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music appreciation > test 5 > Flashcards

test 5 Flashcards

1
Q

20th Century

A

1900-present

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2
Q

WWI & WWII

A

affected composers and their music

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3
Q

melody

A

no longer top element, much more dissonant, disjunction

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4
Q

harmony

A

“no more” functional harmony , emancipation of dissonance, new scales

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5
Q

tonality

A

no tonal center; tonal center created in new ways

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6
Q

Debussy, Stravinsky, Schoenberg, Ives

A

early modernists composers

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7
Q

(Stravinsky)

Manipulation of rhythm

A

driving force in his music and his greatest contribution

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8
Q

premier riot, ballet, primitive fertility rates, rhythm

A

(Stravinsky)

The Rite of Spring

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9
Q
  • jazz influence,
  • for time composed in neoclassical style
  • tried serialism near end of life
A

stravinsky

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10
Q

20th century traditionalism

A

composers went back to traditional musical elements (ex: Ravel, Bartok and Copland)

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11
Q

originated serialism (12-tone system)

A

Schoenberg

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12
Q

12-tone system (inversion, retrograde, retrograde inversion, transposition)

A

Schoenberg

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13
Q

expressionist and modernist composer

A

Schoenberg

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14
Q

Second Viennese School with Webern and Berg

A

Schoenberg

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15
Q

Pierrot Lunaire

A

Schoenberg

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16
Q

impressionism

A

a French artistic movement of the late 19th century

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17
Q

Wozzeck

A

Alban Berg

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18
Q

student of Schoenberg

A

Berg

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19
Q

leading expressionist composer (1862-1918)

A

Debussy

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20
Q

clouds from three nocturnes

A

Debussy

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21
Q

style crystallized in early 30’s due to influence of impressionism and symbolism

A

Debussy

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22
Q

trained at Paris conservatory

A

Debussy

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23
Q

first great 20th century modernist composer

A

Debussy

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24
Q

enduring contributions in piano music and orchestration

A

Debussy

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25
Q

elevated tone color (timbre) to be at least equal to melody, harmony and for

A

Debussy

26
Q

influenced by Indonesian Gamela

A

Debussy

27
Q

whole tone scale

A

divides octave into 6 whole steps

28
Q

octatonic scale

A

8 pitches to an octave alternating whole and half steps

29
Q

Piano concerto in G

A

Ravel, Jazz influence

30
Q

composed Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta

A

Bartok

31
Q

Ethnomusicologist, Hungarian

A

Bartok

32
Q

Co-directed the Budapest Academy of Music

A

Bartok

33
Q

the outstanding Nationalist composer of the 20th c.

A

Bartok

34
Q

“The Rock-strewn Hills Join in the People’s Outdoor Meeting”

A

Ives

35
Q

believed music should speak to the common person

A

Copland

36
Q

promoter of American music

A

Copland

37
Q

eclectic

A

Copland

38
Q

ballet, Appalachian Springs

A

Copland

39
Q

Musical characteristics: diatonic, accessible, open sounding

A

Copland

40
Q

influenced by Stravinsky

A

Copland

41
Q

composer of 4’33”

A

John Cage

42
Q

father of chance music

A

John Cage

43
Q

innovative in rhythm and electronic music

A

Edgar Varese

44
Q

poeme electronique

A

Edgar Varese

45
Q

minimalist composer

A

Steve Reich

46
Q

minimalist, Short Ride in a Fast Machine

A

John Adams

47
Q

atonal

A

lacks a tonal center

48
Q

neoclassicism

A

a return to musical features of the classical period (or earlier)

49
Q

what did Copland, Bartok and Ravel have in common?

A

neoclassicism

50
Q

expressionist

A

extreme, exaggerated emotion, hysteria, insanity

51
Q

sprechstimme

A

half spoken, half sung

52
Q

3 phases of electronic music

A

musique concrete
synthesizers
computer music

53
Q

chance music (aleatoric music)

A

performer chance

composer chance

54
Q

minimalism

A

music in which simple melodies, motives, and harmonies are repeated many times and change in small increments over long periods of time

55
Q

no professional musicians among founders

A

influences on early American music history

56
Q

melting pot

A

influences on early American music history

57
Q

cultivated music

A

in America, genres and styles of music that were brought from Europe and subsequently nurtured here through formal training and education

58
Q

vernacular music

A

music that was developed in America outside the European concert music tradition

59
Q

jazz

A

improvisation, syncopation, rhythm section (bass, piano, drums)

60
Q

prelude No. 1

A

George Gershwin

61
Q

New York (Broadway) center

A

American musical

62
Q

Leonard Bernstein’s West Side Story, loosely based on Romeo and Juliet

A

American Musical

music appreciation (3 decks)

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