music in which simple melodies, motives, and harmonies are repeated many times and change in small increments over long periods of time
55
no professional musicians among founders
influences on early American music history
56
melting pot
influences on early American music history
57
cultivated music
in America, genres and styles of music that were brought from Europe and subsequently nurtured here through formal training and education
58
vernacular music
music that was developed in America outside the European concert music tradition
59
jazz
improvisation, syncopation, rhythm section (bass, piano, drums)
60
prelude No. 1
George Gershwin
61
New York (Broadway) center
American musical
62
Leonard Bernstein's West Side Story, loosely based on Romeo and Juliet
American Musical

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