Test 5 Flashcards

Question

polypodiophyta

Answer 1

``` ferns megapylls=leaves frond-petiole-rachis-blade-pinna rhizome and true roots indusium annulus cells/lip cells prothallus= heart shaped dioecious archegonia- neck, venter, egg fiddlehead sori- clusters of sporangia ```

Answer 2

one house | both male and female gamete producing structures on same plant

Answer 3

2 houses | male and female gametangia on different plants

Answer 4

remove toxins from the air low maintenance astetically pleasing fern trees in hawaii shade adn environment for flowers to bloom hairs from unrolled fiddle heads= pillows, uphoulstry, adn matress stuffing

Answer 5

``` seed bearing plants with no ovaries and fruits= naked seeds conifers gnetophytes cycads ginkgos slow to reproduce slow growing- inefficeint water conduction no vessel elements in xylem tracheids less efficeint tracheids less prone to freezing ```

Answer 6

``` vessel seed carpal/ovary male gemtopyte= pollen grain female gametophyte= 1 cell with 8 nuclei heterosporous ```

Answer 7

``` gametophytes greatly reduced " developes within sporophyte structure heterosporous naked seed attatched to sporophyll of a cone (strobilus) no H2O required for sperm movement pollenated by wind mostly pollen= male gametophyte ```

Answer 8

``` mature ovule- megapsorangium contains female gametophyte and embryo ovuliferous scale-integument-megsporangium(nucellus)- megaspore(female gametophyte)-archegonium-egg micropyle pollen chamber ```

Answer 9

``` small papery or membranous scales in clusters at tips of lower branches 2 microsporangia at base of each scale pollen grain= tube cell adn generative gell and wings two sperm nuclei one tube nucleus ```

Answer 10

pollen grains land on openig of base of ovule pollentube fertilize-zygote-embryo-mature sporophyte

Answer 11

female large woody scales on upper branches 2 seasons to mature 2 ovules at base of each scale

Answer 12

pines leaves form a cluster/fasicle hypodermis in leaves sunken stomata

Answer 13

ginkgos notched, broad, fan-shaped leaves leaves in spiral on short, slow growing spurs native to northern hemisphere dichotomously veined dioecious deciduous

Answer 14

``` cross btwn fern and palm tropics and sub tropics large pinnatly divided leaves pollinated by beetles distinct branched trunk ```

Answer 15

``` gnetophytes vessels in xylem 3 genera gnetum-vien like with broad leaves welwitschia- survives in low water ephedra- shrubby tiny leaves in 2-3s at a node stems whorled ```

Answer 16

pinaceae- hemlocks, spruce, cedar, true firs taxaceae- yews, cupressaceae- juniper,

Answer 17

bees- brightly colored (blue adn yellow), lines or disticntive markings, sweet, fragrence, beetles- strong, yeasty, spicy, or fruity odors, white dull color, flower produces alternate food for them moth- sweet frangrences, white yellow flowers, butterflies- sweet fragrent, red flowers, bright orange or yellow, birds- bright reds and yellows, large flowers, part of large sturdy infloresence bat- tropics, open only at night, dull color, large,

Answer 18

produciton of both mircospores and megaspores

Answer 19

produciton of only microspores

Answer 20

as aggregation of sporophylls on a common axis; it usually resembles a cone or is somewhat conelike in appearance

Answer 21

a modified leaf that bears a sporangium or a sporangia

Answer 22

a leaf having a single unbranched vein not associated with a leaf gap

Answer 23

a spore that develops into a male gametophyte

Answer 24

a spore that developes into a a female gametophyte

Answer 25

having unisexual male flowers or cones and unisexual female flowers or cones or both on the same plant

Answer 26

a cluster of sporangia; a term most frequently applied to clusters of fern sporangia

Answer 27

the small membranous sometimes umbrella like covering of a developing fern sorus

Answer 28

a structure in which spores are produced; it may either be unicellular or multicellular

Answer 29

having unisexual flowers or cones with male flowers or cones confined ot sertain plants and the female flowers or cones of the same species confined to different plants